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New sag-ball mill and flotation line for reconstructing of “Zletovo” Flotation Plant - Probishtip, North Macedonia
Full text link"Zletovo” Lead and Zinc Flotation Plant has existed for more than 50 years and for the future profitable work of “Zletovo” Mine, reconstruction is necessary to increase the annual capacity of the mine production and ore processing from 150 to 350 kt/y, as well as increase the technological quantitativequalitative results. To achieve those goals, in the current reconstruction of “Zletovo” Lead and Zinc Flotation Plant, with including a “New SAG Ball Mill and Flotation Line” is expected to be achieved replacement of the existing old and dilapidated crushing, grinding and flotation as well as and to increase the technological quantitative-qualitative results. The current reconstruction of "Zletovo” Mine, is meant to increase the mine's annual capacity and ore processing by introducing the “New SAG-Ball Mill and Flotation line”, with an investment of up to US25M or more
Hypermetropia - a refractive anomaly of modern times
Full text linkHypermetropia, also known as farsightedness, is a common refractive error in which distant objects are
seen more clearly than nearby objects. This condition occurs when light entering the eye focuses behind the retina,
which typically results from a short axial length of the eye or insufficient curvature of the cornea. In optometric
practice, accurate diagnosis and timely management of hypermetropia are essential to prevent associated issues such
as eye strain, headaches, and difficulty performing near tasks, including reading or using digital devices for
prolonged periods. The diagnostic process for hypermetropia includes comprehensive visual testing, such as the use
of a digital autokeratorefractometer, which precisely measures the curvature of the cornea and the refractive error of
the eye. This instrument helps determine the amount of hypermetropia present and ensures a tailored approach to
corrective measures. In addition, stereoscopic vision tests are conducted to evaluate binocular vision and depth
perception, which are crucial for overall visual function. The examination is completed with a digital phoropter,
which allows for an accurate determination of the most appropriate refractive correction. For the management of
hypermetropia, a variety of corrective lenses are offered, including monofocal lenses, which correct vision at a
single focal length, and multifocal lenses such as bifocals and progressive lenses, which are designed for patients
who require correction for both near and distance vision. Each pair of eyeglasses is customized based on the
individual’s specific prescription, visual needs, and lifestyle. These lenses help alleviate the symptoms of
hypermetropia and improve visual comfort during everyday tasks. Regular follow-up visits are crucial for ensuring
that the corrective lenses continue to meet the evolving needs of the patient. Refractive errors can change over time,
especially during periods of growth in children or with age-related changes in adults. Therefore, monitoring and
adjusting prescriptions as needed is a key part of managing hypermetropia effectively. In addition to optical
solutions, patient education regarding eye health, posture, and the reduction of visual strain is essential for long-term
comfort and well-being. The optometric practice emphasizes a comprehensive and personalized approach to vision
care, aiming not only to correct refractive errors but also to enhance overall eye health. This includes providing
thorough examinations, explaining treatment options, and offering individualized recommendations that support
each patient’s visual needs. With the proper corrective measures and regular monitoring, patients with
hypermetropia can achieve clear, comfortable vision that enhances their quality of life
English spelling variants - the writing tendencies of EFL students in North Macedonia
Full text linkEnglish has been long established as the lingua franca and consequently has secured its position as an obligatory subject in schools and universities around the world. However, being an international and global language often conveys the wrong impression of being a unified communication tool. This paper focuses particularly on the lexical spelling variations between British English and American English. The research provides a quantitative data acquired through an anonymous questionnaire that tests the students’ preferences and habits in the spelling of English of certain lexical items. The participants of the study are 60 secondary school students and 60 first year university students both studying English as a foreign language. Furthermore, the research includes a qualitative analysis of the textbooks used by teachers in secondary vocational schools in North Macedonia, and the textbooks used by the faculties at Goce Delcev University. The results give an insight into the current educational curriculum of EFL in North Macedonia, the students’ habits in English spelling and their ability to differentiate between the two varieties of English
Surface electrode processes in the light of implicit anodic and cathodic current components
No full textA recently introduced methodology (Sci Rep 14:17314) for estimating the implicit anodic and cathodic current components of a net, experimentally measured current at a given potential is applied to surface-confined, diffusionless electrode processes. Under the simplest conditions of a voltammetric experiment with a linear potential sweep, the conventional voltammogram is
deconstructed into genuine anodic and cathodic current components. These components exhibit high sensitivity to electrode kinetics, offering an alternative perspective on electrochemical reversibility compared to conventional cyclic voltammetry. To calculate the implicit current components, prior knowledge of the formal potential of the redox couple is required, along with integration of the net current. Once determined, these current components allow independent estimation of the electrode kinetic parameters, i.e., standard rate constant and the electron transfer coefficient, either through Tafel-like analysis or by
employing a novel form of differential current. In the kinetic regime of very fast, seemingly electrochemically reversible electrode reactions—where the net current becomes independent of electrode kinetics—the implicit current components remain highly sensitive to these kinetics. The theoretical considerations are supported by experiments on the reduction of methylene blue, covalently immobilized on a gold electrode via the self-assembly of a mixed peptide-thiol layer
Energy transition in municipalities – a model for sustainable renewable energy management
Full text linkThis study explores optimal strategies for utilizing
the electricity generated from already installed PV systems at the local level, aiming to reduce electricity costs and increase revenues through the sale of surplus electricity. Two scenarios are analyzed: (1) individual consumption of the generated electricity within each building and the sale of surplus electricity at the time of production, and (2) collective energy management through a municipal energy enterprise, where surplus electricity is distributed among buildings, and the remaining surplus is sold on the free market. By analyzing existing research and case studies, the study seeks to determine which strategy is more efficient regarding energy efficiency and financial viability, and to propose a model for the collective management of electricity generated from PV systems at the municipal level
Spectrophotometric determination of betalains and total phenols in albumin cheese enriched with organic beetroot powder
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to determine the change in the content of betalains and total phenols in albumin
cheese enriched with organic beetroot powder during storage for 7 days. Four samples of albumin cheese were
produced: ACK - a control sample of albumin cheese from whey, and three samples of albumin cheese enriched
with organic beetroot powder, AC1, AC2, and AC3, containing 2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5% beetroot powder,
respectively. The content of betalains and their change during storage in the albumin cheese samples and organic
beetroot powder were determined spectrophotometrically. For the determination of total phenols, two different
solvents for extraction (50% ethanol and 80% methanol) were used, and the impact of the solvents, as well as the
storage time of the samples at a temperature of 4°C, was assessed. The content of betalains in the AC1 sample was
statistically significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to the other samples with a higher percentage of beetroot powder.
Additionally, regarding the storage days, a statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction in the content of betalains was
observed on the seventh day of storage. A statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in the content of phenols was
determined in relation to the added percentage of beetroot powder, as well as a statistically significant (p<0.05)
decrease in total phenols concerning the storage time. It was determined that a 50% ethanol solution has better
extractive properties compared to an 80% methanol solution. The content of total phenols in the enriched albumin
cheeses was higher (p<0.05) compared to the contro
Optimal Taxation in Ben-Porath model
Full text linkThis paper is about Ben-Porath model of human capital investments and non-trivial labor supply decisions throughout the lifetime of the individual. In Ben-Porath model without taxation: The time allocation condition ensures optimal trade-offs between leisure, work, and investment in human capital. Shadow price of human capital is increasing over time. In BenPorath-Huggett model Mirrlees taxation is the best option when skill is private knowledge, Ramsey taxation requires subsidies to prevent human capital stagnation. Pareto taxation is the second-best solution when redistribution is a goal. Ramsey taxation yields highest government revenues, Mirrlees and Pareto taxes yield highest utilit
Is there a single parameter that defines peak currents in square-wave voltammetry?
Full text linkIn the pursuit of a unifying parameter that governs peak currents in square-wave voltammetry, a series of simulations was conducted on Nernstian, thermodynamically reversible electrode systems. Due to the complex interplay among the potential step, square-wave amplitude, frequency, and temperature. which collectively influence the formation and disruption of concentration profiles within the diffusion layer during each pulse, it is considerably more challenging to identify a single defining parameter for peak current, unlike in linear scan voltammetry. Nonetheless, the simulations revealed that the dimensionless parameter JKG, defined as:
JKG = F(RT)^-1·[Esw/(dE·f)]^1/2
is critical parameter (assuming a constant diffusion coefficient) for describing peak current behavior in square-wave voltammetry. This parameter, herein named the Janeva–Kokoskarova–Gulaboski (JKG) parameter, is identified for the first time as a key descriptor of peak current magnitudes under square-wave voltammetric conditions
Enucleation and apicoectomy in the treatment of radicular cysts: clinical insights
Full text linkRadicular cysts are the most common inflammatory odontogenic cysts, typically arising from epithelial remnants in response to pulpal necrosis and periapical inflammation. While many are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on radiographs, larger lesions may cause swelling, displacement of adjacent structures, and cortical plate expansion. Treatment modalities vary depending on size, location, and response to endodontic therapy.
This case report describes the management of a radicular cyst in the anterior maxilla, on an 18years old patient, apicotomy and endo-filling with biocompatible material.
Clinical and radiographic evaluation revealed a persistent periapical radiolucency consistent with a radicular cyst. An apicoectomy was performed with complete enucleation of the cystic lesion. The apical portion of the root was resected, and a biocompatible filling was placed. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a radicular cyst. Postoperative follow-up over six months demonstrated satisfactory healing with no signs of recurrence.
Apicoectomy combined with cyst enucleation is an effective surgical approach for managing persistent radicular cysts unresponsive to conventional endodontic treatment
Prohibition of double and multiple Lis pendens in court proceedings – solutions and dilemmas in Macedonian law -
Full text linkIn modern procedural law, it is unthinkable and extremely irrational and uneconomical to conduct identical or interconnected court proceedings between the same parties. This is at the same time and in contradiction with the principle of legal protection according to which the state is obliged to provide legal protection only once for the same legal matter. Therefore, to overcome these situations that may unnecessarily cause legal uncertainty, there are rules on Lis pendens and rules on the prohibition of double and multiple Lis pendens in civil and criminal proceedings. They represent a preventive form of mutual coordination between judicial authorities and an instrument with the help of which the possibility of adopting contradictory final decisions in different proceedings for the administration of justice (for example, civil proceedings and criminal proceedings) should be avoided. The rules on Lis pendens prevent the occurrence of a positive conflict of jurisdiction and the possibility of conducting identical or mutually incompatible court proceedings between the same parties.
Keywords: civil procedure, criminal procedure, Lis pendens, principle of economy, principle of legal certaint