Kesmas: National Public Health Journal
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Effect of School Community Empowerment Model towards Handwashing Implementation among Elementary School Students in Dayeuhkolot Subdistrict
Get PDFHandwashing with soap behavior in Indonesia remains a problem. The cause is associated with lack of awareness in handwashing with soap. This study aimed to determine effect of school community empowerment on handwashing implementation among elementary school students in Dayeuhkolot Subdistrict, Bandung District. This study used quasi experimental design with pretest and posttest, also descriptive and inferential analysis. Samples consisted of 24 teachers, 377 students at 4th – 6th grade and 24 little doctors. The approach method in this study was using integrated school health effort (combined model of fit for school and selected school health effort) consisting of six stages. Instruments were knowledge questionnaires, observation and checklist sheets. Handwashing with soap was evaluated for three months. Results found that score of little doctors in good category increased in skill of handwashing with soap from 0% to 100%, the skill among the students improved in good category from 0% to 87.5%. School community empowerment affects on handwashing behavior among elementary school students.AbstrakPerilaku mencuci tangan dengan sabun di Indonesia masih menjadi masalah. Penyebabnya dikaitkan dengan kurangnya kesadaran dalam mencuci tangan pakai sabun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberdayaan komunitas sekolah terhadap penerapan mencuci tangan di kalangan siswa sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Dayeuhkolot, Kabupaten Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimental dengan pretest dan posttest serta melakukan analisis deskriptif dan inferensial. Sampel terdiri dari 24 guru, 377 siswa di kelas 4-6, dan 24 dokter kecil. Metode pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan usaha kesehatan sekolah terpadu (gabungan model fit for school dan UKS terpilih), yang terdiri dari enam tahap. Instrumen terdiri dari kuesioner pengetahuan, lembar observasi, dan lembar checklist. Cuci tangan pakai sabun dievaluasi selama tiga bulan. Hasil menemukan bahwa terdapat skor meningkat dalam kategori baik untuk keterampilan cuci tangan pakai sabun guru dari 12,5% menjadi 100%, skor dokter kecil dalam kategori baik meningkat pada keterampilan cuci tangan pakai sabun dari 0% sampai 100%, keterampilan dari cuci tangan pakai sabun pada siswa meningkat dalam kategori baik dari 0% menjadi 87,5%. Pemberdayaan komunitas sekolah memengaruhi perilaku mencuci tangan di kalangan siswa SD
Evaluation of Momentum Male Sterilization Service Effectiveness as an Attempt to Reach MURI Record
No full textFamily Planning (FP) program achievement in North Sumatera Province is less encouraging. Total fertility rate in North Sumatera (3.0) is higher than the national (2.6) and contraceptive prevalence (55.9%) is lower than the national (61.4%). As one strategy to increase FP participation, momentum sterilization service was feared not to meet the medical care standard because related to Indonesian Record Museum. This evaluation aimed to explain service quality and satisfaction among male sterilization acceptors. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluation were done cross sectionally against FP officers, prospectives and acceptors who received medical procedure during momentum service performed in 13 health facilities in Medan City, North Sumatera on October 23 to 24, 2012. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interview towards subdistrict and village FP managers. Quantitative data regarding prospective acceptors and a structured questionnaire to subsample of male sterilization acceptors were collected by the provider at the service location. Results showed the relatively smooth preparation, mobilization, Information, Education and Communication, male sterilization services and its reporting records. Implementation of male sterilization service had served 1379 of 2001 prospective acceptors targetted, so the national record was achieved. Almost all respondents were satisfied with the services provided both by FP and medical officers.AbstrakPencapaian Program KB di Sumatera Utara kurang menggembirakan. Total Fertility Rate Sumatera Utara (3,0) lebih tinggi dibandingkan nasional (2,6); dan prevalensi kontrasepsi (55,9 %) lebih rendah dibandingkan nasional (61,9%). Sebagai salah satu strategi peningkatan kesertaan KB, pelayanan momentum sterilisasi pria dikhawatirkan tidak memenuhi standar pelayanan karena dikaitkan dengan rekor MURI. Evaluasi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kualitas pelaksanaan pelayanan dan kepuasan akseptor sterilisasi pria. Evaluasi bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif dilakukan secara potong lintang terhadap petugas KB, calon akseptor dan akseptor yang mendapat tindakan sterilisasi pada pelayanan momentum di 13 fasilitas kesehatan di Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara pada 23-24 Oktober 2012. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap pengelola KB kecamatan dan desa. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan provider di tempat pelayanan dengan menggunakan angket mengenai calon akseptor, dan kuesioner berstruktur terhadap sub sampel akseptor sterilisasi pria. Hasil menunjukkan relatif lancar persiapan, penggerakan, KIE, pelayanan sterilisasi pria dan pencatatan pelaporannya. Pelaksanaan pelayanan sterilisasi pria berhasil melayanai 1379 dari target 2001 target calon akseptor, sehingga mendapatkan REKOR MURI. Hampir semua peserta sterilisasi pria merasa puas terhadap pelayanan dari petugas medis dan petugas KB
Spatial Analysis of Determinants of Filariasis-Endemic Areas in West Sumatra
Get PDFWest Pasaman District and Agam District are filariasis-endemic areas in West Sumatra with prevalence of 12.40 per 100,000 cases and 11.27 per 100,000 cases respectively. This study aimed to determine risk factors associated with the prevalence of filariasis and mapping the vulnerability of the area in West Sumatra. A case control study design was conducted in the West Pasaman District and Agam District. The study used a sample of 74 cases and 74 controls taken by simple random sampling for the case and purposive random sampling for control. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate, multivariate and spatial. The results in Agam District showed that variables associated relation with filariasis (p value < 0.05) were the level of knowledge, plantations, the paddy, the ceiling of the house. The most dominant risk factor was knowledge. Type of vector that was found was Culex. While in West Pasaman District, the variable associated with filariasis (p value < 0.05) was the use of mosquito nets, the habit of dressing, marshes, and ceiling. The most dominant risk factor was the ceiling of the house
Acceptance of Medical Resume Completion at Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang Psychiatric Hospital
Get PDFThe health system in Indonesia has major changes by the enactment of National Health Insurance program. Medical resume takes an important role in health insurance claims, so delayed and incomplete medical resume completion will disrupt the process of insurance claims. This study aimed to determine effects of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude on doctor’s acceptance in completing medical resume at Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang Psychiatric Hospital based on Technology Acceptance Model. Technology Acceptance Model was used as a model in this study because medical resume is one form of information technologies that is still done manually. Data collection for this study was conducted in March 2016 by using questionnaires given to 32 doctors at Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang Psychiatric Hospital. Five-level Likert scale was used to measure each item of variables. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Square. The result showed that in general, physician acceptance at Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang Psychiatric Hospital againts medical resume charging is in the high category and has perceived useful and attitude in both categories, while perceived ease of use is in the medium category.AbstrakSistem kesehatan di Indonesia mengalami perubahan besar dengan diberlakukannya program Asuransi Kesehatan Nasional. Resume medis memiliki peran penting dalam klaim asuransi kesehatan, sehingga resume medis yang terlambat dan tidak lengkap akan mengganggu proses klaim asuransi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi kemudahan penggunaan, persepsi manfaat, dan sikap pada penerimaan dokter dalam menyelesaikan resume medis. di Dr Radjiman Wedyodiningrat Psychiatric Hospital Lawang berdasarkan Technology Acceptance Model. Technology Acceptance Model digunakan sebagai model dalam penelitian ini karena resume medis merupakan salah satu bentuk teknologi informasi yang masih dilakukan secara manual. Pengumpulan data untuk penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2016 dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 32 dokter di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Dr Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang. Skala Likert lima tingkat digunakan untuk mengukur setiap item variabel. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan Partial Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara umum, acceptance dokter di RSJ Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang terhadap pengisian resume medis masuk dalam kategori ringgi dan memiliki perceived usefulness and attitude yang dalam kategori baik, sedangkan perceived ease of use dalam kategori sedang
Equity Level of Health Insurance Ownership in Indonesia
Get PDFSocial health insurance from government program are expected to be able to reduce inequalities access to health services in the middle of rising of health care cost, while private health insurance is still limited for up and middle class population. This study aimed to analyze the equity level of health insurance ownership including social and private health insurance in Indonesia. This study examined the condition of Indonesia in the middle of entering National Health Insurance (NHI) era. This study used data of Indonesian Socio-Economic Survey 2012. Data were analyzed by using econometric approach through multinomial logit analysis. The results showed that the concentration index of social health insurance ownership was 0.615, which is smaller than private health insurance ownership (0.972). It means that Indonesia social health insurace ownership will be able to increase equity access to the health services especially for poor people (pro poor). Social health insurance ownership increases the use of the health services by people
The Use of “KakAyu Dental Flipbook” in Oral Health Knowledge Improvement for Elementary School Students in Depok
Get PDFEducating Indonesian children to improve their knowledge about the importance of maintaining oral health is needed. This study was aimed to explain relation between several factors in elementary school students, such as grade, age, sex with number of children in family or economic factor such as whether the mother is housewife or she earns regular income, which is affected by improvement of their oral health education. A quasi experiment pre-test and post-test without control group design involved 141 students as selected through purposive sampling. Samples were distributed to grade IV, V, and VI of private elementary school students in Depok, West Java, Indonesia in April-October 2016. Data collection used pre-test and post-test questionnaires. Data processing used Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and regression logistic. Results showed the improvement of knowledge level after implementing “KakAyu Dental Flipbook” education. The average result of respondents’ knowledge at pre-test was 80.85 ± 14.17, and 93.40 ± 9.84 at post-test. There is a relation between knowledge improvement and education using “KakAyu Oral Dental/Orthodonthic Flipbook” (p value = 0.001), but no significant relation between the variables (grade, age, sex, number of family members and mother’s working status) and oral health knowledge improvement of elementary school students.AbstrakPerlu adanya edukasi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anak Indonesia tentang pentingnya memelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara faktor siswa sekolah dasar seperti kelas, usia, jenis kelamin dengan jumlah anak dalam keluarga atau faktor ekonomi seorang ibu rumah tangga atau berpenghasilan tetap, yang dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan pengetahuan dari edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Disain penelitian quasi experiment pre-test dan post-test tanpa desain grup kontrol melibatkan 141 siswa yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Sampel tersebar pada siswa kelas IV, V, dan VI sekolah dasar swasta di Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia pada April-Oktober 2016. Data penelitian diperoleh dari kuesioner pre-test dan post-test. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dan regresi logistik digunakan dalam pengolahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan meningkat setelah dilakukan edukasi menggunakan “KakAyu Dental Flipbook”. Rata-rata hasil pengetahuan responden saat pre-test 80,85 ± 14,17 dan saat post-test 93,40 ± 9,84. Terdapat korelasi antara peningkatan pengetahuan dan edukasi menggunakan “KakAyu Oral Dental/Orthodonthic Flipbook” (nilai p = 0,001), namun tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel (kelas, usia, jenis kelamin, jumlah anak dalam keluarga, dan status pekerjaan ibu) dengan peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan mulut siswa sekolah dasar
Effects of Contraceptive Use on Productivity of Women Labor at PT. Bomar Makassar Industrial Area
No full textAbstractWork productivity is potential on the survival of a company. The use of contraceptives may affect the physiology of every woman, so it can affect daily activities and resulted in labor productivity. The aim of this study was to determine the contraceptive use effect on labor woman productivity by controlling with age, education and work motivation. Study with cross sectional design involved 71 married women workers of PT. Bomar Makassar who had got married. Data were found by interview using questionnaire on May to June 2015, then analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results of the study indicate that, there was an effect of contraceptive use on woman labor productivity after controlling for variables as age (p value = 0.011), education (p value = 0.022) and work motivation (p value = 0.028).Withouth being controlled by those variables, a significant result showing an effect of contraceptive use on work productivity was also found (p value < 0.05). The results of multivariable analysis indicate that there were two variables which consistenly affected the productivity, namely work motivation (p value = 0.010) and contraceptive use (p value = 0.010). In conclusion, there is an effect of contraceptive use on woman labor productivity. AbstrakProduktivitas kerja potensial pada kelangsungan hidup perusahaan. Penggunaan kontrasepsi dapat memengaruhi fisiologi setiap perempuan, sehingga dapat memengaruhi aktivitas sehari-hari dan akan berdampak terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan alat kontrasepsi terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja perempuan dengan mengontrol usia, pendidikan dan motivasi kerja. Penelitian dengan rancangan potong lintang melibatkan 71 pekerja perempuan PT Bomar Makassar yang telah menikah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner pada bulan Mei sampai Juni 2015, kemudian dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan alat kontrasepsi terhadap produktivitas kerja setelah dikontrol dengan variabel usia (nilai p = 0,011), pendidikan (nilai p = 0,022) dan motivasi kerja (nilai p = 0,028). Tanpa dikontrol dengan variabel tersebut, juga terdapat hasil yang signifikan yang menunjukkan dampak penggunaan alat kontrasepsi terhadap produktivitas kerja(nilai p < 0,05). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua variabel yang konsisten memberikan pengaruh terhadap produktivitas kerja yaitu motivasi kerja (nilai p = 0,010) dan penggunaan alat kontrasepsi (nilai p = 0,010). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan alat kontrasepsi terhadap produktivitas kerja
Rebon Shrimp Powder Addition Influence to Nutritional Values, Organoleptic Properties and Acceptance of Supplementary Food by Children Aged 4-5 Years Old
Get PDFMalnutrition and stunting prevalence in under-five children in Cirebon City are still high that reach 13.9% and 15.7%. Rebon shrimp (Acetes erythraeus) contains high protein and calcium. Influence of adding rebon shrimp in supplementary food (lemu porridge and steamed sponge) towards nutrition quality was investigated. This study aimed to determine effects of rebon shrimp powder on nutritional values, organoleptic properties and food acceptance. Laboratory test and Nutriservey software were used to measure nutritional value of rebon shrimp powder and nutrition of supplementary food. Organoleptic test used completely randomized design with four treatments (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% shrimp powder) and two repetitions. Respondents were 30 students of Nutrition Studies Program in Cirebon with 7 hedonic scale (organoleptic test) and 50 children aged 4-5 years in integrated health care (acceptance test). As the result, the level of ash, protein and calcium of rebon shrimp powder met the Indonesian National Standard. Energy, protein and calcium significantly increased (p value < 0.05). Nutrient content of steamed sponge per 100 gram with 5% rebon shrimp powder supplied 21.6% energy, 18.9% protein and 25.9% calcium on recommended dietary allowances. Preference level of color, flavor, taste, texture and overall were significantly different. Lemu porridge with 5% rebon shrimp powder was accepted by 80% of the children and the steamed sponge acceptance reached 88%.AbstrakPrevalensi gizi kurang dan stunting pada anak bawah lima tahun (balita) di Kota Cirebon masih cukup tinggi yaitu mencapai 13,9% dan 15,7%. Udang rebon (Acetes erythraeus) memiliki kandungan protein dan kalsium yang tinggi. Pengaruh penambahan udang rebon dalam makanan tambahan (bubur lemu dan bolu kukus) terhadap kualitas gizi diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bubuk udang rebon terhadap nilai gizi, sifat organoleptik dan daya terima. Uji laboratorium dan perangkat lunak Nutriservey digunakan untuk analisis nilai gizi bubuk udang rebon dan gizi makanan tambahan. Uji organoleptik menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan (bubuk udang rebon 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) dilakukan dua kali pengulangan. Responden adalah 30 mahasiswa program studi gizi Cirebon, mrnggunakan 7 skala hedonik (uji organoleptik) dan 50 anak-anak usia 4-5 tahun di posyandu (uji daya terima). Hasilnya adalah kadar abu, protein dan kalsium bubuk udang rebon memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia. Energi, protein dan kalsium meningkat signifikan (nilai p < 0,05). Kandungan gizi per 100 gram bolu kukus dengan bubuk udang rebon 5% memenuhi angka kecukupan gizi energi 21,6%, protein 18,9% dan kalsium 25,9%. Tingkat kesukaan pada warna, aroma, rasa, tekstur dan keseluruhan berbeda signifikan (nilai p < 0,05). Bubur lemu dengan bubuk udang rebon 5% dapat diterima oleh 80% balita dan bolu kukus mencapai 88%
Influence of Quality of Work Life towards Psychological Well-Being and Turnover Intention of Nurses and Midwives in Hospital
Get PDFAbstractNurses have been trained to provide patient care and improve patients’ quality of life, but their own quality of work life and psychological well-being are often disregarded. Nurses’ low quality of work life in hospital leads to nurses’ high turnover. The high rate of nurses’ and midwives’ turnover in hospital X Malang is an issue that requires hospital management attention to prevent low quality of health services in the hospital. The purpose of this study was to determine relation between quality of work life, psychological well-being and turnover intention of nurses and midwives in the hospital. This study used quantitative correlation design with cross-sectional approach, and the data were analyzed using Partial Least Square. The results showed that the quality of work life positively and significantly affected the psychological well-being of nurses, quality of work life significantly and negatively affected turnover intention, while psychologicalwell-being did not affect the turnover intention, so the psychological well-being did not mediate the effect of quality of work life on turnover intention. Quality of work life influences both psychological well-being and turnover intention, so the improvement quality of work life will reduce turnover intention and inhance the psychological well-being.AbstrakSelama ini perawat telah dilatih untuk memberikan perawatan pasien dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien, namun kualitas kehidupan kerja dan psychological well-being mereka sendiri terabaikan. Rendahnya kualitas kehidupan kerja perawat di rumah sakit menyebabkan tingginya keinginan pindah kerja perawat. Tingginya angka keinginan pindah kerja perawat dan bidan di Rumah Sakit X Malang merupakan masalah yang memerlukan perhatian dari manajemen rumah sakit agar tidak menjadi menyebabkan rendahnya mutu pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas kehidupan kerja, psychological well-being, dan keinginan pindah kerja perawat dan bidan di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Analisis data menggunakan Partial Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas kehidupan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap psychological well-being perawat, kualitas kehidupan kerja berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap keinginan pindah kerja, psychological well-being tidak berpengaruh terhadap keinginan pindah kerja, sehingga psychological well-being tidak memediasi pengaruh kualitas kehidupan kerja terhadap keinginan pindah kerja. Kualitas kehidupan kerja berpengaruh pada psychological well-being dan keinginan pindah kerja, sehingga peningkatan kualitas kehidupan kerja akan mengurangi keinginan pindah kerja dan meningkatkan psychological well-being
Increasing Use of Research Findings in Improving Evidence-Based Health Policy at the National Level
Get PDFIn February 2016, the Minister of Health decided to increase the use of research findings in improving the quality of the national health policy and planning. The Ministry of Health has instructed the National Institute of Health Research and Development or NIHRD to play a stronger role of monitoring and evaluating all health programs, because “their opinion and research findings should be the basis for changes in national health policies and planning”. Compared to the past, the Ministry of Health has increased the research budget for evidence-based research tremendously. However, there is a gap between the information needs of program and policy-makers and the information offered by researchers. A close dialogue is needed between the users (program managers, policy makers and planners) and the suppliers (researchers and evaluators) to ensure that the evidence-based supplied by research is useful for programs, planning and health policy