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An Efficient Baseline Restoration Circuit for Real-Time Impedance Cardiography: FPGA-based Calibration with Multi-Sensor Integration
No full text435-444Impedance Cardiography (ICG) is a widely used non-invasive technique for cardiovascular monitoring; however,
baseline drift due to respiratory and motion artifacts presents a persistent challenge. This paper introduces an efficient
baseline restoration circuit tailored for real-time artifact suppression in ICG signals, prioritizing low latency and optimal
power consumption. The circuit leverages a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for responsive processing, coupled
with a microcontroller-based adaptive calibration algorithm that dynamically adjusts based on real-time input from
accelerometers and gyroscopes. This multisensory fusion enables precise differentiation between motion-induced and
respiratory artifacts, significantly enhancing drift correction accuracy. Experimental validation, conducted on simulated and
real-world ICG data across diverse conditions, demonstrates an average Signal-to-Artifact Ratio (SAR) improvement within
a typical range of 10−12 dB over baseline methods and achieves low Mean Square Error (MSE) values. Thermal data and
recalibration frequency were optimized for wearable use, supporting continuous ICG monitoring. The proposed system is
particularly beneficial for continuous remote monitoring of patients with chronic heart conditions, aiding in early detection
of cardiovascular irregularities. This power-efficient design advances the potential for real-world application in wearable
health monitoring devices
Strategic Risk Management in Software Projects: ISM-MICMAC Framework
No full text411-420In the dynamic field of software development, identifying and managing critical risk factors is essential for project
success. This study aims to model the primary risk factors influencing software projects using a novel approach. The
research employs Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) combined with the Matriced' Impacts Croisés Multiplication
Appliquée à un Classement (MICMAC) method to analyze and categorize these factors. ISM provides a structured
framework for understanding the interrelationships between risk factors, while MICMAC offers insights into their driving
power and dependence. This integrated methodology reveals a hierarchical structure of risk factors, classifying them into
driving, linkage, and dependence categories. Key findings show that driving factors, such as External Dependencies and
Requirements Volatility, are crucial to project success, necessitating proactive risk management strategies. Linkage factors,
like Technical Complexity and Project Management, also play significant roles, while dependence factors, such as
Technology Risks and Scope Creep, underscore the interconnected nature of these risks. The novelty of this study lies in its
integration of ISM and MICMAC, offering a comprehensive framework to model and understand risk factors in software
development. This approach provides valuable insights for project managers and stakeholders to better mitigate risks and
improve project outcomes, contributing meaningfully to existing literature on software project risk management
A comparative study of the catalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures prepared using microwave and sol-gel method: A green approach
No full text434-440The present study reports the structural, optical and catalytic studies of green synthesised ZnO nanostructure using microwave
and sol-gel method. The materials are characterised using XRD, FTIR, Raman and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopic
analysis. The XRD analysis reveals the formation of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO with an average crystalline size of 47.2 nm and
32.4 nm, respectively for ZnO prepared using microwave (Zno-M) and sol-gel method (ZnO-S). The catalytic activity of the
nanostructures are analysed with the nitrophenol reduction in the presence of NaBH4, indicating the superior performance of
ZnO-M compared to ZnO-S. The optimised nanostructure exhibit a conversion efficiency of 97.3% with a first order rate constant
of 0.44 min–1. This study highlights the effectiveness of the synthesized ZnO nanostructures in detoxifying 4-nitrophenol from
aqueous solutions
Legal protection of traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions under copyright laws
No full text384-394The protection of Traditional Knowledge (TK) and Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs) has gained significant attention in international legal and policy circles due to their socio-cultural and economic importance. Despite global efforts, there remains no universally accepted framework for the protection of TK and TCEs, leading to fragmented legal approaches across countries. This research examines the protection of TK and TCEs within existing intellectual property (IP) frameworks, focusing on the role of copyright law. Analyzing different models, the research finds that clear definitions of terms such as TK, TCEs, and Expressions of Folklore (EoF) would enhance judicial clarity and improve legal enforcement, especially within frameworks like the Indian Copyright Act
Evaluating the efficacy of yogic practices and mud therapy in influencing biochemical parameters among middle aged women with type 2 diabetes mellitus –A randomized controlled trial studyB
No full text301-309Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the more prevalent long term metabolic disorders creating a formidable health hazard globally, especially in middle-aged women. This study evaluates the effectiveness of complementary holistic practices like the yoga and mud therapy on biochemical variables' levels, such as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), post prandial blood sugar (PPBS), and Triglyceride (TG) among the middle-aged women suffering with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus of Chennai district. 90 subjects, aged between 45 to 55 years, were selected through randomized sampling and grouped into three, such as Group A (Yoga and Mud Therapy), Group B (Yoga) and Group C (Control Group), with 30 participants in each category. Group A had 1.5 h session per day, which includes 1 h of structured yoga program comprising Sukshma Vyayama, Surya Namaskar, Asanas, Pranayama, Dhyana and 30 min of mud therapy and Group B had 1 h of structured yoga five days a week, for a time span of 12 weeks, wherein Group C were in active rest. Pre and post intervention biochemical variable levels were recorded to assess changes in glycemic control. Paired t-test and ANOVA were implemented to understand the changes of the glycemic levels. The results indicated a significant reduction in all biochemical variables level under consideration in Group A (p<0.001) in comparison to the other groups. The results imply that yoga and mud therapy practiced regularly could benefit middle-aged women in the management of T2DM. A longer period of intervention could provide more confirmation on the effect of these practices on reducing levels of proposed biochemical variables
Issues of Plagiarism and Moral Right to Attribution When Using Work Created by Large Language Models
No full text376-382The advent of large language models such as ChatGPT has led people to use text responses generated by large language
models (LLMs) in their research publications. This paper explores the issues arising from such use, including - originality of
ideas and work, originality of text generated by LLMs, and plagiarism and moral right to attribution when work created by
LLMs is used by authors. The paper proposes a plagiarism policy for using text generated by LLMs. Broadly, the policy
proposes the following. If a work copies the response of LLMs, the use of LLM should be acknowledged, and the text
should be presented in quotations. The original source of the information must be searched and acknowledged. If the work
paraphrases the response of LLM, the use of LLM should be acknowledged. The original source of the information must be
searched and acknowledged. If the work resulted from ideas generated during interaction with LLM, the use of LLM should
be acknowledged for the help in generating the idea
Assessment of Food-related Geographical Indications in India
No full text324-335The paper assesses the applications filed for Geographical Indication (GI henceforth) tag in India in the classes 29 to 34
which for the purpose of this paper are referred to as ‘food-related applications’. It explores The Geographical Indications of
Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 (GI Act henceforth) of the Indian Constitution synchronically as it stands
now and suggests widening the scope of several terms like ‘reputation’ and ‘geographical’ which are decisive in granting GI
status to a product. The author carefully maneuvers an unexplored territory of legal theories supporting Intellectual Property
Rights and propounding that the theories support the rights of individuals and that ‘intellect’ is purely a human and not a
geographical virtue. Thus, the right to Geographical Indication needs a new perspective with an intent that maximum
products receive due protection with a streamlined and smooth process. The author also suggests adopting the nuances of the
process of obtaining the GI from the European Commission in a culturally-sensitive manner. Towards the end, the author
has briefly touched upon the role cultural and food anthropologists can play in bridging the gap between legal processes and
its beneficiaries and has also talked about the potential topics for further research
Geographical Indication (GI) Laws in India and Its Implementation: A Critical Appraisal
No full text304-313India is home to different products which are unique to its various regions. With the advent of the Geographical
Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999, the enforcement, adjudication and governance of
Geographical Indications (GIs) is expected to preserve the cultural heritage, create international recognition and boost export
income of these products. Although the goals of GI registration have been fulfilled to an extent, but such registrations hardly
popularise the products beyond the exiting market and did it boost the export. The primary question which the paper aims to
address is whether the laws has been successful in providing better protection of geographical indications relating to goods,
in India, and investigate why the implementation has been inadequate. This paper focuses on less well-known GIs like
madurkathi and nakshi katha and contrasts them with the more well-known GIs like Basmati Rice, Darjeeling Tea etc. to
delve into the loopholes in the existing legislation and its implementations, focusing on obstacles for the producers in
effectively marketing and protecting the reputation of such goods. The paper concludes with recommendations for changes
in the legislation and implementation
Recognition to Implementation: Bridging the Gap in Moral Rights Protection under Indian Copyright Law
No full text295-303Intellectual Property Rights have reflected itself as a new developing dimension in the legal field, and its development aims to address the challenges related to Intellectual property. Moral rights are the legal recognition of the moral aspect of intellectual property law, which remains with the author even after transferring or assigning the legal rights to someone else. In India, moral rights got their recognition under the Copyrights Rights Act of 1957. The present paper discusses the effectiveness of the law in this regard and examines the available legal framework of Indian intellectual property laws. It also attempts to understand the role of the judiciary in strengthening and preserving the moral aspect of law concerning copyright law. The study forms its basis by analysing the existing legal framework and intervention of the judiciary in this regard. The methods used in this regard are analytical and doctrinal. Moral rights are reflected as the personality of the author. In this paper, we found that there are various aspects and challenges that require attention at both the judiciary and legislature levels. Moral rights are a significant aspect of copyright, but no more consideration was given to the question of moral rights. The moral foundations of copyright have been explored via a variety of illuminating case laws and international treaties under different jurisdictions. As it is depicted as a part of the intellectual property rights law, its complete segregation is impossible. Also, much remains to be done to cope with the development of the moral rights law
