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The Fourth World Approaches to International Law: A Cursory Glance
Get PDFThe questions of Fourth Worlds are still not widely discussed in philosophical perspectives, even though a Third-World interpretation of international law is an established and thriving theme. The segmentation of the world community along economic, political, and ideological lines is referred to as the "Fourth World." It is an exegetical evolution of the "Three Worlds" theory. The study uses doctrinal research methods and literature from the "Third World" to spotlight the "Fourth World." under international law. This article aims to highlight the similarities and differences between third- and fourth-world people’s experiences and expectations under international law
The International Legal Status of Afghanistan’s Ambassadors Representing a Defunct Government
No full textThis study explores the international legal status of
Afghan ambassadors representing a defunct government and the complexities it entails for diplomatic recognition and authority. It focuses on clarifying how Afghan embassies function without a chain of command after the collapse of the previous government. The paper emphasizes the diplomatic
actions of Afghan embassies in countries like the USA and India, as well as their engagement with international organizations such as the United Nations. It also discusses the challenges faced by diplomats representing a dissolved government and examines the diplomatic engagement of the Taliban. The study concludes by presenting the current
scenario of diplomatic relations in Afghanistan,
considering the unique challenges faced by the
defunct government's representatives. Lastly, it
delves into the concept of virtual embassies and
consulates and their relevance in the modern
diplomatic landscape
The Convolution of Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property Rights
Get PDFAs Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to advance and generate unique works independently, the question of whether AI should be granted intellectual property (IP) rights has become a subject of intense debate. This paper explores the advantages of extending IP rights to AI and examines the feasibility of effectively enforcing these rights. It delves into the prevailing skepticism surrounding AI's eligibility for IP rights and how existing statutes worldwide reflect this skepticism. By examining the evolving landscape of AI and its impact on the traditional notions of authorship and ownership, this research aims to shed light on the ownership dilemma and the implications of granting IP rights to AI creations. The pros and cons of this tryst between AI and IPR are analyzed, inviting further discussion and considerations for the future of intellectual property in the era of AI. Henceforth, this article aims to explore the reasons why granting IP rights to AI would be advantageous and, if such rights are granted, how they can be effectively enforced. The study draws on relevant literature to address these aspects comprehensively and provide insights into this complex issue
Dielectric and conductivity study of salt-doped HPMC solid polymer electrolyte films
No full textThis study reports the solid polymer electrolyte films of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) doped with different sodium bromide (NaBr) salt concentrations. The test samples were prepared using the solution cast method, and their structural characterization was done using XRD, SEM, and FTIR. Sharp crystalline peaks of pure NaBr salt disappeared completely in all the HPMC:NaBr polymer electrolyte systems revealing the reduced crystallinity, which greatly influences the dielectric and conductivity of the polymer electrolytes. Fourier transform infrared spectral (FTIR) reports subjected to vibrational changes that appeared due to the result of dopant salt in the host polymer. The samples were analyzed using a pc-based impedance analyzer (Wayne Kerr 6510B) in the frequency scale of 50 Hz to 1 MHz. As the frequency increases, the constant dielectric declines, and the AC electrical conductivity rises. The AC conductivity curves in the high-frequency area follow the Jonscher Power Law. The electrolyte's non-Debye behavior was supported by its relaxation time and dielectric property. According to the reported polymer electrolyte systems, the distribution of relaxation time is influenced by the presence of conducting ions in an amorphous formation. All assessed outcomes of these polymer electrolytes are assuring their use for electrochemical cell drives. © 2022 by the authors
A new triazolyl-indolo-quinoxaline induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by abrogating the STAT3/5 pathway through upregulation of PTPεC
No full textSignal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and STAT5 are the transcription factors that have been studied extensively in relevance to the development of cancers in humans. Suppression of either STAT3 or STAT5-mediated signaling events has been demonstrated to be effective in inducing cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Herein, new hybrids of triazolyl-indolo-quinoxaline are synthesized and examined for their effect on the activation of STAT3 and STAT5 pathways in gastric cancer (GC) cells. Among the newly synthesized compounds, 2,3-difluoro-6-((1-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)methyl)-6H-indolo2,3-bquinoxaline (DTI) displayed selective cytotoxicity against GC cells over their normal counterpart. Flow cytometric analysis, annexin-V-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay, live and dead assay, and caspase activation experiments suggested DTI as a potent inducer of apoptosis. The mechanistic approach revealed that DTI imparts cytotoxicity via downregulating the phosphorylation of STAT3Y705 and STAT5Y694/699. DTI significantly reduced the nuclear pool of STAT3/STAT5 and reduced the DNA interaction ability of STAT3/STAT5 as evidenced by immunofluorescence and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Further investigation revealed that inhibitory effects towards STAT proteins were mediated through the suppression of upstream kinases such as JAK1, JAK2, and Src. Treatment of GC cells with pervanadate counteracted the DTI-driven STAT3/STAT5 inhibition suggesting the involvement of tyrosine phosphatase. Upon DTI exposure, there was a significant upregulation in the mRNA and protein expression of PTPεC, which is a negative regulator of the JAK-STAT pathway. Knockdown of PTPεC suppressed the DTI-induced STATs inhibition in GC cells. Taken together, triazolyl-indolo-quinoxaline is presented as a new inhibitor of the STAT3/STAT5 pathway in GC cells. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Awareness About Reproductive and Child Health Services Among Malekudiya Women in Dakshina Kannada District of Karnataka State
Get PDFAim of this paper is to present findings of the study conducted to understand the level of awareness among women belonging to Malekudiya tribe regarding Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) services available to them so that some intervention to increase their awareness level could be thought of. This descriptive study was undertaken to study the awareness about different aspects of RCH as well as the RCH services of Malekudiya women of reproductive age group and who had child less than five years of age during the time of data collection. Primary data for the study was collected from 280 eligible Malekudiya women to understand their socio- demographic details, level of understanding of RCH and RCH services
Writing An Effective Legal Research Proposal: Standard Synopsis Format for Socio-Legal Research
Get PDFA research synopsis serves as a concise outline of a researcher thesis or research project, providing an overview of the research problems, objectives, methodology, and data collection methods. It is an essential step in the process of writing a thesis, research article, or abstract, as it helps a researcher clarify a researcher research direction and identify any gaps or overlooked factors. Developing a synopsis in consultation with a researcher r guide or
subject expert is crucial. By using clear and unambiguous language, a well-prepared synopsis maintains focus, reduces the tediousness of research work, and ensures comprehensive coverage of relevant aspects. The specific format for writing a synopsis may vary between research centers or disciplines, and it is important to adhere to the
guidelines provided by a researcher r Institute and Ph.D.
regulations. The complete synopsis typically ranges from 3000 to 4500 words, excluding appendices
Formulating Research Problems: Building the Foundation for Reflective Scientific Inquiry
Get PDFThe formulation of research problems is a cornerstone of reflective thinking in scientific inquiry. This process transforms issues into clear questions, laying the groundwork for research and guiding researchers in contributing to knowledge. Originating from "Proballein," research problems embody an inquisitive approach, motivating investigation. To qualify as research problems, they must meet criteria like significance, relevance, practicality, and originality. Identifying problems leads to focused research directions, while literature review offers context. Problems arise from various sources, like personal experiences, real-world issues, or gaps in prior research. Selecting problems involves factors such as creativity, objectives, and societal relevance. Formulating research problems is a compass that fosters curiosity and collective enlightenment, even in resource-limited times
Copyright or Copyleft: Copyright or Copywrong: What is the Dichotomy?
Get PDFThis article first examines the many factors that
the licensor takes into account when deciding
how stringent of a licence to issue. It draws
attention to the wide range of motives that
could influence licence decision-making. The
article goes on to say that when works have a
strong appeal to the community of opensource contributors. For instance, when
contributors stand to significantly benefit from
signalling incentives or when the licences are
well-trusted, permissive licences will be more
common. The restrictive ones will be shared
when the demand is more brittle. It should be
noted that these licences are intricate legal
contracts that haven't been put to the test in
court. There are still many questions
concerning how to interpret them.
Whether the licence stipulates that the source
code must be made publicly available when
changed versions of the software are
distributed, such a clause is occasionally
referred to as a "copyleft" clause. Whether the
licence prohibits the infringement of music. In
this article, the study highlights the dichotomy
of copyright and copywrong with music
infringement and copyleft and copyright in the
digital system and open and free software
A New Paradigm of Artificial Intelligence to Disabilities
No full textMany of us believe that artificial intelligence is an abstract, far - off concept that we can only witness in science fiction movies with humanoid robots and holograms. It is, nevertheless, becoming more and more rooted in our world and is reaching other professions and demographics, including those with impairments. Accessibility and inclusion have been revolutionised by artificial intelligence! The quality of life for people with impairments has significantly improved because of AI technology solutions. The present study is designed to flag up the implication of AI to differently - abled persons