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Information Needs and Information Seeking Behaviour of Secondary School Students in Mysore North Block: A Study
Get PDFSchool libraries store the energy that enlightens and
empowers the creative minds of students. As the COVID-19
outbreak has put up a bar on going outside, school libraries
play a unique role in the process of providing students access to knowledge. In the present Internet era, students can visit a library without leaving home. Current research assesses how students utilize and perceive their school library to access knowledge. To examine the questionnaire survey was developed to collect data from 200 secondary school students in Mysore North block and an overall 194 questionnaires were received and the response rate was 97 percent. The findings of the study inferred that the intensification of the internet has helped students to access various educational resources for their academic and individual information improvement. Notable findings from the study offered insights into professional librarians to initiate library orientation programs to make students and teachers aware of the library resources and services in the knowledge society of the 21st century
Hard and Invisible Bricks in the Wall: An Empirical Investigation on Gender, Caste, and Health Among Migrant Brick Workers in South India
Get PDFThe current cross-sectional study is on the pathetic and excruciating conditions of employees in the brick industry conducted using a mixed-method approach in selected kilns from the four Districts of Karnataka State, South India. India is the country producing the highest number of bricks after China. Economic coercion is pushing the massive poor, especially the women labourers to engage in hard physical labour to survive. This study has explored that labourers in the brick industry are being exploited and excluded in voluminous ways. Caste plays a predominant role while hiring, wage fixation, and assigning the job at kilns. Women labour is being devalued in the name of the traditional and irrational social construction of gender. Sexual exploitations, low payment, restless work, harassment, absence of labour laws, are common here. It is found that rigid intergenerational occupational mobility into unorganised sectors among lower-caste people, as well as intra/intra-community social networks, among brick workers, are being called into question. We conclude that this is the time to think about the ‘National Register of Interstate Migrants’ and ‘National Mission to the Brick Industry’ in the context of the post-economic situation of COVID-19
Immunity Elicitors for Induced Resistance against the Downy Mildew Pathogen in Pearl Millet
Get PDFPearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is a globally important cereal whose production is severely constrained by downy mildew caused by Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc.). In this study, immunity eliciting properties of 3,5-dichloroanthranilic acid (DCA), Cell Wall Glucan (CWG), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and Glycinebetaine (GB) was deciphered through enzymatic and protein studies based on elicitor treatment activated defense mechanisms. Glycinebetaine, LPS, CWS and DCA elicited enzyme activities and gene expression of the defense enzymes, such as β-1,3-glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), lipoxygenase (LOX) and defense protein hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs). However, the speed and the extent of elicitation differed. High levels of enzyme activities and gene expression in elicitor-treated P. glaucum positively correlated with the increased downy mildew resistance. A very rapid and large changes in elicitor-treated seedlings, in contrast to the delayed, smaller changes in the untreated susceptible control seedlings suggests that the rate and magnitude of defense gene expression are important for effective manifestation of defense against pathogen. As compared to other elicitors and control, GB promoted increase in enzyme activities and gene expression, implicating that GB is a promising elicitor of downy mildew resistance in P. glaucu
First report of 16SrII group (Peanut witches' Broom) Phytoplasmas associated with the Leucas aspera Phyllody in India
No full textLeucas aspera (Wild.) Linn. (Family: Lamiaceae) is a commonly found weed throughout India, known for its pharmacological properties. Its white flowers and leaves are used in many Ayurvedic formulations for the treatment of chronic rheumatism, psoriasis, snake bites and skin eruptions (Prajapathi et al., 2010). During a survey of commercial flower crop fields in May 2018, a few L. aspera plants, growing as unwanted weeds in the fields and surrounding agricultural wastelands with the symptoms of phyllody, virescence and little leaves were observed in Emmekoppalu (12.2106, 76.2511; n= 1/26 plants) and Beerihundi (12.1630, 76.3225; n= 2/59 plants) localities of Mysuru district, and Srirangapatna in Mandya district (12.2541, 76.411; 1/67 plants), Karnataka- India(Figure 1). 'n' denotes the symptomatic/ asymptomatic samples observed. The disease incidence in the surveyed localities ranged less than four per cent. The total genomic DNA was extracted from the leaf midrib tissues of three representative symptomatic and two asymptomatic samples using the CTAB method. The phytoplasma 16S rRNA gene was amplified in nested PCR assay by P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2 primers using Long Amplification (LA) Taq polymerase (Takara, Japan). Additionally, the PCR assays were performed for the amplification of phytoplasma secA gene using the primers SecAfor1/SecArev3 and SecAfor2/SecArev3 (Hodgetts et al., 2008). The DNA templates from all the symptomatic samples generated amplicons of approximately 1.25kb (16S rRNA gene) and 480 bp (secA gene) revealing the association of phytoplasma strains. No amplifications were observed for the asymptomatic L. aspera samples. The obtained 16S rRNA gene sequences (MN223676, MT807111 and MZ093053) showed 97.96, 98.37 and 98.18 % sequence identity, respectively; with the 'Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia', strain 'WBDL (U15442) using EzBiocloud database. The NCBI-BLAST analysis revealed maximum identity to various Peanut witches' Broom (PWB) phytoplasma strains. The virtual RFLP tool, iPhyClassifier delineated the Leucas phyllody phytoplasma strains (MN223676, MT807111 and MZ093053) to group 16SrII (PWB, Peanut Witches' broom group) subgroup D with the similarity coefficient 1.0 (Zhao et al. 2009). The obtained secA gene sequences (MZ151944, MZ151945 and MZ151946) were 98.15 to 100 % similar to the strain sequences of PWB phytoplasma strains. Further, the clustering pattern in the phylogenetic trees (16S rRNA and secA genes) constructed using MEGA 7 confirmed that the Leucas phyllody phytoplasma sequences were closely related to PWB strains. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the association of 16SrII-D subgroup phytoplasma with the phyllody disease of L. aspera. In India, many weeds and wild plants serve as alternative hosts of PWB phytoplasmas and aid in the emergence of related diseases in economically important crops (Thorat et al., 2016; Thorat et al., 2017). The close genetic association of phytoplasma strains found in L. aspera and many other crops indicates the presence of common insect vector(s) transmitting these phytoplasmas (Yadav et al. 2015). This report is an addition to the catalogue of the weed species harboring phytoplasma strains associated with economically important crop plants (Rao et al., 2017). The screening of phytoplasma strains in weeds, alternate hosts and known/ unknown insect vectors is therefore essential to develop management strategies and effective management of phytophagous insect vectors feeding on both weeds and crop plants
Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis and Long Short-Term Memory Classifier for Automatic Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease using MRI Brain Images
Get PDFAutomatic detection of Alzheimer’s disease using magnetic resonance imaging is a hard task, due to the complexity and variability of the size, location, texture, and shape of the lesions. The objective of this study is to propose a proper feature dimensional reduction and classifier to improve the performance of Alzheimer’s disease detection. At first, the brain images are acquired from Open Access Series of Imaging Studies and National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences databases. Then, contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization and normalization technique are applied for improving the visual ability of the collected raw images. Next, discrete wavelet transform is used to transform the denoised images in order to extract the feature vectors, and probabilistic principal component analysis algorithm is developed to decrease the dimension of the extracted features that effectively lessen the “curse of dimensionality” concern. At last, long short-term memory classifier is used for classifying the brain images as Alzheimer’s disease, normal, and mild cognitive impairment. From the simulation result, the proposed system obtained better performance compared with the existing systems and showed 3–11% improvement in recognition accuracy
Amplified eccentric connectivity index of graphs
Get PDFA new distance based graphical index, coined as ampli ed eccentric connec- tivity index, has been established and the formulae to calculate the ampli ed eccentric connectivity index of some standard graphs, Dutch windmill graph and molecular graph of cycloalkenes has been computed. Also, in the case of boiling points of primary and secondary amines, the study shows that the ampli ed eccentric connectivity index gives a greater correlation of 98%, when compared to the Wiener and Eccentric connectivity indices
Capital Structure Decisions of Listed Firms in Transport Equipment Industry in India
Get PDFAims: The study predominantly attempts to examine the capital structure decisions of listed firms in
Transport Equipment Industry by analyzing the relationship between leverage and profitability.
Study Design: Descriptive research design is used to describe the characteristics of the firms
belonging to industry. The study envisages an extensive use of data extracted from professional
database CMIE prowess and from reports Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation,
Annual Survey of Industries and Satista.
Place and Duration of Study: The sample for the study consists of all listed firms National Stock
Exchange (NSE) affiliated under Transport equipment Industry (CMIE classification). There were
totally 86 firms as on 31st March 2018. The relevant data sets are retrieved for a period of 10 years
(2008-2018). Thus, a panel data of 860 different observations were considered for study
Actinomycetes mediated microwave-assisted synthesis of nanoselenium and its biological activities
No full textSelenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), an essential trace element are known to be nontoxic with excellent biocompatibility and bioavailability among other selenium compounds. Considering the potential benefits as well as toxic effects of the SeNPs regarding dosage, it is important to evaluate the biomedical efficacy of the functional SeNPs with great care. The current investigation involves the synthesis of SeNPs using culture supernatant of Nocardia concava through microwave-assisted synthesis method. The formation of SeNPs was confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy at 570 nm. The XRD spectrum confirmed the monoclinic crystalline phase of the synthesized SeNPs. FTIR spectra depicted the possible functional groups such as hydroxyl and hydrocarbon groups involved in the reduction. EDX micrographs showed strong Se signals at 2 KeV regions. The zeta potential of the synthesized SeNPs was found to be 6.5 mV which confirms good stability in water. SEM micrograph confirmed the spherical nature of the SeNPs. Good antimicrobial efficacy was reported for Xanthomonas campestris MTCC 2286 and Vibrio harveyi MTCC 7954 with a MIC of 1.625 mu g/ml and 3.25 mu g/ml concentration respectively. Also, they showed strong antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay (IC50 = 31.26 mu g/ml) and ABTS assay (IC50 = 35.7 mu g/ml). Remarkable cytotoxic activity was observed against MDAMB 231 and U87MG cancer cells with an IC50 value of 119 mu g/ml and 65.8 mu g/ml respectively whereas, mild toxicity was observed in the case of HT-29 cell lines. This is the first report on the synthesis of SeNPs from Nocardia concava and specifically by a microwave-assisted method. Synthesized SeNPs displayed unique properties that can be used in diverse biomedical applications
High-risk genes involved in common septal defects of congenital heart disease
No full textThe septation defect is one of the main categories of congenital heart disease (CHD). They can affect the septation of the atria leading to atrial septal defect (ASD), septation of ventricles leading to ventricular septal defect (VSD), and formation of the central part of the heart leading to atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). Disruption of critical genetic factors involved in the proper development of the heart structure leads to CHD manifestation. Because of this, to identify the high-risk genes involved in common septal defects, a comprehensive search of the literature with the help of databases and the WebGestalt analysis tool was performed. The high-risk genes identified in the analysis were checked in 16 Indian whole-exome sequenced samples, including 13 VSD and three Tetralogy of Fallot for in silico validation. This data revealed three variations in GATA4, i.e., c.C1223A at exon 6: c.C602A and c.C1220A at exon 7; and one variation in MYH6, i.e., c.G3883C at exon 28 in two VSD cases. This study supports previously published studies that suggested GATA4 and MYH6 as the high-risk genes responsible for septal defects. Thus, this study contributes to a better understanding of the genes involved in heart development by identifying the high-risk genes and interacting proteins in the pathway
Garlic Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles as Antifungal Agents against Magnaporthe oryzae
Get PDFBackground: Plant elements such as carbohydrates, lipids, flavonoids, polyphenols, enzymes, terpenoids, and alkaloids are used as reducing substance in the green production of silver nanoparticles. The strategy proved to be highly straightforward, cost-effective, and practical. Materials and Methods: The synthesis of nanoparticles was validated using optical inspection, in which the yellow colour solution became brown. UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR analysis, and SEM were used to further characterise the material. Results: Transmission electron microscopy have shown that the silver nanoparticles size was between 10-46 nm (SEM). Size of silver nanoparticles was found to be between 10-46nm approximately as determined by transmission electron microscopy (SEM). Well diffusion method demonstrated the antifungal activity of AgNPs on Magnaporthe oryzae with the zone of inhibition of 5 and 11mm when 12.5 and 25 mu g/ml of AgNPs was used respectively. Lowest inhibitory concentration was found to be 5.2. Conclusion: The leakage of reducing sugars and proteins was used to explore the mode of action of nanoparticles' antifungal activity, indicating that AgNPs were able to reduce membrane permeability