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Nanoindentation of solution combustion based nanosized metal oxide nanoparticles and derived polyvinyl alcohol/NaCl/metal oxide nanocomposites
No full textThe Metal oxide nanoparticles, used as fillers in polymer matrices have resulted in remarkable changes in the physio-chemical properties of the resulting polymer nanocomposites. The zinc oxide (ZnO), cobalt oxide (Co3O4) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized using solution combustion synthesis. Mechanical properties of the polymer nanocomposites prepared by solvent casting were examined by a nanoindentation technique and they are found to exhibit a notable decrease in the elastic modulus and hardness. The plastic deformation in the polymer nanocomposites occur at a lower indentation depth compared to the pristine PVA indicating that the nanocomposites are more ductile than the host polymer. © 2023 Author(s)
The human factor: results of a small-angle scattering data analysis round robin
No full textA round-robin study has been carried out to estimate the impact of the human element in small-angle scattering data analysis. Four corrected datasets were provided to participants ready for analysis. All datasets were measured on samples containing spherical scatterers, with two datasets in dilute dispersions and two from powders. Most of the 46 participants correctly identified the number of populations in the dilute dispersions, with half of the population mean entries within 1.5 and half of the population width entries within 40. Due to the added complexity of the structure factor, far fewer people submitted answers on the powder datasets. For those that did, half of the entries for the means and widths were within 44 and 86, respectively. This round-robin experiment highlights several causes for the discrepancies, for which solutions are proposed. © 2023 International Union of Crystallography. All rights reserved
Development of tellurium/cerium bimetallic nanoparticles using biological method and their detection and degradation of keratin
No full textIn the present investigation, a novel eco-friendly synthesis of TeCe BNPs is fabricated from Cinnamomum camphora-mediated leaf extract. Biofabricated TeCe BNPs mediated by C. Camphora are characterized by various studies, such as UV–visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, HR-TEM, AFM, and XPS. The surface morphology of bioactive TeCe BNPs is visualized through SEM and AFM studies. The average particle size of TeCe BNPs is found to be 103 nm, with a zeta potential of 0.3, which confirms the stability and dispersive nature of BNPs. The decrease in absorption intensity with an increase in light irradiation reveals the primary degradation of keratin. FTIR studies confirm the formation of a disulfide band in the region of, 1115 cm−1. Furthermore, an electrochemical biosensor based on C.Camphora mediated TeCe BNPs modified glassy carbon electrode was developed for the determination of keratin under optimal conditions. The biosensor exhibits a linear response in the potential range of 0.9–1.0 μm, with a limit of detection of 0.0562 μm and a detection limit of 4.8951E−4. © 2023 Elsevier B.V
A review on Gardenia gummifera: a miracle tree
No full textIntroduction: The present article is a comprehensive review of Gardenia gummifera, a well-known traditional Indian medicinal plant with various benefits. This tree is a type of deciduous plant that falls under the Rubiaceae family. This family is one of the largest groups of flowering plants, making it the fourth-largest in the world. Additionally, this tree has been used for both medicinal and culinary purposes, in addition to its medicinal significance. This review also brings a new perspective in all aspects and emphasises the importance of these species. Methodology: For the most part, electronic data sets were utilised as the essential hotspots for screening related articles and applying related search terms. Results: To date, G. gummifera have no or little attention and few phytochemical and pharmacological studies. Previous phytochemical investigations have confirmed an array of chemical compounds, including the dikamaliartanes A–F, eight new cycloartane triterpenes 1, 6, 8 and 10. Two well-known triterpenes (cycloartenone and 25-hydroxycycloart-23-en-3-one) and three other substances. Conclusion: The literature available to date on G. gummifera confirms the basis for some of the traditional uses and its remarkable pharmacological effects. The G. gummifera has proven to be a good source of triterpenes, especially dikamaliartanes. However, the uses of G. gummifera to treat various diseases need different pharmacological studies before applying or starting clinical trials. © 2023 Elsevier Gmb
Analysis of Artificial Intelligence in Traffic Congestion and Management System
No full textThe management of road traffic has undergone a radical change as a result of the quick development of artificial
intelligence (AI). The movement of people, things, cars, and cargo at various points on the transportation network may now be predicted and controlled by AI with remarkable accuracy. AI is making it feasible to prevent accidents by optimising flows at crossings and enhancing safety during times when roads are closed due to construction or other activities, in addition to offering citizens better service than ever before. Furthermore, efficient mass transit, like ride-sharing services, has been made possible by AI's capacity to process and analyse enormous volumes of data. Then how is road traffic management being revolutionised by AI? The study uses secondary data for analysis of the present study. This study is limited to automated vehicles including Taxis, Buses, Delivery vans or drones Trains, Commercial aircraft etc.
Fabrication of 1D graphene nanoribbon and malenized linseed oil-based nanocomposite: a highly impervious bio-based anti-corrosion coating material for mild steel
Get PDFGraphene nanoribbon (GNR) is a flat ribbon-like 1D nanomaterial of graphene family rarely explored in the development of anti-corrosion coatings. In the present work, a bio-based anti-corrosion coating was fabricated using GNR as nanofiller in malenized linseed oil (MLO) polymer network. MLO polymer network was first prepared from commercially available linseed oil by malenization reaction at 80 degrees C using maleic anhydride. Later, GNR was synthesized from multiwalled carbon nanotube by oxidative unzipping method and incorporated into MLO polymer network to obtain the bio-based MLO-GNR nanocomposite. The as-prepared MLO and MLO-GNR coating materials were spin coated onto bare mild steel samples and cured at 80 degrees C for 24 h. The morphology and surface characteristics of coatings were studied by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Further, the anti-corrosion behaviour of bare and coated MS samples was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance methods in a 3.5% NaCl medium. Among the samples, MLO-GNRcoated samples exhibited a high level of corrosion inhibition in the saline medium compared to uncoated MS sample as the damages and destruction activity were more on its surface than their counterparts. MLO-GNR nanocomposite coating exhibited robust corrosion resistance activity and showed 99.9% protection efficiency. Further, the MLO-GNR coating displayed higher stability in the saline medium as well as open-air environment establishing that the flat GNR molecule acts as excellent nanofiller in MLO polymer network to produce robust anti-corrosion activity leading to protection of mild steel. GRAPHICS]
In-silico docking, synthesis, structure analysis, DFT calculations and energy frameworks of metal complexes to regress angiogenesis activity
No full textAngiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels and capillaries from pre-existing blood vessels. In general, it plays an important role in the development of tumors, as tumors never grow beyond 2 to 3 mm without angiogenesis processes which supply the essential nutrient to the tumor. Therefore, blocking the angiogenesis process is one of the promising strategies to inhibit cancer cell growth. Metals are essential for several biochemical reactions in living organisms. It is a cellular component selected by nature to function in many biological processes. Metal complexes show a broad range of pharmacological activity and considerable efforts are made for the development of metal complexes as drugs. Encouraged by this information, the metal complexes of Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), Zinc(II), Cadmium(II), and Copper(II) derivative of N, N' Bis-(3,4,5-trimethoxy benzylidene)-benzene-1,2-diamine have been synthesized from o-phenylene diamine in the alcoholic medium. The metal complexes (M-1-M-5) were characterized using different techniques like H-1 NMR, Fourier-transform infrared spectral data, mass spectral data, thermo gravimetric studies, magnetic susceptibility data, molar conductance, ESR, and micro-elemental analysis. The result obtained from the characterization results reveals that all the metal complexes (M-1-M-5) obtained were square planar except one which was octahedral configuration. The DNA binding, cleavage and anti-angiogenesis activity shown by the complexes (M-1-M-5) were significantly better than the ligand. Also, complexes M-2 and M-3 showed the highest anti-angiogenic activity and decreasing intensity of lane as compared with other synthetic complexes. In-silico docking simulations predicted the anti-angiogenesis activity of the complexes against homo sapiens of VEGFR-2 and exhibited prominent interactions at the active site pocket region. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) was applied to calculate HOMO-LUMO, energy gap, and other parameters under PBE1PBE functional with lanl2dz basis sets. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Differential expression of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein genes in response to drug-induced stress
No full textHeat shock proteins are essential in maintaining cellular protein function, especially during stress. Their influence in managing drug-induced stress in Tuberculosis is not clearly understood. Aims: Study the expression of select genes of the DnaK/ClpB chaperone network to evaluate their role in stress response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates during exposure to Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RIF). Methods: Sanger sequencing to detect drug-resistant mutations followed by Drug Susceptibility Testing and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration determination. Culturing the bacilli in vitro, exposed to 1/4, 1/2 and 1 x MIC, and RNA quantification of dnaK, dnaJ1, grpE and clpB genes by using Real-time PCR. Results: Susceptible isolates showed marginal down-regulation of two genes for INH, whereas all genes underexpressed against RIF. INH-resistant isolates had distinct expression profiles for inhA-15 and katG315 mutants. RIF-resistant bacilli did not have significant differential expression. MDR isolate showed up-regulation of all the four genes, with two genes over-expressing (>= 4-fold). Conclusions: We observed characteristic gene expression profiles for each isolate in response to lethal and sublethal doses of INH and RIF. This provides insight into the role of DnaK/ClpB chaperone network in managing drug-induced stress and facilitating resistance. Further, the knowledge could provide targets for new drugs and augmenters
Syntheses and crystal structures of 4-(4-methoxyphenyl) piperazin-1-ium 4-methylbenzoate monohydrate and bis[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1- ium] benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate
No full textCo-crystallization of N-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine with 4-methylbenzoic acid and with benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid yields the salts 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-ium 4-methylbenzoate monohydrate, C11H17N2O+·C8H7O2−·H2O (I), and bis[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-ium] benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate, 2C11H17N2O+·C8H4O42− (II). These salts both crystallize with Z′ = 2, in space groups P[\overline{1}] and Pna21, respectively. In compound (I), a combination of four O—H⋯O, four N—H⋯O, one C—H⋯O and one C—H⋯π(arene) hydrogen bonds link the six independent components into complex sheets, within which the two piperazine rings, the two anions, and the two water molecules are related by an approximate, non-crystallographic translation along the b-axis direction. In compound (II), sheets containing R44(18) and R1012(38) rings are formed by the combined action of eight independent N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Comparisons are made with the structures of some related compounds