Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas
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Profil Ekspresi MikroRNA Kanker Payudara di Purwokerto
Full text linkPenemuan metode deteksi dini kanker payudara secara sensitif, spesifik dan minimal invasif merupakan kunci dalam keberhasilan pengobatan. Hal ini dapat dilakukan menggunakan biomarker yang bersirkulasi dalam plasma darah yaitu mikroRNA. MikroRNA adalah asam ribonukleat yang tidak mengkode protein tetapi memiliki peran dalam menghambat dan mendegradasi mRNA sehingga mempengaruhi perkembangan kanker. Tujuan: Mengetahui profil ekspresi mikroRNA pada pasien kanker payudara di Purwokerto dan mikroRNA yang mengalami disregulasi sebagai kandidat biomarker kanker payudara. Metode: Analisis profil ekspresi mikroRNA pada kanker payudara dilakukan dengan isolasi plasma dari pasien kanker payudara dan individu sehat, sintesis cDNA, dan kuantifikasi mikroRNA dengan quantitative real time PCR (qPCR). Kemudian dilakukan penghitungan dengan metode Livak untuk mengetahui mikroRNA yang mengalami peningkatan dan penurunan ekspresi yang signifikan. Hasil:  Biomarker kanker payudara di Purwokerto adalah MikroRNA yang mengalami upregulation adalah hsa-miR-543 (sebanyak 1612,28 kali), hsa-miR-495-3p (1797,95 kali), hsa-miR-382-5p (8780,32 kali), hsa-miR-155-5p (8552,18 kali) dan hsa-miR-154-5p (2339,41 kali). mikroRNA yang mengalami downregulation adalah hsa-miR-590-5p (sebanyak 4,70 kali), hsa-miR-33a-5p (sebanyak 74,29 kali), hsa-miR-100-5p (sebanyak 23,09 kali), hsa-miR-19b-3p (sebanyak 11,71 kali) dan hsa-miR-144-3p (sebanyak 25,30 kali) (p < 0,05). Simpulan: Biomarker yang dapat digunakan sebagai alat deteksi dan diagnostik dini kanker payudara di Purwokerto adalah miR-382-5p.Kata kunci: biomarker, kanker payudara, mikroRNA, qPC
Kemampuan Predasi Ikan Kepala Timah Aplocheilus panchax Jantan dan Betina Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti
Full text linkDemam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia sampai sekarang. Pemanfaatan ikan kepala timah (Aplocheilus panchax / A. panchax) sebagai pengendali vektor secara biologis bertujuan untuk memutus rantai penularan. Tujuan: Menentukan kemampuan predasi dan keefektifan ikan A. panchax jantan dan betina terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode post-test only design. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah larva yang dipredasi setiap lima menit hingga 20 larva habis termakan kemudian dianalisis dengan independent sample t-test untuk mengetahui rerata kemampuan predasi kedua kelompok ikan. Hasil: (1) ikan betina  memakan rerata 9.20 larva per lima menit sedangkan ikan jantan 7.40 larva per lima menit. (2) ikan betina paling cepat menghabiskan 20 larva nyamuk dalam waktu 6 menit 44 detik sedangkan ikan jantan 9 menit 8 detik. Simpulan: Ikan A. panchax betina lebih efektif dari yang jantan sehingga berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pengendalian vektor DBD.Kata kunci: aplocheilus panchax, aedes aegypti, DBD, pengendalian vekto
Deteksi dan Analisis Faktor Risiko Hipertensi pada Karyawan di Lingkungan Universitas Sriwijaya
Full text linkOffice workers are one group with a high proportion of hypertension compared to other types of work. Objectives: To determined the proportion of pre-hypertension, hypertension and risk factors for hypertension among employees in Sriwijaya University. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design at Sriwijaya University, and samples were taken from 4 faculties totaling 152 respondents. Sampling using cluster random sampling technique. Data were collected from September to October 2020. The analysis was carried out in univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis with logistic regression tests. Results: There were 13.2% of employees had hypertension, 40.8% had pre-hypertension, and the risk factor for hypertension among employees was age (p-value = 0.01; OR = 4.76; CI 1.50 <OR <15, 10) after controlling for the variables of the length of work, marriage status and cholesterol levels. Conclusion: There are more than 50% of employees are in a condition of pre-hypertension and hypertension, with age as the main risk; for this reason, employees who are 45 years old are expected to carry out routine health checks with the facilitation of the university and be able to implement the Dietary Approach to Stop hypertension in employees with pre-hypertension / hypertension.Keywords: Â DASH, hypertension, pre-hypertension, the risk facto
Efektifitas Metode William's Flexion dan Yoga Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Punggung Bawah pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III di Kota Tanjungpinang Tahun 2019
Full text linkNyeri punggung bawah pada kehamilan merupakan nyeri pada area lumbosacral. Hal ini sangat mengganggu aktivitas harian ibu hamil yang apabila tidak ditangani dapat menyebabkan kualitas hidup ibu hamil menjadi buruk. Beberapa terapi non farmakologis seperti latihan William’s flexion dan yoga dapat diupayakan mengatasi keluhan nyeri punggung bawah pada kehamilan.Tujuan: Menentukan efektifitas metode William’s flexion dan yoga terhadap intensitas nyeri punggung bawah pada ibu hamil trimester III di Kota Tanjungpinang tahun 2019. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen dengan two group pre test post test design terhadap 60 sampel yang terbagi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok William’s flexion dan yoga. Data dikumpulkan dari Agustus hingga Oktober 2019, kemudian diukur menggunakan skala ukur numerik . Analisis data menggunakan t-test dependent  dan  independent. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan uji rerata dalam tiap kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan hasil bermakna (p=0,000) dengan selisih rerata penurunan intensitas nyeri punggung bawah pada kelompok William’s flexion sebesar 1,27 dan kelompok yoga sebesar 2,50. Uji rerata antar kelompok perlakuan juga menunjukan hasil bermakna(p=0,000). Simpulan: Metode William’s flexion dan yoga efektif menurunkan intensitas nyeri punggung bawah.  Latihan yoga memberi penurunan intensitas nyeri lebih besar daripada latihan William’s flexion sehingga kedua metode ini bisa dipakai untuk mengatasi keluhan nyeri punggung bawah pada ibu hamil trimester III.Kata kunci: nyeri punggung bawah, William’s flexion, yog
Gambaran Castelli’s Risk Index-1 pada Pasien Sindrom Koroner Akut di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Full text linkAtherogenic dyslipidemia is one of the risk factors for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Castelli's risk index-1 (CRI-1) is one of which risk markers for ACS. Castelli's risk index-1 is the ratio of total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. The test is cheap and easy to do in the hospital setting. Objectives: To described CRI-1 in ACS patients in Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in the central laboratory and the CardioVascular Care Unit (CVCU) of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang from September 2017 to September 2018. The population was all ACS patients who have been diagnosed by the clinician. The samples were part of the population that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Colorimetric enzymatic method using automated clinical chemistry used to measure total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Results: This study used CRI-1> 4. Data were presented descriptively in a frequency distribution table. Seventy ACS patients were consisting of 50 (71.43%) males and 20 (28.57%) females, with a median age of 60.1 (8.93) years old. The median total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels were 178.66 (46.84) mg / dL respectively and 35.71 (10.86) mg / dL. CRI-1 mean is 5.43 (2.27). 81.43% CRI-1 subject results were more than four. Conclusion: The low levels of HDL cholesterol and within normal median total cholesterol level made CRI-1 value increased.Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome, Castelli’s risk index-
Malnutrisi Energi Protein Berat: Laporan Kasus
Full text linkABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Malnutrisi pada balita masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia dan erat kaitannya dengan perawatan rumah sakit. Laporan kasus ini ditulis untuk memberi gambaran mengenai kasus gizi buruk sehingga semakin ditingkatkannya perhatian terhadap gizi anak oleh para tenaga kesehatan di lapangan.Kasus: Anak perempuan berusia 12 bulan datang dengan keluhan sudah 1 bulan berat badan tidak bertambah dan nafsu makan berkurang. Keluhan disertai batuk dan pilek berulang serta demam. Ayah dan ibu merupakan keluarga dengan perekonomian menengah ke bawah sehingga anak hanya diberi makan seadanya. Pada pemeriksaan fisik, anak sadar, tampak sangat kurus dan sakit sedang, didapatkan berat badan menurut usia, panjang badan menurut usia, berat badan menurut panjang badan di bawah -3 SD grafik pertumbuhan WHO. Pemeriksaan toraks menunjukkan kecurigaan terhadap infeksi pada paru kanan. Hasil laboratorium menunjukkan anemia defisiensi besi dengan peningkatan CRP dan foto toraks memperlihatkan adanya infiltrat pada paru kanan. Anak dirawat di rumah sakit dengan pemberian terapi cairan, antibiotik, dan intervensi diet. Dalam 2 minggu keadaan anak menujukkan perbaikan yang bermakna dan dapat dipulangkan dengan memberi edukasi terkait gizi anak, perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, serta pentingnya imunisasi.Simpulan: Gizi buruk pada balita harus menjadi perhatian karena 1000 hari pertama kehidupan merupakan periode perkembangan otak yang paling pesat. Pemahaman yang baik oleh tenaga medis di lapangan mengenai gizi anak sangat diperlukan dalam rangka memberi edukasi kepada masyarakat untuk mengurangi angka kejadian gizi buruk pada balita Indonesia.Kata kunci: Gizi buruk, balita, edukasi ABSTRACTIntroduction: Malnutrition in toddlers is still a problem in Indonesia and is related to hospitalization. This case is written to give an overview about severe malnutrition in children so that we, as healthcare workers will be more aware to children’s nutrition.Case: Twelve – month – old baby girl came with chief complaint of difficulty in gaining weight. This complaint was accompanied by reduced appetite and fever with repeated cough and cold. Her parents were from middle – to low – income family so this baby wasn’t fed well. On examination, she looked extremely thin. She was alert with weight – for – age, height – for – age, and weight – for – height <3 Z – score WHO growth chart. Thoracal examinations showed abnormalities on right chest. Laboratory findings showed anemia hypochromic microcytic and increased CRP. Chest radiograph showed infiltrates on right lung. She was hospitalized and treated with fluid therapy, antibiotic, and diet intervention. After 2 weeks, her conditions improved and she was discharged. Her parents were educated about feeding practices in children, hygiene, and the importance of immunization.Conclusion: Malnutrition in toddlers has to be a concern because the first 1000 days are the most dramatic phase of neurobehavioral development. Understanding children’s nutrition is essential to all healthcare workers in order to decrease the incidence of malnutrition in Indonesia.Keywords: Malnutrition, children, educatio
Gambaran Indeks Eritrosit pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisis di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan
Full text linkChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) will cause anemia which can lead to death. CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy can also experience anemia. Therefore, it is necessary to check the erythrocyte index consisting of Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) to determine the type of anemia so that appropriate therapy can be given. Objectives: To determined the description of the erythrocyte index in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Methods: This research used the descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. The study population was all CKD patients who underwent hemodialysis at the Adam Malik General Hospital Medan period July 2018 until June  2019 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria (total sampling) using medical record data. Results: From 149 study samples, 92 people (61.7%) were male, 57 people were female (38.3%), more in the age range of 55-64 years, hemoglobin (Hb) on average in low grades (98.9% men, 94.7% women), and erythrocyte index (MCV, MCH, MCHC) averages in the normal range. Conclusion: The description of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis at H. Adam Malik General Hospital in July 2018 - June 2019, in general, is normochromic normocytic anemia.Keywords:  CKD, erythrocyte index, Hb, hemodialysi
Hubungan antara Profil Lipid dengan Kejadian Retinopati Diabetika pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama Klinik Tanjung Purwokerto
Full text linkDiabetic retinopathy is a major microvascular complication due to diabetes mellitus (DM) and prolonged hyperglycemia. One of the risk factors for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy is lipid profile levels in DM patients. Objectives: To determined the relationship between lipid profile and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in DM patients who follow the Chronic Disease Management Program at the  first level health facilities Klinik Tanjung Purwokerto. Methods: The number of respondents in this study was 49 people. The independent variables assessed were lipid profiles, including levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL. The dependent variable is the incidence of diabetic retinopathy determined by an ophthalmologist. Statistical analysis to determine the relationship between lipid profile and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy used the Chi-square test and calculated the odds ratio (OR). Results: The results showed that there was no relationship between levels of total cholesterol (p=0.586), triglycerides (p=1), and LDL (0.719) with the incidence of diabetic retinopathy. The statistical analysis results of the relationship between HDL levels and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy were known to have a p-value = 0.046 (OR 4.83; 95% CI 1.23-18.98). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between HDL levels and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 DM patients at the FKTP Klinik Tanjung Purwokerto. DM patients with abnormal HDL levels are 4.83 times more likely to develop diabetic retinopathy than DM patients whose HDL levels are normal.Keywords: diabetes mellitus,  lipid profile, diabetic retinopath
Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara Tentang Kanker Serviks
Full text linkCervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. It can be prevented by HPV vaccination, pap smears examination, or avoidance of risk factors for cervical cancer. Objectives. To determined the level of knowledge, attitude and behavior about cervical cancer among students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Methods: This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Results: The highest percentage level of knowledge about cervical cancer and cervical cancer prevention was in a good category, 55 people (57.3%) and people (74%), respectively. In the category of attitudes towards cervical cancer prevention, the most common attitudes found were positive among as many as 96 people (100%). The behavior toward cervical cancer prevention, neutral behavior was the most common (82 people, 85.4%), followed by positive behavior (14 people, 14.6%) and negative behavior. Conclusion: Knowledge of cervical cancer is in a good category, knowledge of cervical cancer prevention is in a good category, and the attitude towards prevention of cervical cancer is in a positive category. The behavior toward cervical cancer prevention is in the neutral category.Keywords: Â attitudes, behavior, cervical cancer, preventio
Hubungan Antara Nilai Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) dengan Kadar Procalcitonin (PCT) pada Pasien COVID-19 di Kabupaten Jember
Full text linkThe neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and Procalcitonin (PCT) are biomarkers that represent inflammatory activity and immune status as predictors for the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. NLR values and PCT levels are positively correlated with the severity of COVID-19, but the relationship between the two biomarkers is unclear. Objectives: To analyzed the correlation between NLR values and PCT levels in COVID-19 patients in Jember Regency. Methods: This cross-sectional analytic observational study, conducted from March to April 2022, took data from 444 confirmed COVID-19 patients at the Jember Clinic Plantation Hospital. Secondary data were obtained from medical records of inpatients for the period January–December 2021. Results: The average NLR value was 8.58, while the average PCT level was 0.43 ng/mL. The results of the Spearman Correlation Analysis showed a positive correlation between NLR values and PCT levels in COVID-19 patients in the Jember Regency with a p-value = 0.00 and a moderate degree of correlation with an r count of 0.41. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between NLR values and PCT levels for COVID-19 patients in Jember Regency. It is necessary to carry out routine NLR and PCT examinations to consider predictors of disease severity and prognosis in COVID-19 patients.Keywords:  COVID-19, NLR, PC