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PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION AND CONSERVATION STUDIES
Get PDFSatyrium nepalense is an endangered medicinal herb found at the higher altitude of 2400-5000m. Local inhabitant used tubers of Satyrium nepalense as an energetic tonic and as an important medicine to cure different type of fever in traditional health care system of Uttarakhand (INDIA). Present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical, antibacterial screening against four (Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae) microorganisms in methanolic extracts and habitat studies for conservation of S. nepalense. Tubers of Satyrium nepalense were extracted separately with methanol by hot extraction process using soxhlet apparatus. The extracts were subjected to Lyophilization to get dry extract and preserved in aseptic condition. The different group reagents used for phytochemical s,reening as dragendorffs\u27s for alkaloid, molisch\u27s test for carbohydrates, shinoda test for flavonoids etc. Antibacterial study was carried out by disc diffusion method. The highest zone of inhibition was recorded as 15.0±0.00 mm against Klebsiella pneumonia and 15.0± 0.82 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. Phytochemical screening shows the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates/glycosides, f lavonoids and unsaturated sterols/ triterpenes in Satyrium nepalense. The result indicates that methanolic extract of Satyrium nepalense shows potent antibacterial activity against all four bacterial strains
PENGARUH LEBARUKURANFARING PADAANAK DENGAN DAN TANPA BERNAPASMELALUIMULUTTERHADAP SUDUT KRANIOSERVIKAL DAN UKURAN DENTOKRANIOFASIALASPEK VERTIKAL (KajianRadiologiSefalometriLateralpadaAnak Usia 7-11 tahun di Kecamatan Ka
Get PDFUkuran faring yang menyempit, dapat menyebabkan berubahnya cara bernapas dari melalui hidung menjadi melalui mulut, serta dapat memicu adaptasi postur kepala, terutama pada sudut (angulasi) kranioservikal yang diduga disebabkan oleh kompensasi atas adanya hambatan atau penyumbatan pada saluran pernapasan. Keseimbangan antara kekuatan otot-otot pipi dan lidah berubah akibat bernapas melalui mulut sehingga dapat mempengaruhi keseimbangan tumbuh kembang dentokraniofasial.
Penelitian ini merupakan studi komparatif dengan desain cross sectional pad a anak usia 7-11 tahun yang bersekolah dan bertempat tinggal di Kecamatan Kasihan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Subjek dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok I (subjek dengan bernapas melalui mulutl BM+) dan kelompok II (subjek tanpa bernapas melalui
mulutl BM-). Dilakukan pengukuran pad a variabel lebar ukuran faring, sudut kranioservikal, dan ukuran dentokraniofasial aspek vertikal. Rerata pad a tiap variabel antara kedua kelompok dibandingkan menggunakan uji-t independent dan uji Mann-Whitney. Analisis regresi linier digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lebar
ukuran faring terhadap sudut kranioservikal dan ukuran dentokraniofasial aspek vertikal.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (
SYINGIR: TRANSFORMASI PUISIARAB KE DALAM PUISI JAWA
Get PDFSyingiris a advicepoem that uses the daily JavanesseLanguageand sung individuallyor together. Syingir developed in pesantren [Islamic boarding school] or in Islamic region. in Central Java and fast Java. The creators are kiai or da\u27, This poem created to spread the teachings of Islam. including akidah, syariah. and muamalah by means of an easy to remember so it was easy to be understood. In terms of form. syingir closer to the pattern of traditional Arabic poem, syi\u27" known as the pattern of ai-Khalil. Usage that pattern was caused by penyingir are kiais that had
been familiar with ilmul arii:ll wal-\u27-q8fiyah. the science of rhythm and rhyme in Arabic poetry. While in the term of content. syingiras a religious massage is the transformation of the contents of the Arabic poetry. which is at-ta\u27Um (education)
KINETIKA PERUBAHAN KETENGIKAN (RANCIDITY) KACANG GORENG SELAMA PROSES PENYIMPANAN
Get PDFKetengikan (rancidity) merupakan kerusakan atau perubahan bau danflavor dalam lemak atau bahan pangan berlemak.Sebagai salah satu produk pangan berlemak kacang rentan terhadap ketengikan selama penyimpanan. .Lama pemanasan minyak dapat mengakibatkan perubahan nilai angka peroksidanya, sehingga akan mempengaruhi kualitas pada bahan yang digoreng. Disamping itu ketersediaan oksigen dalam kemasan ditengarai juga akan mempengaruhi terjadinya proses ketengikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan model matematis perubahan ketengikan
kacang goreng selama penyimpanan yang dinyatakan dengan peningkatan nilai angka peroksidanya. Variasi lama pemanasan minyak yang digunakan adalah 0, 1,2 dan 3jam. Sedangkan variasi rasio volume kacang dengan kemasan yang digunakan adalah 1:6, 5:13 dan 10:17. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama pemanasan minyak, maka semakin besar angka peroksidanya demikian juga angka peroksida dari kacang hasil penggorengannya. Semakin kecil rasio volume kacang dengan kemasan yang digunakan, maka semakin besar konstanta laju perubahan angka
peroksida kacang goreng atau kacang semakin cepat tengik. Persamaan konstanta laju perubahan angka peroksida kacang goreng (ketengikan) selama penyimpanan dapat dinyatakan dengan P(I)=PO..o,I7(1b).O.IO x
STABILITAS SIFAT ANTIOKSIDATIF LlDAH BUAYA (Aloeveravar.chinensis) SELAMA PENGOLAHAN MINUMAN LlDAH BUAYA = Stability of the Antioxidative Properties of Aloe Vera (Aloe Vera Var.chinensis) During Processing of Aloe...
Get PDFLidah buaya atau aloe vera memiliki sifat fungsional sebagai antioksidan karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Penggunaan lidah buaya dalam bentuk ekstrak kurang praktis, mudah rusak dan akseptabilitasnya rendah. Oleh karena itu dilakukan pengolahan gellidah buaya menjadi minuman lidah buaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan minuman lidah buaya dengan sifat antioksidatif dan akseptabilitas tinggi. Secara khusus tujuannya adalah mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidasi ekstrak lidah buaya, mengevaluasi perubahan sifat antioksidatif lidah buaya selama pengolahan minuman lidah buaya berdasarkan kemampuannya menangkap radikal bebas DPPH dan menghambat peroksidasi lemak, dan menentukan kondisi proses terbaik yang dapat menghasilkan minuman lidah buaya dengan akseptabilitas tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak lidah buaya memiliki aktivitas antioksidasi dengan persentase Reactive Scavenging Activity (RSA) sebesar 35,17% dan penghambatan peroksidasi lemak 49,53 %. Blansing gellidah buaya dengan suhu semakin tinggi menghasilkan minuman lidah buaya dengan aktivitas antioksidasi rendah. Aktivitas antioksidasi pada setiap tahap pengolahan minuman lidah buaya semakin menurun terutama setelah perendaman dalam larutan NaCl atau larutan kapur. Pengolahan minuman lidah buaya dengan suhu blansing 70°C dapat menghasilkan minuman lidah buaya yang paling akseptabel dengan aktivitas antioksidasi tinggi
PROFIL AROMA ASAP CAIR TEMPURUNG KELAPA HASIL DISTILASI FRAKSINASI BERTINGKAT PADA BERBAGAI PERLAKUAN SUHU = Profile Liquid Smoke Aroma of Coconut Shell Products at VariousTemperatures Using Multistages ...
Get PDFTelah dilakukan distilasi asap cair secara bertingkat pada suhu 90100llO120130 dan 140°C, yang bertujuan mengkaji penurunan intensitas aroma asap cair tempurung kelapa melalui distilasi fraksinasi bertingkat. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh total rendemen sebesar 90,52%dengan hasil tertinggi pada suhu distilasi berkisar 100-130°Cyakni 88,88 %. Hasil pengujian sensoris menunjukkan bahwa asap cair fraksi IIyang didistilasi pada suhu 120°C memperoleh persentase penerimaan tertinggi oleh panelis yakni 65%. Komponen volatil utama sebagai kontributor aroma asap cair dikelompokkan ke dalam empat golongan yaitu: (1) Kelompok alkohol, asam dan ester, (2) Kelompok karbonil, (3) Fenol dan turunannya serta (4) Guaiakol dan turunannya. Seluruh fraksi asap cair yang diujikan mengandung kelompok senyawa tersebut dengan intensitas yang bervariasi
KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT TAU TAA WANA BULANG DALAM MENGKONSERVASI HUTAN DI PROPINSI SULAWESI TENGAH
Get PDFThis study found that the local community of Tau Taa Wana Bulang had local wisdoms favouring the forest balance and continuance that would encourage the people to be involved actively and collectively in the process of conserving the surrounding community forest. The factor of age, income, education, experience, attitude, conception, and motivation were proven collectively to have the significant effect to the cultural participation based on local wisdom of the community of Wana (R1= 0.92). The cultural implementation was found in the amount of traditional ceremonies having influences directly and indirectly to the conservation of surrounding forests.
Keywords: Wana, participation, forest conservation
SPATIOTEMPORALCHARACTERISTICSOF EXTREMERAINFALL EVENTS OVER.TAVA ISLAND, INDONESIA
Get PDFThe patterns and trends of extreme daily rainfall within period o.f 1981 - 2010 have been analyzed for Java Island, Indonesia particularly East Java Province. A set of extreme indices recommended by WMO were calculated using high quality data fi-om 84 rain stations to express the frequency and intensity of those events. The spatial patterns was identified by mapping climatological mean of indices while temporal trends was assessed using the nonparametric Mann-Kendal test. The study found that the spatial pattern of extreme rainfall events over East Java Province is generally characterized by low frequency and intensity in the coastal area, and high frequency and intensity in the mountainous area: The dominant finding from trend assessment is not-significant trend. However, the consistently significant trend was observed in some districts. Rain stations in District of Ponorogo, Ngawi, Bojonegoro, Gresik and Sumenep showed significant negative trend for almost all indices whereas significant positive trend was found in District of Surabaya and Pasuruan.
Key words: spatia-temporal characteristics, extreme rainfall events, Java Islan
Perbedaan status gizi, kesegaran jasmani, dan kualitas hidup anak sekolah di pedesaan dan perkotaan The comparison of nutritional status, physical fi tness and quality of life of urban and rural school children
Get PDFBackground: The differences in geographic, sosioeconomic and lifestyle between children in rural and urban areas infl uence their nutritional status. The urban children tended to be less active. The evidence suggested that physical activity improves cardiorespiratory fi tness and mental health in young people but study that compare those indicators among rural and urban children was scarce.
Objective: To compare the nutritional status, physical fi tness, and quality of life between elementary school children in rural and urban areas.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Semarang (urban) and Mlonggo (rural) Central Java in 2009. Inclusion criteria was school children aged 9-11 years and had no physical disability. Body composition was measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, physical activity by Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), physical fi tness by 20-m shuttle run test and quality of life by Pediatrics Quality of Life Questionnaire (PedQoL 4.0). The differences between nutritional status and physical activity were assessed by Chi Square test, while the differences between physical fi tness and quality of life were tested by independent t test (
PEMILAHAN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STRAIN AGR-ENTEROTOKSIN RESISTEN NEUTROFILSEBAGAI DASAR DETEKSI MASTITIS
Get PDFStaphylococcus aureus is\u27 recognized worldwide as a major pathogen causing subclinical intramammary infections in dairy cows and food poisoning due to its ability to produce enterotoxin. The study aimed to identify enterotoxins of S. aureus and clustering the enterotoxins based on assessory gene regulator (agr). Virulence of S. aureus to the host was characterized based on the response of polymorphonuclear cells to the infection. Twelve S. aureus could be isolated from milk cows in central of dairy farming in Sumedang West Java. The identification of S. aureus was based on cultural and biochemical tests and an amplification of a specific section ofthe 23S rRNAgene. The sensitivity test against antibiotics revealed that some isolates of S. aureus were resistant to penicillin and methycillin. By PCR amplification one or more staphylococcal enterotoxin genes could be observed five genes in combinations of sea (216 bp), seb (478 bp), seh (375 bp), sei(576 bp), and sej (142 bp). Clustering of S. aureus based on the assesory gene regulator could be grouped into 4 clusters for agr1 (1 isolat), agr2 (2 isolates), in combination for agr1 and agr2 (1 isolate), and for non agr (2 isolates). Based on the response of polymorphonuclear cell in vitro and in vivo assays, revealed that S. aureus strain 1-2(agr1 cluster) and P1 (agr1+agr2 cluster) were more resistant to polymorphonuclear cells and could survive intracellularly, indicated that these strains could be used as proper candidates to develop dignostic tool basedon agragainst staphylococcal mastitis