Kesmas: National Public Health Journal
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Utilizing Rapid Molecular Tests (RMT/RIF) in Tuberculosis Drug-Sensitive/Resistant Discovery in Indonesia: A Pilot Study
No full textThe underdiagnosis and underreporting of tuberculosis (TB) indicators are unresolved problems. The rapid molecular test (RMT) is one of the breakthroughs for TB case finding by using safer and more sensitive equipment; it is even believed to help find drug-resistant TB. The results of several webinars held regularly by a TB program as well as its evaluation and the use of RMT formed the basis of this study. This initial pilot study aimed to provide an overview of case finding for both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB using RMT. A cross-sectional study was conducted on samples in several provinces in Indonesia that have used RMT, both in remote or non-remote island borders areas and fiscal capacity. Regarding the use of RMT for drug-sensitive TB case finding, the largest contributors were males aged above 15 years, while in the drug-resistant TB case finding group, the biggest contributor was the use of RMT in 2017 and 2018. Overall, the findings could only describe the situation in the study area. The use of RMT in drug-sensitive TB case finding would be maximized if the detected cases are males aged above 15 years, while RMT can help find cases of drug-resistant TB
Kangaroo Mother Care in Improving Thermoregulation of Premature Babies During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Report
No full textPremature babies lose four times more heat than those with sufficient birth weight. Moreover, their body temperature regulation center does not function properly. This study aimed to investigate Kangaroo Mother Care's effect in increasing premature babies' thermoregulation during the COVID-19 pandemic at Hospital A in Malang City, Indonesia. This study was a case report with data from follow-up checks on premature babies discharged from the hospital. The Kangaroo Mother Care method, carried out by the mother, increased the thermoregulation of premature babies' temperature by 0.2ᴼC compared to the father. It was because women have a slightly higher body temperature than men. The comfortable body temperature for women was 2.5ᴼC higher than for men. Men had a lower body mass of fat, so it took an average longer time for metabolism. The Kangaroo Mother Care procedure, especially when done by the mother, can increase the body temperature of premature babies by conduction.Premature babies lose four times more heat than those with sufficient birth weight. Moreover, their body temperature regulation center does not function properly. This study aimed to investigate Kangaroo Mother Care's effect in increasing premature babies' thermoregulation during the COVID-19 pandemic at Hospital A in Malang City, Indonesia. This study was a case report with data from follow-up checks on premature babies discharged from the hospital. The Kangaroo Mother Care method, carried out by the mother, increased the thermoregulation of premature babies' temperature by 0.2ᴼC compared to the father. It was because women have a slightly higher body temperature than men. The comfortable body temperature for women was 2.5ᴼC higher than for men. Men had a lower body mass of fat, so it took an average longer time for metabolism. The kangaroo mother care procedure, especially when done by the mother, can increase the body temperature of premature babies by conduction
Development of a Medication Compliance Determinant Instrument for Low-Middle Literate Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
No full textDiabetes, a leading cause of 6.7 million deaths in 2021, poses a significant challenge despite existing interventions. Non-adherence to treatment remains a barrier to diabetes management. However, a comprehensive instrument to assess medication adherence determinants in diabetes patients’ population in Indonesia with low-medium literacy levels and following the sociocultural characteristics of Indonesian society has been lacking. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a valid and reliable instrument for measuring medication adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients based on the Borg and Gall model. Through the input of an expert panel, a valid and reliable instrument was developed, which comprised 21 questions and encompassed all medication adherence determinants, with a CVR and CVI value of 1 and a final Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.731. This instrument is still being tested and needs to be implemented in the right and wider population to obtain more accurate results
Developing a New Tool for Early Detection of the Nutritional and Health Risk Factors of Urban Workers’ Productivity
Full text linkNutrition and health play vital roles in work productivity. This study aimed to develop a risk self-assessment tool called Early Detection of the Nutritional and Health Risk Factors on the productivity of urban workers. This study was conducted in two stages: 1) the development of the tool to determine the nutritional and health risk factors that affect productivity based on literature reviews and scoring systems and 2) the testing of validity and reliability. Finally, the tool contained 63 items, including 28 items on nutritional risk factors and 35 on health risk factors. The validity of the tool was assessed using the content validity index (CVI): item-level CVI (I-CVI) and scale-level CVI (S-CVI), and face validity index (FVI) and reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Preliminary versions of this tool showed a high content validity (I-CVI = 1.00; S-CVI based on the average method = 1). The face validity index among urban workers was at least 0.90, and the overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.70. The tool developed is acceptable, but revisions are still needed, and sample sizes must be increased
Maternal and Child Health Handbook Utilization, Quantity and Quality of Antenatal Services, and Maternal Emergency Rates in Padang City in 2022
Full text linkThis study analyzed the relationship between the utilization of the Indonesian Ministry of Health’s Maternal and Child Health Handbook and the quantity and quality of antenatal care to maternal emergency levels. This study applied mixed methods with a consecutive sampling technique and included 108 mothers undergoing maternal emergencies at a central general hospital (quantitative) and eight mothers, seven midwives, and five cadres at primary health cares (qualitative) as informants. The result showed a relationship between the utilization of the Maternal and Child Health Care Handbook (p-value = 0.043), the quantity of antenatal care (p-value<0.001), the quality of antenatal care (p-value = 0.044) and the maternal emergency level. Not all mothers understood the benefits of the Maternal and Child Health Handbook. Most did not read it, and some mothers perceived that it could prevent emergency cases for them. The mothers were satisfied with the quality of the antenatal care services received. Maternal emergency cases are still quite high; hence, it is necessary to increase the use of Maternal and Child Health Handbook and the quantity and quality of antenatal care
Development of an Evidence-Based Tool to Assess the Relative Vulnerability of Different Communities to Tuberculosis
Full text linkIdentifying specific tuberculosis (TB) vulnerabilities in populations based on their geographical, demographic, and epidemiological characteristics is an essential yet challenging requirement to help reduce and eliminate TB. Assessment tools that can accurately quantify the risks associated with key factors could be used to measure TB vulnerability efficiently and indicate the most appropriate range of interventions. This study aimed to develop TB vulnerability assessment tools based on a TB vulnerability assessment conceptual framework developed with Leximancer. Three steps to produce the tools were facet analysis, interpreting the facet to create a list of questions, and expert judgment to confirm the suitability of the questionnaire. The “everything is data” principle was used to identify the data sources and build the tools. The data came from multiple primary data sources, with a questionnaire survey and observational form, and secondary data from various governmental statistical departments in Indonesia to collect data related to demography, health indicators, climate, temperature, and air quality. These tools will be optimized at scale next year to evaluate their utility for prioritizing and prescribing health system responses to TB in different communities in Central Java Province
Obesity and Asthma Risk in Indonesian Adults: Findings from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Research
Full text linkObesity and asthma are both global public health challenges. Mounting evidence suggests that obesity may increase asthma risk in adults; however, the association by sex remains uncertain. This study examined the association of obesity with asthma risk in Indonesian adult men and women. Data were obtained from the 2018 Indonesia Basic Health Research. The analysis included 299,837 men and 333,218 women aged ≥18 years. Asthma was identified by the self-report of a doctor’s diagnosis. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. A logistic regression was used for data analysis. Asthma prevalence was 2.7% (2.5% in men and 2.8% in women) and was higher in obese than non-obese adults. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of having asthma-related obesity was 1.22, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.17–1.28 (aOR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.21–1.34 in women and aOR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05–1.25 in men). In conclusion, asthma prevalence was relatively low in Indonesian adults and slightly higher in women than men. Both men and women had a slight increase in the odds of having asthma-related obesity. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand better the causality association of obesity with asthma in adults
COVID-19 Prevention and Control: Mining Industry Responses to the Pandemic
Full text linkThe rapidly growing global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic crisis affects the labor-intensive mining industry. The industry is characterized by high worker mobility and 24-hour operations; thus, this continuous, mobile workforce increases the transmission risk of COVID-19 and has been a challenge for the mining industry during the pandemic. PT X, one of the largest mineral mining locations in Mimika District, Central Papua Province, Indonesia, was challenged to face the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to analyze the COVID-19 handling efforts by PT X Concentrating Division using a descriptive-analytical method to describe the completion of PT X. The assessment aimed to examine nine critical factors formulated by the International Labour Organization and evaluated as practical steps to prevent and mitigate the virus spread in the division. Furthermore, an analysis was conducted on data related to COVID-19 handling. The results showed that the nine critical factors had an average value of 89.41%. These results indicated that the pandemic handling efforts in the division had been implemented well
Determinants of the Coexistence Dual Form of Malnutrition in Pairs of Mother and Child Aged 6 – 59 Months in Bogor District 2019
Full text linkThe dual form of malnutrition (DFM) is defined as multiple nutritional problems in the same household and time. This study aimed to determine the related factor to DFM incidence in pairs of mothers and children aged 6–59 months in Bogor District in 2019. This cross-sectional study used secondary data on the Nutrition and Health of Babakan Madang Subdistrict Toddlers in 2019 and Nutrition Intake and Stunting of Children Under-Five in Bogor District, West Java Province, involving a total sample of 274 households. The dependent variable in this study was DFM, while the independent variables were maternal age during pregnancy, maternal height, maternal breastfeeding history, parity, family income, mother's and father's education level. Bivariate analysis involving the Chi-square test and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression tests was used in this study. The results revealed that DFM incidence in the Babakan Madang Subdistrict in 2019 was 42%. The determinants of DFM that were significantly related were maternal height (p-value = 0.000), maternal breastfeeding history (p-value = 0.027), and parity (p-value = 0.049). The analysis results showed that the dominant factor in the prevalence of DFM was the maternal height (OR = 2.704; 95% CI = 1.615-4.528). It is recommended to improving nutrition in adolescence, especially in the case of girls in their role as future mothers
Measuring the Success of PeduliLindungi Application Use for Supporting COVID-19 Prevention: A Case Study among College Students in Jakarta, Indonesia
Full text linkThe Indonesian Government has launched PeduliLindungi (PL) mobile apps as a COVID-19 preventive tool. This study aimed to describe the PL utilization and determine the factors influencing its successful use among college students. This study used a cross-sectional design and a total population sampling at a university in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, Indonesia. The Delone and Mclean Information System Success Model was adopted to measure the use of the apps. The Spearman’s rank correlation test was performed to determine the relationship between two variables. Furthermore, 354 respondents participated in this study. The respondents used the apps mostly to display the vaccination certificate and check in/out from public facilities. The overall user satisfaction value towards the application was 3.83+0.76. The system quality (r= 0.621, p-value<0.001) and information quality (r= 0.626, p-value<0.001) were associated with the user satisfaction while the user satisfaction (r= 0.471, p-value<0.001), was correlated to the perceived benefit. In brief, perceived benefit was positively correlated with the user’s satisfaction, whereas user satisfaction was positively correlated with self-efficacy, system quality, and information quality