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Пежоративни и опсцени изрази у дијалозима и монолозима у књижевности и њихови преводи на немачко-македонски, македонско-немачки.
Get PDFIn this scientific paper a semantic and translational analysis of pejorative and obscene expressions present in German and Macedonian literature is made, parallel with their translations into Macedonian and German. The aim of the paper is to indicate the presence of such expressions as a form of lexical variation from a diastratic aspect in languages and their possible translation equivalents. For the purpose of analysis, several prose works from German and Macedonian literature were taken. It is expected that between such expressions there will be no complete equivalence, so when translating them into the target language, adaptation or modulation will be mainly applied
Makedonya'da Türkoloji Araştırmalarının Başlangıcı ve Gelişmesi
Get PDF1943 yılında Makedonya’yı da içeren Demokratik Federal Yugoslavya kuruldu, 1945’te Yugoslavya Federal Halk Cumhuriyeti oldu; 1963 yılında adı Yugoslavya Sosyalist Federal Cumhuriyeti olarak değiştirildi. Makedonya Cumhuriyeti, Yugoslav federasyonunda bir cumhuriyet oldu. 1943 yılında Demokratik Federal Makedonya Cumhuriyeti, 1945’te Federal Makedonya Halk Cumhuriyeti, 1963’te Sosyalist Federal Makedonya Cumhuriyeti idi. 1991 yılında bağımsızlığını ilan ederek Makedonya Cumhuriyeti adını aldı. 2019 yılında ülkenin adı Kuzey Makedonya Cumhuriyeti oldu. Eğitimi ve bilimi geliştirmek için bu dönemde Makedonya’da birçok eğitim ve bilim kurumu kurulmuştur. Bu kurumlar, Türkoloji araştırmalarını başlatmak ve geliştirmek için mevcut imkânlardan yararlanarak bir strateji uygulamış, böylece sağlam bir zemin hazırlamış ve bugün bir gelenek oluşturmuşlardır. Bugün Türkoloji araştırmalarının üç devlet üniversitesi ve bir özel üniversite merkezi vardır: Skopje’de Aziz Kiril ve Metodiy Üniversitesi Blaže Koneski Filoloji Fakültesi Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü, Sjtip’te Gotse Delcjev Üniversitesi Filoloji Fakültesi Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü, Tetovo Devlet Üniversitesi Felsefe Fakültesi Şarkiyat (Doğu Dilleri) Bölümü ve Skopje’de özel Uluslararası Balkan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Türk Dili Eğitimi ve Öğretmenliği Bölümü.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Makedonya, Eğitim kurumları, Bilim kurumları, Türkoloji merkezleri, Türkoloji araştırmaları.
In 1943, the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, which also included Macedonia, was established. In 1945, it became the Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia, and in 1963 its name was changed to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Within this federation, Macedonia functioned as one of the republics: in 1943 as the Democratic Federal Republic of Macedonia, in 1945 as the Federal People’s Republic of Macedonia, and in 1963 as the Socialist Federal Republic of Macedonia. In 1991, it declared independence and assumed the name the Republic of Macedonia. In 2019, the country was officially renamed the Republic of North Macedonia. During this period, to advance education and science, a number of educational and scientific institutions were founded in Macedonia. These institutions pursued a strategy by utilizing available resources to initiate and develop Turkology research, thus preparing a strong foundation that has now evolved into an established tradition. At present, Turkology research is carried out at three state universities and one private university: the Department of Turkish Language and Literature at the Blaže Koneski Faculty of Philology, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje; the Department of Turkish Language and Literature at the Faculty of Philology, Goce Delčev University in Štip; the Department of Oriental Studies (Eastern Languages) at the Faculty of Philosophy, Tetovo State University; and the Department of Turkish Language Education and Teaching at the Faculty of Education, International Balkan University, a private university in Skopje.
Keywords: Macedonia, Educational institutions, Scientific institutions, Turkology centers, Turkology research
Beyond Randles-Sevcik Formalism: Towards Understanding Peak Currents of Nernstian Redox Systems in Square-Wave Voltammetry
Get PDFIn redox systems that obey the Nernst equation, where the surface and bulk concentrations remain in equilibrium during the potential sweep, the Randles-Sevcik equation is seen as a standard tool in both fundamental and applied linear scan voltammetry. As the Randles-Sevcik equation is seen as a key theoretical framework for interpreting voltammetric behavior in electrochemically reversible and diffusion-controlled redox systems considered under conditions of linear scan voltammetry, this foundational relationship becomes inapplicable when extended to pulse voltammetric techniques. Pulse voltammetric techniques differ fundamentally from linear scan voltammetric methods in both potential modulation and in current measurement protocols. The form of applied bias in pulse voltammetric techniques leads to conditions in which each applied pulse disrupts the diffusion profile of redox species of interest. Repeated disruption and compression of diffusion profiles in pulse voltammetric techniques introduce significant complexity into the current-potential behavior of redox species, thereby precluding the direct application of the Randles-Sevcik formalism. This study presents some basic theoretical insights into the limitations of applying Randles–Sevcik-type equations to square-wave voltammetry. In addition, a unifying parameter has been identified that governs the peak current response in square-wave voltammetry, which integrates the effects of potential step, frequency, square-wave amplitude, and temperature. At constant magnitude of the diffusion coefficient, this critical parameter is defined as χ = constant · (F/RT)·[Esw/(dE·f)^]1/2. This parameter "X" is discovered for the first time (and it also named as "JPG" parameter according to the initials of the authors (Janeva Pavlinka Gulaboski)) is seen as a foundation for developing more comprehensive models and analytical expressions describing peak current dependencies under square-wave voltammetric conditions
Biblical phraseology in German, English, and Macedonian: a comparative linguistic and cultural analysis
Get PDFThis paper explores the profound and enduring influence of the Bible in the development of modern phraseology in the German, English, and Macedonian languages. As one of the most translated and influential texts in human history, the Bible has shaped not only religious and moral thought but also the idiomatic and metaphorical structures of European languages. Through comparative linguistic and cultural analysis, the study identifies and interprets biblical idioms and phraseological units that remain present in contemporary speech.
The methodological framework of the paper includes both corpus-based and student-centered approaches. Students of German and English participated by gathering material from specialized phraseological dictionaries, as well as directly from the New Testament in German, English and Macedonian. Afterwards, they translated the selected idioms into Macedonian, their mother tongue, in order to establish semantic parallels and culturally appropriate equivalents. All examples in German, English, and Macedonian appear in the same form as in the corresponding editions of the Holy Bible in each of the three languages. This process resulted in a structured list of 50 idiomatic expressions in German, aligned with their English and Macedonian counterparts, which served as the basis for further comparative analysis. Here is an example from the analysis: German: Auge um Auge, Zahn um Zahn, English: an eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth, Macedonian: Око за око, заб за заб that serves as a symbol of justice and retribution.
The research demonstrates that, although modern speakers may not always recognize their religious origins, these expressions retain their symbolic depth and cultural significance. The paper confirms that the Bible continues to serve as a living source of language, rich in symbolism and historical weight.
Keywords: Biblical idioms; comparative linguistics; New Testament; phraseology; idiomatic expressions; equivalence
Secure Communication Systems for Modern Military Operations - Foundations, Technologies, and Future Directions
Get PDFThis book offers a comprehensive examination of secure communication systems for modern military operations, addressing the technological and operational challenges of information exchange in contemporary and future battlefields. It traces the evolution of military communications from analog and digital systems to encrypted, software-defined, and AI-enhanced architectures, with emphasis on NATO interoperability, cybersecurity threats, and electronic warfare. Core principles such as signal transmission, encryption, authentication, anti-jamming techniques, and resilient tactical radio networks are analyzed. Advanced topics include secure UAV-to-command center communications, AI-driven routing and spectrum management, satellite systems, 5G/6G military applications, quantum communication, and cognitive radio networks. The book also proposes a future-oriented secure communication framework integrated with C4ISR systems, supported by practical case studies, including the author’s doctoral research. It is intended for researchers, military professionals, engineers, and policymakers seeking resilient and intelligent defense communication solutions
Cultural influences on Macedonian students' creative writing in German: challenges, opportunities and interventions
Get PDFThis paper explores the cultural dimensions of creative writing faced by Macedonian students learning German, focusing on the challenges and opportunities that arise from the intersection of cultural expectations and the conventions of creative writing. The study examines how cultural influences—such as linguistic structures, communicational strategies, and creative norms—shape the writing practices of students as they navigate the German writing system. Specifically, it highlights the impact of students' home culture on their German creative writing, revealing a tendency to use phraseological expressions, follow the syntactic structures of their mother tongue, and incorporate informal elements such as interjections, onomatopoeia, wordplay, metaphors, and symbols. While these cultural writing habits are deeply rooted in Macedonian linguistic traditions, they often clash with the formal and precise nature of German creative discourse. The paper further identifies opportunities for enhancing students’ creative writing skills through targeted cultural and linguistic interventions. It argues that increasing cultural awareness can help improve writing competence and creative expression. The study collects data from Macedonian students learning German at the University "Goce Delcev," specifically from the Department of German Studies and Literature. The core data consists of creative writing samples, such as short stories and essays, which provide insights into students' linguistic expression and cultural influences. The findings suggest that by addressing these cultural differences, educators can better support Macedonian students in mastering German creative writing, leading to enhanced performance and greater integration into the German-speaking academic community.
Key words: Culture, Creative Writing, Writing strategies, Interculturalit
Potentials for development of shopping tourism in Republic of North Macedonia
Get PDFShopping is an act of buying goods, and motives for shopping can be pleasure, entertainment, reduced prices, search for brands, use of free time or cultural motives. Shopping tourism is a trip outside one's permanent place of residence for the purpose of shopping. The relevant literature in tourism makes a distinction between two significant segments related to shopping and tourism, namely: tourist shopping (shopping that tourists do during the trip) and shopping tourism in the classical sense of the word (travel motivated by the need for shopping). The aim of the paper is to cover the basic aspects of shopping tourism by defining this type of tourism and analyzing the demand for shopping tourism. For the purpose of the paper, a research methodology of secondary data sources related to the potential for shopping tourism in North Macedonia was used. Data analysis related to shopping centers, free shops, souvenirs, bazaars, supermarkets and markets in the country are presented in tabular and descriptive form in the research
J. D. Vance’s Munich Speech: Neo-Liberal Autocracy vs. Populist Democracy
Get PDFIdeological proliferation of actors in democratic society evolved in last few decades. Europe faces new wave of populist right and left movements primarily as a reaction of old establishment political subjects and bureaucratization of social environment. Monopoly of power distribution concentrated toward social elites with lower legitimacy is increasing which is obvious in lower turnout on elections, especially in supranational bodies as EU parliament. On the other side, populist movements are using the moment of rigid political mobilization with continues progressive results. The reaction on old party system is to use bureaucratic society and fetishizing neo-liberal ideology in its core, addressing individualism sometimes to absurd, and neglecting collective social entities, including family and its values.
In Munich summit J.D. Vance surprised the public with the speech where he focused on jeopardizing of essential democratic principles in Europe. The value system of democracy recognized the legitimacy derived from popular will. The recent case of Romania’s presidential elections used the argument of Russian hybrid threat to disqualify candidate which had no establishment background, was critical toward EU and proclaimed closer relations with USA. But, also, he was exponent of traditional value system, discarding extreme features of neo-liberal policies. Similar example was in April 27, 2017 events in Macedonian parliament, where the President of the parliament was elected with minority votes, which make the process non-legitimate and non-legal.
Through the prism of the war in Ukraine, if we extract only ideological premises. It’s noticeable that the clash was between democratic model of Ukraine, and autocratic Russian model. Existential threat of Putin’s regime is to have fully functional democracy with its Slavic neighbor. Therefore, Putin is using its hybrid tools to deflect European political changes toward reaction of the old elites vs. new populist. This is diminishing basic democratic values and can make Europe more authoritarian.
Democracy, populism, J. D. Vance, autocracy, values, Ukraine, Russia
Cooperation between the educational assistant and the family as a prerequisite for effective educational inclusion
Get PDFInclusive education represents a systemic approach that provides equal
opportunities for learning and development of students with special educational needs, wherein the
collaboration between the family and the educational assistant plays a key role in ensuring effective
and high-quality inclusion. The aim of this study is to examine the nature, quality, and challenges
of the collaboration between educational assistants and parents, as well as to identify the factors
that enhance this cooperation in practice. The research was conducted using an electronic
questionnaire (Google Forms) on a sample of 15 educational assistants from mainstream primary
schools in North Macedonia. The analysis includes demographic characteristics, frequency and
modes of communication with families, perceived challenges, examples of good practice, and
recommendations for improvement. The results show that most assistants maintain regular
communication with parents (10 on a daily basis, 4 several times a week), and the collaboration is
most often evaluated as excellent or very good. The most common obstacles identified are lack of
time, mismatched expectations, distrust, insufficient parental engagement, and linguistic/cultural
barriers. Successful practices include daily open communication, joint planning, timely notification
about achievements or difficulties, and coordinated support at home and at school. Participants
recommend regular training for assistants, stronger professional support, more frequent meetings
with parents, and clear guidelines for collaborative work. The study confirms that high-quality and
continuous cooperation between educational assistants and families is an invaluable factor for the
academic, social, and emotional progress of students with special educational needs. Improving
communication skills, strengthening mutual trust, and establishing structures for regular
information exchange are essential prerequisites for effective and sustainable inclusion
For Hatay
Get PDFThe opening of the online group visual arts exhibition titled “FOR HATAY,” organized by the Department of Fine Arts Education and the Traditional Turkish Arts Community of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Education on the occasion of the anniversary of the February 6 Earthquake, was held with the participation of our department members Dr. Faculty Member Erkan Özkarakaş and Research Assistant Ezgi Bengisu Bahar