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Growth factors and culture media dependent in vitro expansion and characteristics of enriched spermatogonial stem cells derived from adult caprine testis
No full text389-400In vitro expansion of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) has gained significant attention, as it offers a promising
alternative for preserving and utilizing these cells beyond their natural regenerative capacity. Present study aimed to
investigate the effect of supplementation of growth factors in culture media and its comparison with commercially available
media for in vitro expansion and maintenance of culture characteristics of adult caprine SSCs (cSSCs). In Trial-1, cSSCs
were isolated from adult goats and an enriched population of cSSC was randomly divided into 5 groups i.e., group-1
(control; no growth factor), group-2 (GDNF; 40 ng/mL), group-3 (FGF2; 10 ng/mL), group-4 (EGF; 5 ng/mL) and group-5
(GDNF+FGF2+EGF). Following cultivation of cSSCs, morphological assessment, colony counting, and expression of
alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and PGP9.5 were conducted and results were compared among the groups. Further, in Trial-2,
the performance of optimized cSSCs culture media (in-house media) was compared with 5 commercial media viz, α-MEM,
MesenPRO RSTM, StemPRO®-34, Stemline®, and Ham's F-12 Nutrient Mix for improved growth and culture characteristics
of cSSCs. The cluster-forming activity (CFA) assay, ALP staining, morphological evaluation of cSSCs colonies, and
expression analyses of marker genes were performed. In Trial-1, the total number of colonies, size of colonies, and ALP
expression were significantly (P<0.05) higher in group-5 compared with other groups. In Trial 2, the in-house media
produced significantly (P<0.05) higher number and larger cSSC colonies among all the media tested. Similar results were
observed in CFA and ALP staining. The results of expression analyses demonstrate upregulation of pluripotency (PGP9.5
and PLZF) and adhesion (E-cadherin) marker genes, and downregulation of apoptosis marker gene (BCL-6) in the cells
when grown in in-house media. Overall, our results demonstrate that in-house media, with a combination of growth factors,
provides a more favorable niche for proliferation, colony formation, and maintenance of functional characteristics of adult
cSSCs in the in vitro culture systems. These results can be utilized for future studies and application that require optimum
expansion of cSSCs or other stem cells
Bench Top Process and Their Scalability for Industrial Production of Nanoparticles Insights
No full text416-426Production of nanoparticles at industrial scale is certainly required in near future as they are getting successfully
executed in different emerging technological areas. Therefore, the scalability will be the one of the most important criteria
with respect to the market demands of the nanoparticles. Some of the bench top models experiments are very expensive and
may not be approved for the industrial production. The two most important nanocrystals fabrications process in the colloidal
phase can be divided to two categories are heat-up and hot-injection method which is successfully used to produce the
nanocrystals at the laboratory scale in very economical way. Additionally, both the process is capable of producing
nanoparticles with good control on their shape and size. However, these methods have some limitations with respect to the
precursor. This review will focus on nucleation and growth process in heat-up and hot-injection method and their pros and
cons in scalability at industrial scale with emphasis on quantum dot, iron oxide nanoparticles and sodium lanthanum
fluoride
Pretreatment strategy for enhanced lipid extraction from algal biomass in bio-oil production
No full text190-202Efficient lipid extraction from algal biomass is a critical step in bio-oil production. Optimizing extraction parameters has led to the development of various methodologies; however, the primary challenge remains in effectively disrupting algal cells to facilitate lipid release. This study evaluates the impact of different pretreatment techniques on traditional lipid extraction methods, focusing on lipid extraction efficiency. Pretreatment methods examined include physical disruption (blending), irradiation (microwaving), and a novel combination of both. Traditional lipid extraction methods, such as Bligh-Dyer, Folch, and Soxhlet are employed. Results demonstrated that lipid extraction efficiency increased from 2.22–22.12% of dry weight (untreated biomass) to 10.09–52.08% of dry weight (pretreated biomass), varying across different algal species. The combined pretreatment (blender and microwave) followed by the Bligh-Dyer method yielded the highest lipid recovery. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii showed the maximum lipid content (52.08±2.22%). These findings highlight the significant enhancement in lipid recovery using the novel pretreatment and suggest its potential for improving bio-oil production
Superhydrophobic Silica-based Nano-Coatings for Anti-Reflective and Anti-Soiling Surface: Effect of HMDS and DIPEA
No full text509-519This study presents a novel nano-silica-HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane) surface coating, synthesized through an efficient
chemical route, exhibiting anti-reflective, superhydrophobic, and anti-soiling properties suitable for solar panel top covers
working in dusty environments. The synthesized surface coating enhances optical transmission, mitigating incident light
reflection and performance loss from soiling. The experiment results show a 5.8% average power improvement in the
nano-silica-HMDS-coated solar photovoltaic cell compared to a manually cleaned, uncoated solar cell. The cost-effective
dip-coating method applied to the substrate surface at room temperature offers a practical alternative to costly surface
coatings. The surface coating exhibits a finely tuned refractive index of 1.14 and 96.1% transmittance for wavelengths
ranging from 400–800 nm demonstrating exceptional transparency and optical effectiveness. The Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) results show a highly rough HMDS-modified-nanosilica
surface exhibiting anti-soiling and super-hydrophobicity characteristics confirmed by a water contact angle of 156° in
test results. The synthesized surface coating also showed excellent stability over two months in a dusty environment
consisting of abundant particulate particles pm 2.5 and pm 10 observed in environmental stability tests conducted over 2.5
months with the help of an experimental setup. The test results confirm the nano-silica-HMDS (0.3:1) surface coating as the
most optimum concentration for simultaneously achieving superhydrophobicity, anti-soiling, and antireflection properties
Synthesis, spectral, molecular docking and antimicrobial studies of some substituted 4-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl) pyrimidine-2(1H)-thiones
No full text465-475Some substituted 4-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)pyrimidine-2(1H)-thione derivatives were synthesized by one-pot three-component synthesis reaction of 4-acetyl biphenyl, various substituted aryl aldehydes and thiourea in the presence of sodium hydroxide. In this reaction, the yield was more than 85%. The synthesized pyrimidine thiones were characterise by their physical constants, micro-analysis and spectroscopic data. The molecular docking study of these pyrimidinethiones was investigated with protein interaction-affinity measurements. Using the Bauer-Kirby technique, the antimicrobial abilities of synthesized pyrimidinethiones were evaluated
Research Trends and Collaboration at the University of Debrecen's Faculty of Informatics: A Bibliometric Analysis
No full text210-222This study examines research trends and collaboration at the University of Debrecen’s Faculty of Informatics over nearly two decades. Utilizing a bibliometric analysis based on Scopus-indexed publications from 2004 to 2023, the study explores annual scientific output, citation metrics, document age, leading journals, and collaboration patterns among authors and institutions. Key aspects analyzed include the prevalence of Open Access publishing, primary funding sources, and emerging research domains. The findings reveal a significant increase in the faculty’s publication activity, particularly between 2010 and 2014, coinciding with multiple European-funded projects. The study also identifies a growing research emphasis on machine learning, virtual reality, and deep learning, reflecting global scientific trends. Despite a rise in scholarly output, citation impact remains moderate, indicating room for further engagement and visibility within the research community. Furthermore, the faculty’s collaboration networks span national and international institutions, with strong connections to Hungarian and European partners. By mapping the conceptual structure of research fields, the study highlights shift in dominant themes over time, providing insights into the faculty’s evolving scientific contributions. These findings offer a comprehensive scholarly productivity and collaboration perspective, supporting future research strategies and institutional development
Contribution of Tensor Forces and Exchange Term for (3He, t) Charge Exchange Reactions on Different Mass Targets
No full text479-487The angular distribution and unit cross-section for (3He, t) charge exchange reactions at 140 MeV/nucleon on 13C, 26Mg,
58Ni, and 120Sn targets have been computed by employing the distorted wave impulse approximation. Particularly, the
contribution of tensor forces and knock-on exchange term have been estimated and the substantial quantitative variations in
the cross-section have been found which in turn brings the predications closure to the experimental results