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Digital transformation in Small and Medium-sized enterprises - The case of North Macedonia
Get PDFDigital transformation represents a key factor for enhancing competitiveness and introducing innovation in the global environment. To increase efficiency, productivity, and market performance, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), as drivers of economic development, face the need to adapt their working conditions and transform existing processes toward new digital technologies.
The subject of this research focuses on analyzing the state of digital transformation among small and medium-sized enterprises in the Republic of North Macedonia, through the
identification of key challenges, opportunities, and strategies applied by these companies.
In the practical part of this paper, by the questionnaire method, an empirical study was conducted aimed at analyzing the support measures and the level of awareness among SMEs
regarding digital transformation policies. The goal of the research is to determine the extent to which state institutions provide support for the introduction of transformational changes that contribute to the digitalization of SME operations.
The results of the conducted research confirm the main hypothesis that there is insufficient support in the process of implementing digital practices and solutions in business operations
An Entrepreneurial Approach and Policy Frameworks for the Advancement of Public-Private Partnerships
Get PDFIn contemporary working conditions, public institutions face limited access to the resources
necessary for implementing projects of communal and societal interest. The concept of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) serves as a mechanism for supporting local development and
facilitating the realization of infrastructure projects. Entrepreneurial initiatives and private investors enable the utilization of available capital and innovative opportunities in the function of executing infrastructure projects. The focus of this research is the analysis of the entrepreneurial approach as a key factor in the application and development of the public-private partnership model, with particular emphasis on the implementation of innovative business models and strategic partnerships.
By applying both quantitative and qualitative research methods, this study aims to explore the potential for implementing an entrepreneurial approach and corresponding policies that enhance synergy between public institutions and private initiatives in order to increase efficiency. The primary research objective is to confirm the fundamental hypothesis that entrepreneurial thinking and practice contribute to building more innovative and sustainable long-term business partnerships
The effect of CIA on serum IgG levels in Wistar rats
Get PDFGenerally speaking, rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease followed by a complicated process of immune response and attack on the body's own organism, which results in inflammation, joint changes, development of vasculitis, changes in the nervous system and other systemic changes. Literature data indicate that rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease for which there is no cure, and therapy mainly consists of administering medications to relieve pain, improve the quality of life of patients and maintain working ability, with the extension of working life. Research and results obtained from experimental and clinical studies on the impact of RA on the human and animal organism, record changes that, among other things, occur in the biochemical parameters of serum samples. The subject of our interest in the paper are changes in the level of IgG in serum during arthritis. The main goal of our research was to induce RA using collagen type II in Wistar rats and to examine the differences in the parameters between the two groups of animals, the control and the treated group of male and female animals and to compare the results obtained between the sexes on the thirtieth and the sixtyth day after RA induction. For the research, eight-week-old white laboratory rats, male and female, were used, grouped into four groups: control 20 males, control 20 females, treated with collagen male 30 and treated female group 30 animals. The collagen for RA induction was prepared according to a specific protocol, and by pricking the right joint of the hind limb of the animals we introduced it into the body. We applied 100 µl of the collagen solution with 20 µl of physiological solution. Sera for analysis were obtained after centrifugation of the tubes, by decanting coagulated blood into monotubes. The IgG test was performed using a Dimension Max column chromatography apparatus. The IgG results in male animals in the first period have a significantly reduced IgG value. The IgG results in serum on the sixtieth day show that the level does not increase, but stagnates or decreases, but still remains close to the value on the thirtieth day after immunization. The IgG results in female animals have a significant decrease on the thirtieth day after treatment, compared to the control group. The IgG value on the sixtieth day remains almost the same as on the thirtieth day, and compared to the control group, there is a significant difference. The results obtained for male and female animals note the same dynamics of change in IgG levels in both sexes. It can be concluded that the tests of serum IgG levels in male and female experimental animals show a highly significant decrease in IgG values after collagen application, i.e. on the thirtieth day of treatment. It is characteristic that the reduced values are maintained in the second experimental period, i.e. on the 60th day. There is no statistically significant difference in the deviations in relation to the sex of the animals
Treatment of functional constipation in children Re-Evaluating Approaches
Get PDFIntroduction : Constipation is the elimination of a small amount of dry, hard stool, difficulty in defecating, and bowel emptying after an interval of three days or more. In infants and todlers the prevalence ranges from 3-27% and in children and adolescents from 0.7% and 29.6%.
Material and Methods: Rome criteria are recommended for the definition of functional constipation (FC) for all age groups. The diagnosis of FC is based on history and physical examination. When evaluating children with constipation
the warning signs and symptoms are always considered. Digital rectal examination is recommended to confirm the diagnosis and exclude underlying medical conditions. The routine use of an abdominal radiograph to diagnose
functional constipation is not indicated. A barium enema should not be used as an initial diagnostic tool for the evaluation of FC.
Results : Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is the first-line treatment for disimpaction and maintenance therapy. Lactulose, mineral oils, or magnesium-enriched formula can also be used as maintenance therapy. In the child with intractable constipation 2 to 4 week trial of avoidance of cow’s milk protein may be indicated.
Conclusion : Education of parents for early recognition of functional constipation. Taking preventive measures to prevent the condition from worsening. Educating parents not to give their children medication on their own. The first-choice drug for the treatment of functional constipation in
children older than 6 months is PEG. Educating doctors on how to dose PEG for disimpaction, what is the maintenance dose, duration of treatment and how to discontinue treatment with PEG
Challenge in diagnosing food protein induced enetrocolitis syndrome
Get PDFIntroduction: Food protein induced enetrocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non–IgE-mediated food allergy that typically presents in infancy, with repetitive protracted vomiting that begins approximately 1 to 4 hours after food ingestion.
Vomiting is often accompanied by lethargy and pallor and can be followed by diarrhea. Delayed onset and absence of cutaneous and respiratory symptoms suggest a systemic reaction different from anaphylaxis. FPIES is elicited most commonly by milk and soy proteins, however, rice, oat, and other solid foods may also elicit FPIES.
FPIES involves antigen-specific T cells, antibodies, and cytokines as a cause of the inflammation which cause an increased intestinal permeability and fluid shift into the gastrointestinal lumen. The diagnosis of acute FPIES requires that a patient meets the major criterion and ≥ 3 minor criteria.
Materials and Methods: Two months old male infant presented with severe vomiting and diarrhea few hours after introduction of milk formula. On examination subicteric, with signs of severe dehydration, abdominal distention, systolic heart murmur 2/6 in the midle precordium and minor facial dysmorphia. Initial laboratory tests with hyponatremic dehydration, metabolic acidosis, elevation of liver enzymes and direct hyperbilirubinemia. Rehydration was initiated, ursodeoxycholic acid was introduced, metabolic acidosis was corrected, and eHF nutrition was started.
Results: Diferential diagnoses for cholestatis were excluded including genetics for Allagile Sy. Six months after stabilization, folow up formula was introduced with the appearance of repetitive vomiting more than 10 times and mild diarrhea lasting 24 hours with moderate dehydration treated with parenteral rehydration.
Due to suspicion of acute FPIES, eHF was reintroduced into the diet. Total IgE in normal ranges and specific IgE for nutritive alergens were negative. One month later after 2 hours of unintentional intake of solid food containing milk with the recurrence of vomiting and diarrhea with consequent moderate-severe dehydration, metabolic acidosis, an increase in leukocytes toward neutrophilia, which confirmed the suspicion of acute FPIES.
Conclusion: Treat acute FPIES as a medical emergency and be prepared to provide aggressive fluid resuscitation because approximately 15% of patients can have hypovolemic shock.
Consider Ondansetron as an adjunctive management of emesis in patients with acute FPIES. Infants with cow’s milk/soy-induced FPIES can be breast-fed or use a hypoallergenic formula, such as casein-based extensively hydrolyzed formula. Development of tolerance in patients with CM-induced FPIES has been reported to occur by the age around 3 years.Unmet needs in the field include identification of noninvasive biomarkers, understanding the pathophysiology, and having uniform aproaches to diagonsis and management
The Power of Astatine-211: From the COST- NOAR Success Story to Clinical Reality
Get PDFObjectives:
Astatine-211 is emerging as a transformative and promising option in cancer therapy due to its unique properties. The COST Action Network on Optimized Astatine-Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals (NOAR) aimed to establish Astatine-211 as the gold standard for the treatment of certain types of cancer in Europe.
This initiative brings together leading European and international laboratories, manufacturing centers, hospitals, industries, and patient associations from over 20 countries, creating a comprehensive and innovative value chain that spans production, chemistry, radiochemistry, biology, preclinical and clinical research, and the delivery of radiopharmaceuticals to patients.
The goal of this project was to demonstrate that Astatine-211used in targeted alpha therapy (TAT), can be established as the European standard for cancer treatment. Its alpha-emitting properties minimize damage to healthy tissue while maximizing therapeutic effects, offering a safer, more comfortable alternative for patients due to its short half-life of 7.2 hours, potential for outpatient treatment, and improved waste management.
Methods:
The project involved the creation of a European network of dedicated Astatine-211 Treatment Nodes (ATNodes), integrating manufacturing, chemical processing, radiopharmaceutical synthesis, and clinical facilities with uniform quality standards.
During its implementation, the project identified dual pathologies and vectors for which Astatine-211 TAT is relevant, integrated findings to refine therapeutic strategies, and developed internationally harmonized protocols for preclinical and clinical radiation dosimetry.
Methods also included proposing new regulations and practices to standardize care across Europe, promoting Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), and creating a reference web portal and user community (researchers, clinicians, patients) to increase exposure to Astatine-211 technology for European citizens and industry. Key objectives included enhancing collaboration and knowledge sharing between European and international stakeholders.
Results:
The continued implementation of ATNodes will foster collaboration between researchers from COST member states, neighboring countries, and international partners, establishing a global network dedicated to Astatine-211.
Early results from the five working groups indicate progress in areas such as targeting, manufacturing, extraction, radiopharmaceutical development, dosimetry optimization, and clinical application. The project has generated significant interest in Astatine-211 production, bolstered European expertise, and established partnerships that provide critical mass for continued collaboration.
A key initiative was the training of Early Career Investigators (ECIs) and PhD students through Short-Term Scientific Missions (STSM), promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and mobility.
Conclusions:
The COST NOAR action has facilitated efficient interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral, and international knowledge exchange, promoting collaboration between European and international stakeholders to advance the medical applications of Astatine-211.
The initiative has led to increased interest in production capacity, optimized transport conditions, advances in radiolabeling chemistry, and progress in the development of new radiopharmaceuticals.
Astatine-211 nodes strategically located across Europe will serve as innovation hubs, integrating cyclotrons, radiopharmacy, imaging centers, and patient injection facilities.
By standardizing treatment protocols and ensuring equitable access to state-of-the-art cancer therapies, NOAR aims to improve cancer treatment across Europe.
The project also provided valuable insights into national research systems, encouraging organizational improvements in line with best practices. The continued success of NOAR will depend on further collaborations and the expansion of Astatine-211 TAT technology, contributing to the global fight against cancer
Global Trade in Times of Crises: Geopolitical Challenges and the Adaptation of Logistics Systems
No full textThe research focuses on global supply chains and their vulnerability to geopolitical
tensions, analyzing the impacts of three key crisis regions: the conflict in Ukraine,
tensions in the South China Sea, and the blockade of the Suez Canal. By defining
global supply chains, the paper highlights their importance to the world economy
and the crucial role played by technology and actors such as states and multinational
companies. Geopolitical tensions are examined through their impact on trade and
logistics, with examples of economic sanctions, redirection of trade routes, and
supply disruptions.
The paper conducts a comparative analysis of these crises, identifying similarities
and differences in their impact on global supply chains, as well as short-term and
long-term effects on economies and industries. Through recommendations for trade
route diversification, innovative technologies, and international cooperation, the
paper suggests strategies to enhance the resilience of supply chains in future crisis
conditions. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of rapid adaptation of global
supply chain capacities and proposes directions for future research.
Key words: Strategic corridors, regional stability, economic implications, transit
challenges, intercontinental connection
Мајсторски клас – ДМУЦ Сергеј Михаилов Штип 05.05.2025
Get PDF„Што е навистина џезот?“
Интерактивен вовед во историјата на џезот, клучни фигури, теоретски аспект, развој на стиловите.
5 Мај (понеделник) 2025 во 11ч
ДМУЦ Сергеј Михаилов - Штип
Музичка Академија на Универзитет „Гоце Делчев“ - Шти
Теренско истражување во о. Лозово (Џумајлија) за време на пеливански борби
Get PDFТеренско истражување во о. Лозово (Џумајлија) беше фокусирано на улогата на зурлаџиите пре, во текот и по завршувањето на пелипеливанските борби и нивната интеракција со пеливаните и публиката.Борбите се организираат во чест на чествувањето на пролетниот празник „Ѓурѓовден“
Embracing democratic pedagogies through Meaningful PE: Experiences of teachers in North Macedonia
Get PDFMeaningful Physical Education (MPE) is an approach that aims to ensure physical education (PE) experiences are relevant, enjoyable, and personally significant for all students. It emphasizes key features such as social interaction, fun, challenge, motor competence, and personal relevance (Beni, Fletcher & Ní Chróinín, 2017). To support these aims, democratic pedagogies are used to create inclusive, student-centered environments where learners have a voice and choice in their experiences. Together, MPE and democratic strategies promote a more engaging and empowering form of PE. This study explores the experiences of three PE teachers from North Macedonia in using the democratic pedagogies in PE and noted changes in students’ behavior. The teachers participated in a six-month training program on Meaningful PE, as part of the Champions in MPE for Inclusion and Diversity project. Following the training, teachers implemented MPE principles in their teaching practice, with a focus on democratic pedagogies. Strategies included offering students’ opportunities to choose activities, games, warm-ups, partners or groups, and starting stations or equipment. We applied qualitative approach for the study. Data were collected through individual interviews and analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. Findings indicate positive changes in student behavior, including increased motivation, engagement, willingness to participate and express their opinions. Students felt a stronger sense of ownership and inclusion in PE lessons. For teachers, the process revealed unexpected insights into students’ interests and needs, challenging prior assumptions and encouraging more responsive teaching practices. This study highlights the potential of integrating democratic pedagogies within the MPE framework to enhance student participation and support quality, inclusive PE