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MODEL PERPINDAHAN PANAS DAN MASSA SELAMA PENGGORENGAN BUAH PADA KEADAAN VAKUM = Model of Heat and MassTransfer during Vacuum Fruit Frying Abstract
Full text linkSaat ini produk keripik buah hasil proses penggorengan vakurn sudah populer dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat, karena produk keripik buah mempunyai sifat yang khas, enak, gurih dan renyah jika dimakan. Selama proses penggorengan buah pada keadaan vakum, perpindahan panas dan massa terjadi secara simultan. Pepindahan panas dari minyak panas ke permukaan kemudian merambat ke dalam buah dan kandungan air di dalam buah keluar ke permukaan, pada saat yang bersamaan buah menyerap minyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model matematik perpindahan panas dan massa secara simultan pada penggorengan buah pada keadaan vakurn. Sampel penelitian adalah buah nangka digoreng pada suhu 70-100 °C, lama penggorengan 15-60 menit dan tekanan vakum 13-23 kPa. Model meliputi perubahan kadar air, kadar minyak, kadar pati, kadar sukrosa, kadar gula reduksi dan kadar p-karoten di dalam padatan. Penyusunan model didasarkan pada konsep persamaan diferensial ordiner order satu simultan yang diselesaikan dengan metode numerik Runge-Kutta. Hasil simulasi kenaikan suhu, penurunan kadar air dan penyerapan minyak selama proses penggorengan secara vakum menggambarkan bahwa model matematik yang dikembangkan cukup baik untuk menjelaskan fenomena perpindahan panas dan massa secara simultan selama proses penggorengan buah pada keadaan vakum
KAJIAN ASET NIRWUJUD DALAM MANAJEMEN SISTEM IRIGASI = Study on Intangible Assetsin Irrigation System Management
Full text linkTujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kondisi aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi ditinjau dari manajemen pengetahuan. Metode penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah pengurnpulan data yang dilakukan dengan kuesioner dan wawancara dengan pengurus Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air (P3A) di Daerah Irigasi (DI) Mejing di kabupaten Bantul, dan DI Sapon di kabupaten Kulon Progo, propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, dan DI Molek di kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Tahap kedua adalah analisa data yang dilakukan dengan ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System).
Penelitian menghasilkan bahwa manajemen pengetahuan yang terdiri dari organisasi pembelajar, prinsip organisasi, kebijakan dan strategi organisasi, teknologi infonnasi dan komunikasi secara terpadu mempengaruhi aset nirwujud sistem irigasi. Aset nirwujud yang terdiri dari modal manusia, modal struktural dan modal hubungan secara terpadu mempengaruhi efektivitas sistem irigasi. Manajemen pengetahuan dalarn sistem irigasi Mejing dan Sapon tingkat tersier dalam kondisi cukup baik (3,81 dalam skala 1-5) sedangkan dalam sistem irigasi Molek kondisinyajelek (2,37). Aset nirwujud dalam sistem irigasi Mejing, Sapon dan Molek tingkat tersier dalam kondisi cukup baik (3,61). Kinerja sistem irigasi yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai efektivitas dalarn sistem irigasi Mejing, Sapon dan Molek sudah sangat baik (0,89-0,95) namun masih berpotensi untuk ditingkatkan. Sistem irigasi mempunyai prioritas yang berbeda dalam upaya peningkatan aset nirwujudnya. Dalam upaya peningkatan modal manusia sistem irigasi Molek, organisasi pembelajar merupakan prioritas pertama. Dalam upaya peningkatan modal struktural dan modal hubungan, kebijakan dan strategi organisasi mendapat prioritas pertama. Dalam sistem irigasi Sapon, prinsip organisasi merupakan prioritas pertama dalam upaya meningkatkan modal manusia, modal struktural dan modal hubungan. Dalam sistem irigasi Mejing, prinsip organisasi merupakan prioritas pertama dalam upaya meningkatkan modal hubungan. Sistem irigasi mempunyai prioritas yang berbeda pula dalam upaya peningkatan kinerja sistem irigasi. Dalam upaya peningkatan efektivitas sistem irigasi Mejing dan Molek, modal hubungan merupakan prioritas pertama, sedangkan dalam sistem irigasi Sapon, modal struktural merupakan prioritas yang pertama
KONSEP MULTIKULTURAL DAN ETNISITAS PRIBUMI DALAM PENELITIAN SENI
Full text linkTraditional arts are essentially public cultural expressions. not individual expressions. They are bound by the characteristics of their respective cultures which bring with them their local wisdom. While multiculturalism acknowledges the equality of all oral traditions that have been embedded in every indigenous ethnicity. any research conducted on traditional arts should appropriately be carried out by researchers who belong to the corresponding cultural groups and have a life time experience
within their own primordiality. Therefore. new concepts introduced in research into traditional arts based on multiculturalism and indigenous ethnicity play an important role in maintaining truthful corroboration of the research outcome.
Keywords: multiculturalism. indigenous ethnicity. traditional art
STREET THEATRE - THE THIRD THEATRE: AGENTS FOR SOCIAL ENGINEERING IN INDIA
Full text linkABSTRAK
Teaterlalanan di India, atau \u27Teater Ketiga\u27 sebagai bentuk komunikasi sosial dan budaya, tertanam kuat dalam tradisi India. Banyak persoalan sosial yang rumit, baik yang terkait dengan jender, persalinan, penyebarluasan pengetahuan tentang HIV dan AIDS, pentingnya mendidik anak perempuan, sistem sosial dan politik, maupun politik kedinastian, dihidupkan melalui genre \u27drama jalanan\u27. Ada \u27diskusi panggung\u27 melalui berbagai perspektif mengenai sejumlah karakter, yang membawa unsur keterlibatan langsung dan urgensi pada tema yang sedang dibahas. Dalam situasi seperti ini, penon ton datang tanpa persiapan untuk menonton sebuah pertunjukan drama dan mungkin tidak memiliki banyak waktu. Oleh karena itu, dampak dari \u27drama jalanan\u27 itu langsung, dekat. intim, dan efektif Dampaknya terasa \u27seketika\u27. Strategi \u27meyakinkan-mengubah\u27 diterapkan ditemani oleh alat musik perkusi India yang disebut Dholak atau paduan suara untuk menarik penonton di perempatan atau di sudut jalan. Kata kunci: Teaterlalanan, revolusioner,proscenium, persoalan sosialyang kompleks, diskusi panggung, revitalisasi teater menggunakan bhasha, instrumen untuk memperoleh dampak langsun
WARALABA SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA
Full text linkThe objective of this research is to look for the justification of a new theory that uses franchise as an alternative to alleviate poverty in Indonesia, particularly absolute poverty in urban cities. Local wisdom inspires Indonesia s juridical design for franchise laws that supports the franchise industry. This research finds that the theory that franchise can be applied as an instrument to alleviate poverty can be accepted. However, the application of the franchise industry as an instrument to alleviate poverty is ineffective because of a several factors, such as the vagueness of statutory regulations, unfavourable social culture, and the weak government supervision.
Keywords: franchise. poverty alleviation, local wisdom
Pengetahuan dan sikap orang tua hubungannya dengan pola konsumsi dan status gizi anak autis = Parents knowledge and attitudes and their association with consumption pattern and nutritional status of autistic children
Full text linkBackground: The prevalence of autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased in recent years. In 1993 the prevalence of ASD was 2-4 cases per 10.000 children. The number increased significantly to 152 cases per 10.000 children in 2003 (0.15-0.2%). In addition to diet, nutritional status can be influenced by parents knowledge and attitudess toward children with autism. Improving parents knowledge and attitudess about autism can be an effective way to manage children with autism.
Objective: To examine the relationship between parents knowledge and attitudes toward autism with dietary pattern and nutritional
status of autistic children in SLBN Semarang.
Method: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. The subjects were students with autism who attended SLBN Semarang and their parents. A questionaire was used to collect the information on parents knowledge and attitudes toward autism, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to obtain the data on gluten and casein consumption, whereas the data on nutritional status were measured by weight and height of the children. Chi square and Fisher Exact test were used to analyze the data.
Results: As many as 55.3% of parents have good knowledge and 65.8% have a possitive attitudes toward autism. Fifty percent of children presented with good consumption pattern of gluten, 65% exhibited good consumption pattern of casein and 55.3% of autistic children had good consumption pattern of both gluten and casein. Almost half (47.4%) of the children were undernourished.
There were no association found between parents knowledge and gluten and casein consumption (p>0.05)parents knowledge and nutritional status (p>0.05)and parents attitudes and nutritional status (p>0.05). Only parents attitudes towards autism was found to be associated with casein and gluten consumption pattern (
MANUFAKTUR DAN PENGUJIAN KAPASITAS MESIN PENGUPAS KEDELAI JENIS SCREW
Full text linkModernization of tempe fac(oryrequires investment of several processing machines. Soybeanhuller if the most critical among others and plate model is the most commonly utilized. Mr. Mudjijana designed huller screw model, which provide more contact surface between the screw and the housing but more gentle in forcing the hull to get off the beans. Thismodel proved to provide better separation and consequently reduce loss from broken beans. The model prototype was filed for patent in December2004and has beengranteda patent in Feb 1(jh 2010. The currentproject attempting to manufacture the huller and utilize it in the real tempe processing business. Evaluation of huller performance, technically as well as economically, will be evaluated in this project. A wooden soybean huller model has been made which is then used to form mould using a sand template. A liquefied aluminum waspoured in the template to form the screw and its housing. The screw is than connected to the central part at both ends, which is supported by sliding supports. Thescrew rotation is powered by electro motor through V-belt transmission in which the rotation can be adjusted using inverter. The screw was installed into the housing and set as a screw mill and tested for soybean huller. Upon test using boiled soybeans as materials it was found that about 60% of the soybeans were cleaved into two cotyledons. Themill that already manufactured has the milling capacity of 16 kg per hour. Thehuller still need further adjustment to reduce clearance between screw and housing to improve milling performance. The manufacturing of larger mill with 32 kg/hr capacity is still underway. The later size will be able to support a tempe factory with capacity of 250. kg soybeans/day or 500 kg of tempe/day
REVENUE FARMING AND IMPERIAL TRANSITION: AN ECONOMIC DIMENSION OF EARLY COLONIAL STATE FORMATION IN JAVA, C. 1800S-1820S
Full text linkSistem sewa lisensi pajak (pacht atau verpacthtingen dalam bahasa Belanda) adalah sebuah institusi fiskal yang sudah ada diJawa sejak masa pra-kolonial. Pada masa VOC. bangsa Belanda memodifikasi. melembagakan. dan memperluas sistem tersebut sebagai salah satu institusi fiskal mereka sebagai solusi atas persoalan kekurangan sumber daya manusia dan hambatan administratif dalam pengumpulan pajak dari penduduk lokal. Berdasarkan alasan politik dan ekonomi. mereka memilih orang-orang Cina sebagai partner untuk menjalankan sistem tersebut. Dalam jangka panjang. sistem tersebut terbukti sangat efisien sehingga menyumbangkan pemasukan pajak yang substansial terhadap kas negara. Selama \u27periode \u27transisi imperial\u27 dari tahun 1800-an hingga I820-an, berbagai rezim yang berkuasa mempertahankan sistem tersebut untuk membiayai agenda politik mereka. Tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa sistem inilah sebenarnya yang menjadi sumber finansial utama bagi bangsa Belanda dalam proses pembentukan negara kolonial di Jawa pada awal abad ke-19.
Revenue farming (pacht or verpachtingen in Dutch) is a fiscal institution that existed in Java since the pre-colonial period. Duringthe VOC period, the Dutch modified, institutionalizedand extended it as one of their fiscalinstitutions to solve human resource shortage and administrative barriers in collecting taxes from local population. For politicaland economic reasons the Dutch favored the Chinese as main partners in operating the system. The system was proven efficientto an extent that it collected substantial revenue contribution to the state exchequer. During the period of \u27imperial\u27 transition from 1800suntil I820s, changingregimes inJavaretained the system to financetheir political agenda. This paper argues that revenue-farming system was the financialsource for the Dutch in establishing a real colonial state in Java
PERILAKU DAN MAKNA VERBA DALAM BAHASA MADURA
No full textThis study is aiming at studying the categoryand the meaningof verb in Madura language.The problem to study is how to know: form or morphological category, syntactic category.and meaning of verbsin Madura languagein enjo\u27-iyo. Research method applied in this study is descriptive-qualitative method. The data of this study is synchronic which is gained by having interview through open questionnaire. Thoughstem and base are singular,stem can only stand alone when it is imperative. Transitive can be mono-transitive, transitive, and transitive intransitive. Passiveconstruction can be categorizedas anti-active, and imperative can be categorizedas anti-passive. Basedon the meaningof verbin Madura languageconsists of causativeverb, reciprocalverb, reflexiveverb, locativeverb, repetitive verb, and imperative verb.
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perilaku dan makna verba dalam bahasa Madura. Permasalahan yang dikajiadalah bagaimanakah bentuk atau perilaku morfologis. perilaku sintaksis. dan makna verba dalam bahasa Madura pada tingkat tutur enjo\u27-iyo.Metode yang diguna
Is Earnings Management Informational or Opportunistic? Evidence from ASEAN Countries
No full textAbstract: This study explores the informational and opportunistic characteristics of earnings management in ASEAN countries. Earnings management has an impact on the profitability of the companies. A positive relation between earnings management and future profitability reveals that earnings management is informational. However, negative a relation between earnings management and future profitability indicates that earnings management is opportunistic.
This study uses data from the OSIRIS database. Four hundred and eighty five (485) companies from the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand are used as a sample. This study focuses on 2 types of earnings management: (1) accrual earnings management and (2) real earning management. Modified Jones model is used for the accrual earnings management. Real earnings management follows Roychowdury (2006).
The results show that the characteristics of earnings management are not consistent. Real earnings management is informational in Thailand, but opportunistic in Indonesia. Accruals earnings management is informational in the Philippines, but opportunistic in Malaysia. Country factors such as culture may explain the inconsistency of the results in ASEAN.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi karakteristik informasional dan oportunistik dari manajemen laba di negara-negara ASEAN. Manajemen laba akan berdampak pada kemampulabaan perusahaan. Hubungan positif antara manajemen laba dan kemampulabaan di masa depan mengungkapkan bahwa manajemen laba bersifat informasional. Sebaliknya, hubungan negatif antara manajemen laba dan kemampulabaan perusahaan di masa depan mengindikasikan bahwa manajemen laba bersifat oportunistik.
Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari database OSIRIS. Empat ratus delapan puluh lima (485) perusahaan dari Filipina, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, dan Thailand digunakan sebagai sampel. Penelitian ini berfokus pada dua jenis manajemen laba: (1) manajemen laba akrual dan (2) manajemen laba riil. Model Modified Jones digunakan untuk manajemen laba akrual. Manajemen laba riil mengikuti model Roychowdury (2006).
Hasil menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik manajemen laba tidak konsisten. Manajemen laba riil bersifat informasional di Thailand, tapi oportunistik di Indonesia. Manajemen laba akrual bersifat informasional di Filipina, tapi oportunistik di Malaysia. Faktor spesifik negara seperti budaya mungkin dapat menjelaskan ketidakkonsistenan hasil di ASEAN