Kesmas: National Public Health Journal
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Health Promotion toward Knowledge and Intention for Early Detection of Cervical Cancer in Commercial Sex Workers
Get PDFCervical cancer is one of the cancer types that become a haunting danger for many women in the world. In Indonesia, the prevalence rate reached 0.8% or an estimated 98,692 patients. Its prevalence increased to 10% in the commercial sex worker group. This study aimed to explain the effect of health promotion on knowledge and intention for early detection of cervical cancer using the inspection of visual acetate method in the commercial sex workers. This study was quantitative with a quasi-experimental type, one group of pretest and posttest design. The population sample included the commercial sex workers at Genteng Subvillage, Patimban Village, Pusakanegara Subdistrict, Subang District and was determined by using an accidental sampling technique with 35 respondents. Data analysis used McNemar's test. The results showed that there was an increase in knowledge after the health promotion activity and a significant changein intention to perform early detection of cervical cancer. From the statistical test, a p value of 0.000 was obtained for each variable. In conclusion, health promotion has a significant effect on the improvement in the knowledge and intention of the respondents
Role Stress, Personality Type, Burnout, and Performance of Midwives towards Postnatal Care Program Achievement in Surabaya City
Get PDFThe coverage of postnatal care program in Surabaya City had declined since 2011–2013 and could not reach the target. This analytic observational study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted during April–May 2015 to analyze the effect of role stress, personality type, and burnout on midwives’ performance towards postnatal care program achievement in Surabaya City. A total sample of 45 midwives was collected from eight primary health care centers in Surabaya City with basic emergency obstetric and neonatal care services. Accidental sampling was used for sample selection. This study indicated that most of the midwives were aged 20–30 years and had an diploma level of education in midwifery. Majority of them were married and were predominantly contractworkers with <5 and 5 to <10 years workers experiences. Most of the midwives did not have role stress and had agreeableness personality type.However, majority of them had mild burnout and showed medium performance level. There was no influence of demographic characteristics, role stress, and personality type on burnout, whereas the performance was affected by role stress and personality type. The midwives’ performance was more influenced by personality type than by role stress
Pizza and Hamburger Consumption to Overweight among Adolescents in Jambi City
Get PDFJunk food is unhealthy and poor in nutrient quality, and may result in weight gain, obesity, and coronary heart disease, if consumed regularly. The prevalence of overweight in adolescents is 5-10% higher in urban areas. Adolescents undergo lifestyle changes, including in food consumption behavior. This study aimed to determine relation between junk food consumption patterns and overweight in adolescents. This study was conducted based on a cross-sectional design. A total of 137 high school students in Jambi City were involved in this study. Patterns of junk food consumption were assessed using food frequency questionnaires that examined the eating habits of study subjects. The variables were sex, maternal education, parents’s occupation, and family’s socio-economiclevel. Analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Nutritional status was measured using body mass index-foragewith WHO Antro software. The results of this study indicated a 23.4% prevalence of overweight in adolescents. After controlling for maternal education, father’s occupation, instant noodle eating habits, and tea, coffee and cookies consumption, final model showed that consumption of pizza and hamburgers among adolescents was the dominant determinant for overweight (OR=3.55). Consumption of pizza and hamburger was related to overweight among adolescents in Jambi City
Direct Experience with Cervical Cancer Patient, Husband Support, and Self-Perception as Determinant Factors of Women’s Desire to Take VIA Screening Test
Get PDFCervical cancer causes 10.3% women mortality in Indonesia. Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid (VIA) had been used for screening program since 2014, but only2.45% women took the test in 2015. In the place of this study, the coverage was at less than 1%. Previous studies revealed that psychosocial was animportant factor, but less studies analyzed the role of husband support and direct experience with cervical cancer patient. The aim of the study was to learncorrelation between direct experience with cervical cancer patient, husband support, self-perception and women’s desire to take VIA screening. Crosssectionalstudy was applied randomly on women aged 25-55 years old at four villages in Yogyakarta. All data were taken by questionnaire. Most of 188 respondentshad right perception of cervical cancer and the importance of VIA, but they did not receive adequate support from their husband. Few of them haddirect experience with cervical cancer patient. Statistical results showed that age, right perception and husband support were correlated with women’s desireto take VIA test (p value< 0.05), while direct experience with cervical cancer patient was not correlate. Women with right perception and husband support aremore willing to take VIA test.AbstrakKanker serviks menyebabkan 10.3% kematian pada perempuan di Indonesia. Inspeksi visual asam asetat (IVA) telah digunakan untuk program skrining sejaktahun 2014 tetapi hanya 2,45 % perempuan yang melakukan pemeriksaan pada tahun 2015. Di tempat penelitian, cakupan skrining metode IVA kurang dari1%. Penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan faktor psikososial sebagai satu faktor penting, tetapi sedikit penelitian yang menganalisis peran dukungan suamidan pengalaman langsung dengan penderita kanker serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari hubungan antara pengalaman langsung dengan penderitakanker serviks, dukungan suami, persepsi diri dan keinginan perempuan melakukan skrining IVA. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan secara acak padaperempuan berusia 25-55 tahun di empat kelurahan di Yogyakarta. Seluruh data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Sebagian besar dari 188 responden memilikipersepsi yang benar mengenai kanker serviks dan pentingnya pemeriksaan IVA, tetapi mereka tidak menerima dukungan yang cukup dari suami. Sebagiankecil memiliki pengalaman langsung dengan penderita kanker serviks. Uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa usia, persepsi yang benar, dan dukungan suamiberhubungan dengan keinginan perempuan untuk melakukan skrining IVA (nilai p < 0.05), sedangkan pengalaman langsung dengan penderita kanker servikstidak berhubungan dengan keinginan melakukan skrining. Perempuan dengan persepsi yang benar dan dukungan suami lebih bersedia melakukan skriningIVA
Impact of Budget Increase on Primary Health Care Performance in the Era of National Health Insurance: Case Study in Buleleng District
Get PDFSince 2014, there has been an increase in funds for primary health care (PHC) coming from the National Health Insurance program capitation funds and the Health Operational Assistance Fund. This study aimed to explore the effect of this budget increase on the health care services at PHC. The case study used a qualitative approach and interviews from 19 PHC health workers with the highest and lowest budget. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and supported by quantitative data. The positive impact of the increasing PHC budget was felt by PHC staff due to the addition of operational equipment and incentives provided. Nevertheless, there was also a negative impact such as feeling overwhelmed due to an increase in the quantity of PHC activities and additional administrative affairs. It also triggered a negative interaction between staff due to the number of incentives received. The regulation on the use of budget empowers PHC to better arrange the schedule of activities and manage human resources. However, these regulations are considered restrictive and the administrative flow of funds is too long that hinder the optimal use of the budget
Unsafe Behavior of Workers in Rotary Lathe Section in One of the Plywood Industries in East Kalimantan
Get PDFOccupational accidents and diseases remain the global health problem, two main factors for this are unsafe behavior and conditions. Previous study provedthat the main cause is unsafe behavior factor. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with occupational unsafe behavior in workers at PT IAW andanalyze the most influential factor. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2016 with 104 samples. Independent variables consisted ofperception, communication, supervision, the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), training and workplace temperature. While the dependentvariable was unsafe behavior. Data analysis used Pearson product moment and multiple linear regression. In conclusion, perception (p value=0.00, R=0.817),communication (p value=0.000, R=0.810), supervision (p value=0.00, R=0.529), availability of PPE (p=0.000, R=0.902) and workplace temperature arerelated significantly, very strong, positive and directly proportional to unsafe behavior, while training (p value=0.092, R=0.166) are not related. Perception isthe most dominant variable influencing unsafe behavior.AbstrakKecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia, dua faktor utama penyebabnya adalah perilaku dan kondisi lingkungankerja yang tidak aman. Penelitian sebelumnya membuktikan penyebab utamanya adalah faktor perilaku yang tidak aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisisfaktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku tidak aman dalam bekerja pada tenaga kerja di PT IAW dan menganalisis faktor yang paling berpengaruh.Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2016 terhadap 104 sampel penelitian. Variabel bebas terdiri dari persepsi, komunikasi,pengawasan, ketersediaan alat pelindung diri (APD), pelatihan dan suhu lingkungan kerja. Variabel terikat adalah perilaku tidak aman. Analisis data menggunakanPearson produk moment dan uji regresi linier berganda. Disimpulkan persepsi (nilai p=0,00, R=0,817), komunikasi (nilai p=0,000, R=0,810), peng -awasan (nilai p=0,00, R=0,529), ketersediaan APD (nilai p=0,000, R=0,902) dan suhu lingkungan kerja berhubungan signifikan, sangat kuat, positif danberbanding lurus dengan perilaku tidak aman, sedangkan pelatihan keselamatan kerja (nilai p=0,092, R=0,166) tidak berhubungan. Persepsi keselamatankerja merupakan variabel yang paling dominan memengaruhi perilaku tidak aman dalam bekerja
Controlling Factors that Potentially against Transmission of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever at State Elementary Schools in Yogyakarta
Get PDFElementary school is a place that can result in increase of dengue disease among children because of environmental factors, potential transmission, the absence of good environmental management system and some control efforts which are no longer effective. This study aimed to determine factors that potentially against transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever in state elementary school, so the early warning system can be enforced. Type of study was analytic with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in 91 state elementary schools in Yogyakarta City in 2014. Variables in the observation are virus serotype DEN, insecticide resistance, the density of vector and physical condition of schools. Data analysis used descriptive and correlation-regression (a = 5%). Results showed that there were eight schools with dengue virus serotype 2 and 3 mosquitoes declared to have mild and moderate resistance to organophosphate, the school environment was susceptible to transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever based on the container index, house index, breteau index and ovitrap index, temperature and humidity inside and outside were potential to the high density of eggs, wire netting was not installed on ventilation and the very close distance between the buildings could lead to transmission.AbstrakSekolah dasar merupakan tempat yang dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan penyakit dengue pada anak karena faktor lingkungan, adanya potensi penularan, belum adanya system manajemen lingkungan yang baik dan beberapa upaya pengendalian yang tidak lagi efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berpotensi terhadap penularan demam berdarah dengue bagi anak, sehingga sistem kewaspadaan dini dapat ditegakkan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 91 sekolah dasar negeri di Kota Yogyakarta. Variabel yang diobservasi adalah serotype virus DEN, resistensi insektisida, kepadatan vektor,dan kondisi fisik sekolah. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan korelasi-regresi (a = 0.05). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat delapan sekolah dengan virus dengue serotip 2 and 3, terjadi resistensi insektisida organofosfat tingkat ringan dan sedang, lingkungan sekolah telah rentan terhadap penularan demam berdarah berdasarkan container index, house index, breteau index dan ovitrap index, suhu dan kelembaban di dalam dan luar ruangan berpotensi terhadap tingginya kepadatan telur, ventilasi tidak terpasang kawat kasa, dan jarak antara bangunan sangat dekat dapat menyebabkan penularan menjadi sangat cepat
The Change in Mental Health Status of Indonesian Health Care Migrant Worker in Japan
Get PDFUnder the Japan – Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement, more than 1,000 of Indonesian health care workers have migrated to Japan. Social adjustment during the process of migration is linked to mental health changes. This study aimed to figure out the strongest predictor that influences the change in mental health status as a result of migration. Baseline data were collected in Jakarta in 2013 during pre-departure orientation. Follow-up study was conducted one year after the study participants migrated to Japan in 2014. Using longitudinal design, this study employed 92 participants consisting of nurse and certified care worker candidates. The multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to figure out the predictors that influence the change in mental health status. The prediction model expected to explain 39.9% of the change in mental health status, p value < 0.01, while sex (b = 0.201, p value < 0.05), economic conditions in pre-migration (b = -0.200, p value < 0.05), and the socio cultural adaptation competency (b = -0.238, p value < 0.05). This finding assumed that female candidates and those who have economic constraint in pre-migration stage, and those who have declining in socio-cultural adaptation competency tend to have lower mental health one year after the migration
Effects of Multilevel Intervention in Workplace Health Promotion on Workers’ Metabolic Syndrome Components
Get PDFApproximately 10–30% of adult Asian people had metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to reveal effects of workplace health promotion (WHP) with multilevel interventions on workers’ metabolic syndrome component. This study was conducted in 2014-2015 using quasi-experimental design with multilevel subject intervention in Indonesia. The WHP program for multilevel intervention group included 12 weeks of combined physical training, diet, health education, social support, and advocacy. The WHP program for control group included only health education. Instruments used included IPAQ, table of 24-hour food recall, physical measurement tools, and clinical laboratories. Data analysis used Marginal Homogeneity, paired sample t-test, Mc Nemar, and Wilcoxon test. WHP multilevel intervention could improve physical activity and the nutrition in accordance with diet of workers, in particular to increase the amount of fiber and a reduce cholesterol intake. The improved metabolic syndrome components due to the influence of multilevel WHP were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose levels (p value < 0.05). Overall, workplace health promotion multilevel interventions are effective for the management of metabolic syndrome components.AbstrakSekitar 10-30% orang Asia dewasa mengalami sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap efek Promosi Kesehatan di Tempat Kerja PKDTK dengan intervensi multilevel pada komponen/penanda pekerja yang menderita sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2014-2015 dengan menggunakan desain quasi experimental dengan intervensi subjek secara multilevel di Indonesia. Program PKDTK untuk kelompok intervensi multilevel berupa kombinasi latihan fisik, diet, pendidikan kesehatan, dukungan sosial, dan advokasi salama 12 minggu. Program PKDTK untuk kelompok kontrol hanya pendidikan kesehatan. Instrumen penelitian seperti IPAQ, table food recall 24 jam, alat pengukuran fisik, dan laboratorium klinis. Analisis data menggunakan Marginal Homogeneity, paired sample t, Mc Nemar, dan uji Wilcoxon. Intervensi PKDTK multilevel dapat meningkatkan aktivitas fisik dan asupan makanan yang sesuai dengan diet sindrom metabolik, khususnya untuk meningkatkan jumlah serat pangan dan pengurangan asupan kolesterol. Komponen sindrom metabolik yang membaik karena pengaruh PKDTK secara multilevel adalah tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, serta kadar glukosa darah puasa (nilai p < 0,05). Secara keseluruhan, intervensi PKDTK multilevel efektif untuk pengelolaan komponen sindroma metabolik pada pekerja
Provision of Informed Consent towards the Level of Anxiety in Pre-operative Patients at Mamuju District Public Hospital
Get PDFAbstractSurgery is one of medical procedures that can be a stressor causing anxiety in patient. In Mamuju district hospital, informed consent is considered as medical procedure.This study was aimed to determine the influence of informed consent provision towards the level of anxiety in pre-operative patients at Mamuju District Public Hospital. The population in this study was pre-operative patients. Accidental sampling approach was applied to obtain a total of 32 samples. This quantitative study used quasi experimental design with a non-equivalent time sample design which was analysed using the Wilcoxon statistical test. The results showed that there was the effect of provision of informed consent on the level of anxiety in pre-operative patients at Mamuju District Public Hospital. Informed consent can reduce anxiety in pre-operative patient at Mamuju District Public Hospital. AbstrakTindakan pembedahan merupakan salah satu tindakan medis yang dapat mendatangkan stressor sehingga menimbulkan kecemasan pada pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian informed consent terhadap tingkat kecemasan pada pasien pra-operasi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Mamuju. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pasien pra-operasi. Sampel ditentukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan accidental sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 32 orang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode quasi experimental design melalui pendekatan non-equivalent time sample design yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji statistik Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian informed consent terhadap tingkat kecemasan pasien. Dapat disimpulkan pemberian informed consent dapat menurunkan kecemasan pasien pra-operasi di RSUD Kabupaten Mamuju