Jurnal Hortikultura
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Peran Pupuk Limbah Cair Peternakan Sapi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Sawi, Selada, dan Kangkung
Get PDFABSTRAK. Tingginya harga pupuk kimia menyebabkan pengembangan pupuk alternatif sangat mendesak untuk dilakukan. Salah satu sumber pupuk alternatif yang potensial untuk dikembangkan adalah limbah cair peternakan sapi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pupuk limbah cair peternakan sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil sawi, selada, dan kangkung. Pengujian skala pot dengan menggunakan Ultisols sebagai media dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian DKI Jakarta mulai bulan Maret hingga Oktober 2007. Perlakuan meliputi pemupukan menggunakan limbah cair peternakan sapi (tanpa dan diencerkan dengan air 1:1 dan 1:2), campuran Urea, TSP, dan KCl (NPK), dan tanpa pemupukan sebagai kontrol. Perlakuan diatur menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima ulangan. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman yang didasarkan pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan berat biomasa dijadikan sebagai variabel pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk limbah cair peternakan sapi nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil sawi, selada, dan kangkung. Apabila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan NPK, hasil sawi, selada, dan kangkung berturut-turut mencapai 95, 87, dan 61%. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa pupuk limbah cair peternakan sapi dapat menggantikan pupuk kimia dalam budidaya sayuran, khususnya sawi dan selada.ABSTRACT. Sastro, Y., I.P. Lestari, and Suwandi. 2010. The Effect of Liquid Cattle Manure on the Growth and Yield of Chinese Cabbage, Lettuce, and Kangkong. Alternative fertilizer is very important to be developed because the high price of chemical fertilizers. One of the potential fertilizer to be developed is liquid cattle manure. This research was aimed to study the effect of liquid cattle manure on the growth and yield of chinese cabbage, lettuce, and kangkong. The pot scale study used Ultisols as media was conducted in Glasshouse of the Assessment Institute of Agriculture Technology, Jakarta from March until October 2007. The treatments were diluted cattle manure (1:1, 1:2, no cattle manure); combination of Urea, TSP, and KCl (NPK), and no fertilizer as control. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with five replications. The parameters observed were plant high, leaf number, and biomass weight. The results showed that liquid cattle manure was significantly increase the growth and yield of chinese cabbage, lettuce, and kangkong. The application of liquid cattle manure on chinese cabbage, lettuce, and kangkong could produce 95, 87, and 61% compare with NPK fertilizer, respectively. The results indicated that liquid cattle manure could replace chemical fertilizers in the vegetable production, especially in chinese cabbage and lettuce
Adopsi Inovasi Teknologi Pengelolaan Terpadu Kebun Jeruk Sehat (PTKJS) di Kabupaten Ponorogo, Jawa Timur
Get PDFABSTRAK. Produktivitas dan mutu buah jeruk di Indonesia saat ini masih rendah dan perlu ditingkatkan. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hortikultura telah melaksanakan program penelitian dan pengkajian penerapan pengelolaan terpadu kebun jeruk sehat (PTKJS) di beberapa provinsi sentra produksi jeruk. Pengelolaan terpadu kebun jeruk sehat meliputi (a) penggunaan bibit berlabel bebas penyakit, (b) pengendalian OPT terutama vektor penyakit CVPD, (c) sanitasi kebun yang baik, (d) pemeliharaan tanaman secara optimal, dan (e) konsolidasi pengelolaan kebun. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui adopsi inovasi teknologi PTKJS oleh petani. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Ponorogo, Jawa Timur, dari bulan April sampai dengan Desember 2006, menggunakan metode survai. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa inovasi teknologi PTKJS dari komponen teknologi, seperti penggunaan bibit unggul berlabel bebas penyakit, konsolidasi pengelolaan kebun, dan subkomponen teknologi, seperti penggunaan perangkap kuning, penyiraman tanah dengan insektisida, penggunaan sex feromon, pemberongsongan, penyulaman dengan bibit berlabel, pemangkasan, penyiraman tanaman, dan pemanenan secara benar, tidak diadopsi oleh sebagian besar petani jeruk di Kabupaten Ponorogo. ABSTRACT. Ridwan, H.K, Sabari, Rofik, S.B., Rahman, S., and Agus, R. 2010. Adoption of Integrated Crop Management for Healthy Citrus Orchard in Ponorogo, East Java. Productivity and quality of citrus fruit in Indonesia were still low and need to be increased. The Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development had conducted research and assessment program of Integrated Crop Management for Healthy Citrus Orchad (ICMHCO) in several provinces. The technology package of ICMHCO consisted of (a) the used of labeled and free deseases planting materials, (b) pest and deseases control especially for the CVPD vector, (c) good field sanitation, (d) optimum cultural practices, and (e) field management consolidation. The objective of this research was to access the adoption of technology package of ICMHCO by the farmers. The research was conducted at Ponorogo District, East Java, from April to Desember 2006, using survey method. The results showed that only a part of technology package of ICMHCO had been adopted by the citrus farmers in Ponorogo District. There were some technological components that had not been adopted yet by farmers, such as labeled free deseases planting materials, consolidation of orchard management, yellow trap application, drenching of insecticide solution, sex pheromone application, fruit wrapping, replanting with labelled seeds, pruning, irrigation, and good harvesting practices
Kandungan Flavonoid dan Limonoid pada Berbagai Fase Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jeruk Kalamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) dan Purut (Citrus hystrix Dc.)
Get PDFABSTRAK. Tanaman jeruk mengandung metabolit sekunder flavonoid, karotenoid, dan limonoid yang banyakterdapat dalam daun, kulit buah, biji, dan pulp. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kandungan flavonoid dan limonoid padaberbagai fase pertumbuhan tanaman jeruk Kalamondin dan Purut serta mendapatkan informasi kandungan limonoidpada fase embrio dan planlet hasil perbanyakan in vitro melalui embriogenesis somatik. Penelitian dilakukan di BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) sejak bulan Mei sampai dengan Desember 2009. Ruanglingkup penelitian terdiri atas (1) identifikasi metabolit sekunder yaitu flavonoid dan limonoid pada berbagai fasepertumbuhan tanaman jeruk Kalamondin dan Purut dan (2) identifikasi limonoid pada fase embrio dan planlet tanamanjeruk Kalamondin yang diperbanyak dengan metode embriogenesis somatik secara in vitro. Analisis kandunganmetabolit sekunder dilakukan di Unit Layanan Pengujian, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Airlangga. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa kandungan flavonoid dan limonoid dapat diproduksi dari berbagai bagian tanaman, seperti padapulp, biji, kulit buah, dan daun pada berbagai fase pertumbuhan jeruk Purut dan Kalamondin. Kandungan flavonoidpada jeruk Purut dan Kalamondin tertinggi terdapat pada buah tua, masing-masing 18,8 ppm. Kandungan limonoidpada jeruk Purut hanya terdeteksi pada daun pendukung buah tua (1 ppm) dan biji (61 ppm), sedangkan pada jenisKalamondin hanya terdeteksi pada biji yaitu sebesar 74 ppm.ABSTRACT. Devy, N.F., F. Yulianti, and Andrini. 2010. Flavonoid and Limonoid Contents in Every GrowthPhase of Kalamondin (Citrus mitis Blanco) and Purut (Citrus hystrix Dc.). Citrus contains secondary metabolitessuch as flavonoid, carotenoid, and limonoid, which can be found in the leaf, peel of fruit, seeds, and pulp. The aimsof this research were to determine flavonoid and limonoid contents in every growth phase of Kalamondin and Purutand the limonoid contents in embryo and plantlet phases derived from in vitro somatic embryogenesis. The researchwas conducted in Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICISFRI) from May to December 2009.The research consisted of two activities as follows: (1) analyses of flavonoid and limonoid contents in every growthphase of Kalamondin and Purut and (2) analyses of the limonoid contents in embryos and plantlet proliferated fromsomatic embryogenesis culture. Flavonoid and limonoid contents were analyzed at the Assessment Service Unit,Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University. The results showed that flavonoid and limonoid compounds could beproduced in all parts of plant i.e, such as pulp, seeds, peel of fruit, and leaves from every growth phase of Kalamondinand Purut. In Purut and Kalamondin, the highest flavonoid content was obtained from ripen fruit, with concentration18.8 ppm. Liminoid content in Purut was detected only in leaf supporting ripen fruit (1 ppm) and seeds (61 ppm),and in Kalamondin was only in seeds with concentration 74 ppm
Pengaruh Suplemen Nonsintetik terhadap Pertumbuhan Planlet Anggrek Vanda
Get PDFABSTRAK. Medium tumbuh merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam menentukan kualitas pertumbuhan planlet anggrek Vanda. Pada medium tumbuh perlu ditambahkan suplemen nonsintetik yang berperan mempercepat pertumbuhan planlet anggrek Vanda. Tujuan penelitian ialah mendapatkan suplemen nonsintetik yang tepat untuk mengganti komponen medium Vacin dan Went (VW). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Kebun Percobaan Tanaman Hias Pasarminggu, mulai bulan Juni sampai dengan Desember 2007. Perlakuan yang diberikan ialah sebagai berikut. (1) medium VW sebagai kontrol; (2) KNO3 1 g/l + kasein hidrolisat 100 mg/l + ragi 1,25 g/l + pisang 50 g/l; (3) KNO3 1 g/l + kasein hidrolisat 100 mg/l + ragi 1,25 g/l + ubikayu 50 g/l; (4) KNO3 1 g/l + kasein hidrolisat 100 mg/l + ragi 1,25 g/l + kentang 50 g/l; dan (5) KNO3 1 g/l + kasein hidrolisat 100 mg/l + ragi 1,25 g/l + taoge 50 g/l. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah acak kelompok dengan lima perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media (1) KNO3 1 g/l + kasein hidrolisat 100 mg/l + ragi 1,25 g/l + pisang 50 g/l; (2) KNO3 1 g/l + kasein hidrolisat 100 mg/l + ragi 1,25 g/l + ubikayu 50 g/l; (3) KNO3 1 g/l + kasein hidrolisat 100 mg/l + ragi 1,25 g/l + kentang 50 g/l; dan (4) KNO3 1 g/l + kasein hidrolisat 100 mg/l + ragi 1,25 g/l + taoge 50 g/l dapat digunakan sebagai media alternatif pengganti medium Vacin dan Went. Pemanfaatan suplemen nonsintetik dapat menekan biaya produksi planlet.ABSTRACT. Widiastoety, D. and Nurmalinda. 2010. The Effect of Nonsynthetic Supplement on the Plantlet Growth of Vanda. Medium is one of the important factors in determining the plantlet growth of Vanda. Nonsynthetic supplement has to be added in to the medium to accelerate the growth of Vanda plantlet. The aim of this experiment was to obtain nonsynthetic supplement to substitute the component of Vacin and Went medium. The experiment was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesia Ornamental Crops Experimental Garden, Pasarminggu Jakarta, from June through December 2007. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments were : (1) medium VW without addition organic compound; (2) KNO3 1 g/l + casein hydrolysate 100 mg/l + yeast 1.25 g/l + banana 50 g/l; (3) KNO3 1 g/l + casein hydrolysate 100 mg/l + yeast 1.25 g/l + casava 50 g/l; (4) KNO3 1 g/l + casein hydrolysate 100 mg/l + yeast 1.25 g/l + potato 50 g/l; and (5) KNO3 1 g/l + casein hydrolysate100 mg/l + yeast 1.25 g/l + mungbean sprout 50 g/l. The results showed that (1) KNO3 1 g/l + casein hydrolysate 100 mg/l + yeast 1.25 g/l + banana 50 g/l; (2) KNO3 1 g/l + casein hydrolysate 100 mg/l + yeast 1.25 g/l + cassava 50 g/l; (3) KNO3 1 g/l + casein hydrolysate 100 mg/l + yeast 1,25 g/l + potato 50 g/l; and (4) KNO3 1 g/l + casein hydrolysate 100 mg/l + yeast 1.25 g/l + mungbean sprout 50 g/l could be used as an alternative media. The use of nonsynthetic supplement could reduce production cost of plantlet
Isolasi dan Uji Kemampuan Rizobakteri Indigenous sebagai Agensia Pengendali Hayati Penyakit pada Tanaman Cabai
Get PDFABSTRAK. Sejumlah cendawan patogen merupakan penyebab berbagai penyakit pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum L.). Oleh karena fungisida sintetik berpengaruh negatif terhadap lingkungan, akhir-akhir ini penggunaan mikroorganisme antagonis sebagai agensia alternatif pengendali berbagai jenis patogen tanaman semakin banyak diteliti dan dikembangkan. Jenis mikroorganisme tersebut ialah bakteri rizosfir nonpatogenik yang mengolonisasi perakaran tanaman, dikenal sebagai plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Berbagai jenis rizobakteri telah banyak digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit, di samping untuk memacu pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengisolasi rizobakteri indigenous Sulawesi Tenggara dari perakaran tanaman cabai yang dieksplorasi dari Kabupaten Konawe, Konawe Selatan, Kendari, Muna, dan Buton serta menguji kemampuan isolat tersebut untuk menghambat pertumbuhan koloni cendawan patogen (Colletotrichum capsici dan Fusarium oxysporum) di laboratorium. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh 20 isolat rizobakteri indigenous potensial (masing-masing 14 isolat P. fluorescens, dua isolat Serratia spp., dan empat isolat Bacillus spp.). Ke-20 isolat tersebut memiliki kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan koloni patogen target (C. capsici dan F. oxysporum) dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai agensia hayati pada tanaman cabai. ABSTRACT. Sutariati, G.A.K and A. Wahab. 2010. Isolation and Efficacy Trial of Indigenous Rhizobacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Fungal Diseases of Hot Pepper. A number of fungal pathogens have caused various diseases in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Since the utilization of chemical fungicides has negative impact to the environment, application of naturally available antagonistic microorganisms has been developed to control fungal pathogens. Rhizobacteria have been used for disease control and plant growth enhancement. The objectives of this experiment were to isolate local rhizobacteria from surrounding hot pepper roots, explored from Southeast Sulawesi especially from Konawe, South Konawe, Kendari, Muna, and Buton Regencies, and to characterize the effectiveness of the isolates to inhibit colony growth of hot pepper fungal pathogens, namely Colletotrichum capsici and Fusarium oxysporum. In this experiment, 20 potential isolates of indigenous rhizobacteria were found, i.e 14 isolates of P. fluorescens, two isolates of Serratia spp., and four isolates of Bacillus spp.. All of the 20 isolates were able to inhibit colony growth of fungal pathogens and potential to be used as biocontrol agents of fungal diseases of hot pepper
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk N dan K terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bawang Merah
Get PDFABSTRAK. Bawang merah merupakan salah satu sayuran yang beradaptasi luas. Salah satu jenis bawang merah yang banyak dikembangkan di dataran rendah adalah varietas Kuning. Produksi bawang merah di Sumatera Utara cukup rendah dan belum mampu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan lokal. Rendahnya produktivitas bawang merah di Sumatera Utara di antaranya disebabkan karena penerapan teknologi pemupukan yang tidak tepat dan tidak tersedianya paket pemupukan spesifik lokasi. Pupuk yang digunakan sesuai anjuran diharapkan memberi hasil yang secara ekonomis menguntungkan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk N dan K terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sumatera Utara, Medan pada ketinggian 30 m dpl. dari bulan April sampai Juni 2008. Faktor perlakuan adalah dosis pupuk N (0, 150, 200, 250) kg/ha dan K (0, 75, 100, 125) kg/ha, diatur dalam sebuah rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan empat ulangan. Bawang merah yang digunakan adalah varietas Kuning. Pupuk dasar meliputi pupuk kandang dengan dosis 15 t/ha dan SP-36 sebanyak 300 kg/ha, diberikan satu minggu sebelum tanam dengan cara dicampurkan ke dalam tanah. Pupuk N dan K diberikan pada umur 3, 21, dan 35 HST masing-masing ⅓ dosis. Penanaman dilakukan dengan membuat plot-plot pertanaman berukuran 1,5 x 1,5 m. Jarak antarpetak 0,3 m dan jarak antarblok 0,4 m. Jarak tanam bawang 25 x 25 cm. Penanaman dilakukan dengan cara tugal pada kedalaman 5 cm. Pengamatan hama dan penyakit dilakukan dengan metode PHT-SDT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya efek interaksi antara takaran pupuk N dengan K terhadap bobot umbi basah dan kering. Penerapan teknologi pemupukan dapat meningkatkan produksi bawang merah sebesar 64,69 g/rumpun diperoleh pada pemberian pupuk N 250 kg/ha dan K 100 kg/ha. Pemberian pupuk N dosis 250 kg/ha dan K dengan dosis 100 kg/ha memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata terhadap peningkatan produksi bawang merah. Hasil produksi tersebut sejalan dengan parameter tumbuh seperti jumlah anakan per tanaman, jumlah umbi, bobot umbi basah, dan memberikan produksi yang tinggi pada bawang merah. Pemberian pupuk N dosis 250 kg/ha dan K dosis 100 kg/ha pada tanaman bawang merah memenuhi syarat sebagai dosis pupuk bagi tanaman bawang merah dalam meningkatkan hasil, sehingga layak untuk direkomendasikan.ABSTRACT. Napitupulu, D. and L. Winarto. 2010. The Effect of N and K Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Shallots. Shallots is one of the vegetables that has wide adaptation. One variety of shallots that well adapted in the lowland is Kuning. Total shallots production in North Sumatera was still quite low and has not yet been able to meet the local needs. The low productivity of shallots in North Sumatera meanwhile, was due to inappropriate fertilizers application and no suitable recommendation of fertilization package technology for spesific location. Good recommendation of fertilization application was expected to increase productivity which economically profitable. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of N and K fertilizers on the growth and yield of shallots. The study was conducted in the Experiments Garden, Assessment Institute of Agriculture Technology Medan, North Sumatera, at 30 m asl, from April to June 2008. Shallots variety used was Kuning. The treatments were four levels of N (0, 150, 200, 250 kg/ha) and four levels of K (0, 75, 100, 125 kg/ha). The experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with four replications. Basic fertilizers used were manure (15 t/ha) and SP-36 (300 kg/ha), applied at one week before planting. N and K were given at the age of 3, 21, and 35 days after planting respectively with the dose of ⅓. The plot size was 1.5 x 1.5 m, and 0.3 m row spacing and distance beetween block 0.4 m, and 0.3 m respectively. Planting distance was 25 x 25 cm. Pest and disease observation were done using integrated pest control methods. The research results indicated that there was interaction between nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application to the fresh weight and dry bulb per plant. Application of fertilizer could increase shallots dry bulb yield up to 64.69 g/plant that was obtained by the application of 250 kg/ha N and 100 kg/ha K. The fertilizer application of N (250 kg/ha) and K (100 kg/ha) was recommended to increase the productivity of shallots in the area
Uji Adaptasi beberapa Galur Cabai Merah di Dataran Medium Garut dan Dataran Tinggi Lembang
Get PDFPenelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Wanaraja, Kabupaten Garut dan di Kebun Percobaan BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Sayuran (Balitsa), Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung. Jumlah galur yang diuji sebanyak 13 macamdan 3 varietas pembanding. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Jumlahtanaman per plot sebanyak 20 batang. Tujuan pengujian untuk mengetahui daya adaptasi beberapa galur cabai yangdihasilkan oleh Balitsa pada lokasi dataran tinggi Lembang dan dataran medium Garut. Terdapat 3 galur cabai besaryang menampilkan hasil di atas 600 g/tanaman pada kedua lokasi penelitian, yaitu galur 2699, Lbg 33-15-4-4, danSF-3, sedangkan galur 349-1, SF-1, SF-2, dan SFK-2 hanya berpotensi hasil tinggi di Lembang, dan galur AHP 24-12-6-8 dan SFK-1 hanya berpotensi hasil tingggi di Garut.ABSTRACT. Kusmana, R. Kirana, I. M. Hidayat, and Y. Kusandriani. 2009. Adaptation Trial of Some ChiliLines in Mid Elevation of Garut and Highland Lembang. The experiment was conducted at Wanaraja, Garut andLembang, Bandung. Number of genotypes tested were 16 including 3 check varieties. A randomized block designwith 3 replications was used. The experiment unit consisted of 20 hills per plot. The objective of the research wasto find out high yielding lines for Garut and Lembang as well as for others similar ecosystem. The results indicatedthat 3 lines showed high yielding at both Garut and Lembang, these were 2699, Lbg 33-15-4-4, and SF-3. Two linesAHP 24-12-6-8 and SFK-1 showed high yielding in Garut, while 4 lines 349-1, SF-1, SF-2, and SFK-2 gave highproductivity at Lembang
Penekanan Hayati Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Subang Gladiol
Get PDFPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendapatkan agensia hayati terbaik dalam menekan intensitasserangan Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli in planta melalui perlakuan subang gladiol. Penelitian dilakukan diRumah Kasa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, dari bulan Agustus 2005 sampaiJanuari 2006. Antibiotika 2,4-diasetilfloroglusinol (Phl), Bacillus subtilis, serta Trichoderma harzianum isolat jahe danginseng digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dengan kontrol fungisida benomil dan air hangat. Percobaan menggunakanrancangan acak kelompok dengan 8 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antagonis yangpaling baik dalam menekan penyakit layu Fusarium in planta adalah T. harzianum isolat jahe dengan masa inkubasi,intensitas penyakit, dan jumlah populasi, masing-masing sebesar 64,13 HSI, 15,55%, dan 20 upk/g tanah atauberpotensi menurunkan intensitas penyakit 83,34%. Selain itu, T. harzianum isolat jahe paling baik memengaruhitinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot basah subang dan akar, bobot basah batang dan daun, bobot kering batang dandaun, masing-masing 111,950 cm, 6,625 helai, 31,963 g, 39,338g, dan 6,075g. Panjang tangkai bunga dan jumlahfloret per tangkai bunga paling baik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan antibiotika Phl, yaitu masing-masing 83,33 cm dan6,13 floret per tangkai bunga.ABSTRACT. Wardhana, D.W., L. Soesanto, and D.S. Utami. 2009. Biological Suppression of Fusarial Wilt onGladiolus Corms. The research was aimed to find out the best biological agent in suppressing Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.gladioli in planta on gladiolus corms. This research was carried out at the Screenhouse of Agricultural Faculty, JenderalSoedirman University, Purwokerto from August 2005 up to January 2006. Antibiotic of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol(Phl), Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum isolated from ginger and ginseng were used with benomyl and warmwater as control. Randomized block design was used with 8 treatments and 4 replications. Results of the researchshowed that the best antagonist in suppressing the disease was T. harzianum ginger isolate with incubation period,disease intensity, and number of late population of 64.13 days after inoculation, 15.55%, and 20 cfu/g soil, respectively,or potentially decrease the disease up to 83.34%. The ginger isolate was the best isolate to improve crop height, leafnumber, corm and root fresh weight, leaves and stalk fresh weight, and leaves and stalk dry weight of 111.950 cm,6.625 sheet, 31.963 g, 39.338 g, and 6.075 g, respectively. The best flower stalk length (83.33 cm) and floret numberper stalk (6.13) were obtained from the use of antibiotic Phl treatment
Kualitas Buah Tomat pada Pertanaman dengan Mulsa Plastik Berbeda
Get PDFKondisi lingkungan merupakan salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman. Memodifikasikondisi lingkungan selain akan memengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman juga dapat memengaruhi kualitas buah yangdihasilkan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan dan Laboratorium Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, sertaLaboratorium Pangan dan Gizi, Fakultas Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Universitas Gadja Mada, Yogyakarta, pada bulanFebruari sampai Juni 2004. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok, 5 perlakuan warna mulsa plastikdengan 4 kali ulangan. Variabel pengamatan meliputi jumlah buah per tanaman, buah rusak per plot, berat per buah,diameter dan panjang buah, kekerasan buah, nilai kematangan buah, total padatan terlarut dalam buah, kandunganvitamin C buah, dan kandungan asam dominan buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa warna mulsa plastikberpengaruh terhadap parameter kualitas spesifik buah tomat. Penggunaan mulsa plastik merah dapat memperkecilpersentase buah rusak, namun menurunkan nilai koefisien kematangan buah, sedangkan penggunaan mulsa plastikbiru dapat meningkatkan kekerasan buah. Sementara itu, mulsa plastik hitam perak dapat meningkatkan kadar asamdominan yang cocok untuk budidaya tomat olahanABSTRACT. Setyorini, D., D. Indradewa, and E. Sulistyaningsih. 2009. Fruit Quality of Tomato Planted inDifferent Plastic Mulch. Environment conditions is one of important factor that may affect plant growth. Modificationof environment conditions will not only affect plant growth, but also fruit quality. This study was carried out in TheExperimental Garden and Horticultural Laboratory of College of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. The experimentwas set up in a randomize block design with 5 levels of treatments (plastic mulch color) and 4 replications. Parameterobserved were fruit number per plant, damaged fruit per plot, fruit weight, diameter and length of fruit, fruit firmness,coefficient of fruit ripening, total soluble solid, vitamin C, and dominant acid. The results showed that the color ofplastic mulch had a specific effect on tomatoes fruit quality parameter. The use of red plastic mulch reduce thepercentage of damage fruits but decreased the coefficient of fruit ripening. The blue plastic mulch had a significanteffect on increase fruit firmnes. Meanwhile, the silvery black plastic mulch could increase the dominant acid contentthat was suitable for growing processing tomatoes
Analisis Tingkat Preferensi Petani Brebes terhadap Karakterisitik Hasil dan Kualitas Bawang Merah Varietas Lokal Asal Dataran Medium dan Tinggi
Get PDFVarietas lokal bawang merah asal dataran medium dan tinggi potensial ditanam di dataran rendah Brebessebagai usaha untuk mengurangi penggunaan varietas impor. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi varietaslokal asal dataran medium dan tinggi yang adaptif dan disukai petani dibanding varietas impor di sentra produksi diKabupaten Brebes. Penelitian di lakukan di Desa Kemukten, Kabupaten Brebes pada bulan Juli-September 2006.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian partisipatif yang didukung dengan percobaan lapangan. Percobaanlapangan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Delapan perlakuan yang diteliti adalah 3 varietaslokal dataran medium (200-700 m dpl.), 2 varietas dataran tinggi (>700 m dpl.), 2 varietas impor, serta 1 varietas lokaldataran rendah (0-200 m dpl.) sebagai pembanding. Plot percobaan lapangan digunakan untuk mengetahui daya hasilvarietas yang diuji dan sebagai petak observasi bagi 30 petani partisipan dalam menentukan tingkat preferensi darivarietas yang diuji. Data penelitian partisipatif dikumpulkan dari jawaban tertulis petani partisipan pada kuesioneryang dibagikan peneliti pada saat petani melakukan observasi pada plot percobaan lapangan. Data petani berupa skortingkat preferensi (TP) petani terhadap atribut karakteristik daya hasil, jumlah anakan, bentuk umbi, ukuran umbi,warna umbi, dan aroma dari 8 varietas yang diteliti dan dianalisis menggunakan metode perceived quality. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 5 varietas lokal dataran medium dan tinggi yang diuji, varietas Menteng Kupadan Maja adalah yang paling disukai petani. Walaupun secara agronomis tingkat hasil dan ukuran umbi varietas imporlebih unggul dibanding varietas Menteng Kupa dan Maja, namun nilai TP total petani terhadap varietas lokal MentengKupa, Maja, dan Bima Curut lebih tinggi 16-21% dibanding TP total petani terhadap varietas impor Tanduyung danIlokos. Hal ini terjadi karena total karakteristik Menteng Kupa dan Maja dalam hal daya hasil, jumlah anakan, bentukumbi, ukuran umbi, warna umbi, dan aroma lebih disukai petani dibanding total karakteristik yang dimiliki keduavarietas impor tersebut. Varietas Menteng Kupa dan Maja merupakan varietas yang sesuai digunakan di Brebessebagai alternatif dari penggunaan varietas impor.ABSTRACT. Basuki, R.S. 2009. Analysis of Farmers Preference in Brebes to the Yield and Quality Characteristicsof Local Variety Shallots from Medium and High Altitude. Local variety shallots from medium and high altitude ispotential to be planted at lowland area of Brebes as an alternatif in reducing the use of imported varieties. The objectiveof this research was to identify local variety of shallots from medium and high altitude which adaptable and morepreferred by farmers in Brebes than that of imported variety. Research was conducted in Kemukten Village, BrebesDistrict from July to September 2006. The approach of research was farmer participatory research supported by fieldtrial plot. The field trial design used was RCBD, with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were 8 varietiesof shallots consist of 3 local varieties of shallots from medium altitude (200-700 m asl.), 2 local varieties from highaltitude (>700 m asl.), 2 imported varieties, and 1 local variety from lowland (0-200 m asl.) as control. The field trialplot was used to measure the adaptability of the varieties tested and as an observation plot for 30 farmers partisipants.Data from farmer participatory research were collected from farmer’s written answers on the questionnaire distributedby researchers. Farmer’s data were the level of preference (LP) of farmers to the characteristics of yield, number ofsprouts, bulb shape, bulb size, bulb color, and aroma of 8 shallots varieties tested in the field trial. The data was analyzedusing perceived quality methods. The results showed that local varieties from medium altitude namely Menteng Kupaand Maja were the most preferred by farmers. Agronomically, the yield of imported varieties were higher, and the bulbwere bigger than that of Menteng Kupa and Maja, despite of that the farmer’s level of preference on Menteng Kupaand Maja were 16-21% higher than that of the imported varieties of Tanduyung and Ilokos. The reason was that thetotal characteristics of Menteng Kupa and Maja in terms of yield, number of shoots, bulb shape, bulb size, bulb color,and aroma was preferred by farmers more than that of the total characteristics of imported varieties. Local varietiesMenteng Kupa and Maja were suitable varieties to be used in Brebes as an alternative of imported varieties