Kesmas: National Public Health Journal
Not a member yet
828 research outputs found
Sort by
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and House Conditions in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province
Get PDFKupang City has the highest Incidence of DHF in East Nusa Tenggara and also higher than the national figure. This study aims to analyze the relationship between housing conditions and the DHF incidence in the Kupang City. This observational study uses a case-control study in 25 villages with a total sample of 500 people. Data is analyzed using t test and chi square test. The house conditions were significantly related to the DHF incidence (p≤0.05), namely house lighting, water usage, wall construction, ventilation area and ownership of clean water facilities. People are advised to ventilate the house ≥10% of the floor area and often open the house ventilation as a place for air exchange and for entering the light into the house. Construction of the wall is expected to be repaired to be more permanent or close the open part so not as a mosquitoes path into the house. The government is advised to increase access to clean water for the community and promote to always clean water reservoirs and not hold water for a long time
Influence of Decentralization and Type of Patient on Loss to Follow-up among Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Indonesia from 2014 to 2015
Get PDFDrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) patients have a greater risk of loss to follow-up (LTFU) than drug-sensitive TB patients, due to their longer treatment duration. This study aimed to determine the influence of decentralization and patient type on LTFU among multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) patients in Indonesia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at all MDR-TB treatment healthcare facilities in Indonesia from 014 to 2015. Using total sampling technique, 961 patients were examined and sampled. Of these patients, 86.03% were decentralized. Patients were classified into types as follows: 35.17% were “relapse” patients, 5.52% were “new,” 13.94% were classified as “after LTFU” patients, 23.10% were “treatment failure category 1” patients, 20.29% were “treatment failure category 2” patients, and 1.90% were classified as “other types” patients. Decentralization reduced LTFU risk by up to 46% (HR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.35–0.84). LFTU in “after LTFU,” “treatment failure category 2,” and “other types” patients was higher by 50%, 53%, 74%, respectively compared to LFTU occurrence in “relapse” (baseline) patients. Among “treatment failure category 2 patients, female patients were 2.13 times more likely to have an occurrence of LFTU, while male patients were 0.55 times as likely to have an occurrence of LFTU, compared to “relapse” type patients of the same sex
Post Hypertension and Stroke: A Case Control Study
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the incidence of stroke including smoking status, past hypertension , past diabetes, diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption. The design of this study is case control with a ratio of 1: 1. The total number of respondents is 132 people. Research subjects were selected using systematic random sampling. This research was conducted at Ngudi Waluyo Hospital in Wlingi. Blitar, Indonesia in October till November 2017. Bivariate analysis showed that factors significantly related to stroke were smoking status (p=0.011, OR=2.6), history of past hypertension (p=0.00, OR= 6), past diabetes (p=0.015 ; OR=5,7), and unhealthy diet (p= 0,00; OR = 5,7). Multivariate analysis showed that factors that significantly influence stroke are smoking, having hypertension in the past, and unhealthy diet.Conclusion of this study was smoking, having hypertension in the past, and unhealthy diet are factors that influence the incidence of stroke. Maintaining normal blood pressure, maintaining a diet, and not smoking are precautions should be taken in order to prevent stroke
Implementation of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Program in South Jakarta
No full textEven though Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) program has been running in Indonesia since 2006, the proportion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women remains high in some districts in Indonesia. The PMTCT program aims to reduce transmission of HIV from mother to child. Thus it requires an examination of the PMTCT program implementation. The study was a qualitative study on PMTCT program implementation in South Jakarta, Indonesia, whereas the proportion of children with HIV positive in the area was quite high. The analysis used domain analysis by looking the implementation of PMTCT as a system consisting of input, process and output. PMTCT strategy is based on a comprehensive four-pronged strategy. This study found that scaling-up communication and education about PMTCT program from health provider to community was needed. In the first prong, there was no specific health provider for PMTCT program, it was still integrated with the MCH staff. PMTCT program did not disseminate information to the community.Therefore, it seemed that it was underutilized. In the second prong, implementation of HIV testing and counseling for couples of women living with HIV remained a bottleneck because women living with HIV felt fear to inform their HIV status to their partners. Thus, counseling and HIV testing for couples have not benefited at all. These women were unsatisfied with the quality of counseling, and the failure to provide antiretroviral treatments. This study found the low coverage and less responsiveness of PMTCT program to build a network of partners with various elements of government
Effect of Personal Protective Equipment during Pesticide Application to Neurological Symptoms in Farmers in Purworejo District, Indonesia
Get PDFAgriculture is one of major sectors of Indonesia economic source with the high volume of pesticide used. Unfortunately, adverse health effect of neurotoxic pesticide has never been reported in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE) during applied pesticides to neurological symptoms in farmers. This study was cross-sectionally conducted from April to May 2016 in Purworejo District. About 125 farmers were selected using purposive sampling, and restriction was applied in male farmers due to the high proportion of male sprayer. Data was collected by observation and interview. Logistic regression showed protective result of PPE used during preparing (POR=0.402; 95% CI 0.114-1.423) and spraying (POR = 0.382; 95% CI 0.110-1.320), also following wind direction (POR = 0.882; 95% CI 0.271-2.872) and bathing after spraying (POR=0.328; 95% CI 0.036-3.006) after controlled by confounders. Proper PPE used during preparing and spraying pesticide, following wind direction during spraying, and bathing after sprayingcan decrease risk of neurological symptoms because of pesticide exposure
The Risk Quotient of Sulfide Hydrogen toward Lung Vital Capacity of People Living Around Landfill Area
Get PDFWaste is one of factors causing air pollution in Palembang City. Volume of waste that should be processed increases every day, while condition of waste management service is still 70% of the total volume. The waste processing is managed by using open dumping system, which affects on the increase of air pollution. One of gases that exist as effect of the process of organic compound decomposition of anaerobic bacteria from garbage is sulfide hydrogen (H2S) pollutant which can promote health disorders, especially respiratory system. This study aimed to analyze correlation between characteristics (age, sex, nutritional status, smoking, and living distance) and the risk quotient of sulfide hydrogen concentration in air ambient to the lung capacity of people around landfillarea. This study used cross-sectional design with the sample of 78 people around landfill area. Data analysis used double logistic regression. Results showed that nutritional status (p value = 0.022, OR = 12.085) and RQ (p value = 0.016; OR = 7.547) significantly related to lung vital capacity of people around landfill area. People around landfill area having worse nutrition and lower RQ than the median were potential to have lung vital capacity disorder. The dominant variable significantly influencing to lung vital capacity of people living around Sukawinatan Landfill is nutritional status.AbstrakSampah merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya polusi udara di Kota Palembang. Setiap hari terjadi peningkatan volume sampah yang harus diolah, sedangkan kondisi pelayanan pengelolaan sampah baru mencapai sekitar 70% dari total sampah secara keseluruhan. Pengolahan sampah yang dilakukan menggunakan sistem open dumping berdampak terhadap peningkatan terjadinya polusi udara. Gas hidrogen sulfida (H2S) yang diperoleh dari proses penguraian senyawa organik oleh bakteri anaerob pada tumpukan sampah dapat mengganggu kesehatan, terutama sistem pernapasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik (usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, merokok, dan jarak tempat tinggal) dan besaran risiko konsentrasi H2S udara ambien terhadap kapasitas vital paru penduduk di sekitar tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) sampah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan sampel 78 orang penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil menunjukkan nilai status gizi (nilai p = 0,022, OR = 12,085) dan RQ (nilai p = 0,016; OR = 7,547) berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap kapasitas vital paru penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA. Penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA dengan nilai status gizi buruk dan nilai RQ lebih rendah dari median berpotensi mengalami gangguan kapasitas vital paru. Variabel dominan yang secara signifikan memengaruhi kapasitas vital paru penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPA sampah Sukawintan adalah status gizi
Factors Causing Contraceptive Acceptors Drop Out
Get PDFFamily planning program has a very strategic, comprehensive and fundamental meaning in creating a healthy and prosperous Indonesian human being. However, recently the incidence of drop out is quite high for several reasons. This study was conducted to determine the influential factors that cause acceptors to drop out. It is descriptive research. The populations in the study were contraceptive acceptors who dropped out for 3 consecutive months, and not being pregnant. The numbers of sample were 100 people. The data collection employed closed and open questionnaires; data presented in descriptive form. Influential factors of drop out contraceptive acceptors due to side effects were 38%, wanting children 18%, others (changing the method/ expired) 14%, without husband support in using contraception 22%, and others 22%. The period of using contraception after dropout 34% (3-10 years); express unlimited time (one day later) and unwilling to use contraception anymore after dropping out 23%. It is suggested that health professionals can increase the handling of family planning side effects, improve counseling, information and education related to the choice of short term non-hormonal contraceptive devices related to the selection of contraceptives for pre-menopausal age so that the decision making can be taken more appropriately, increase the competence of health professionals, increasing husband support, improving mentoring and monitoring acceptors who have dropped put to use contraceptives again willingly
Effect of Nutrition Counseling Knowledge and Attitude Toward Mother breastfeeding and Baby Growth in Sub Lubuk Pakam
No full textAbstractTo implement exclusive breastfeeding program, breastfeeding mothers should have a good knowledge. One way to gain knowledge is by providing nutritional counseling. This study aimed to determine the effect of nutrition counseling toward exclusive breastfeeding and nutritional status toward the knowledge and attitude of breastfeeding mothers in Lubuk Pakam Subdistrict Primary Health Care. This study was a quasi experimental with non-equivalent control group design. Samples of 60 mothers were divided into two groups that were 30 mothers who received intensive nutrition counseling at the intervention group inLubuk Pakam Primary Health Care work area and 30 mothers at control group in Tanjung Morawa Primary Health Care work area. The intervention group was given nutrition counseling intervention for three months provided in three sessions. The study was conducted in March-August 2016. The statistical analysis used t-test. The results showed that before intervention, knowledge and attitude in both groups did not differ consecutively with p value = 0.290 and p value = 0.658, after intervention both knowledge and behavior were significantly different p value = 0.000. While the average weight gain in infants in the first month was 1.25 kg in intervention group, 1.19 kg in control group , and in the second month was 1,44 kg in intervention group and 1 kg in control group. Paired tests show that there is effect of nutritional counseling toward knowledge and attitude in the intervention group.AbstrakUntuk dapat menjalankan program ASI eksklusif, ibu menyusui harus memiliki pengetahuan yang baik. Salah satu cara dalam menambah pengetahuan yaitu dengan memberikan konseling gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konseling gizi tentang ASI eksklusif dan status gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu menyusui di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Lubuk Pakam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental non-equivalent control group design. Sampel sejumlah 60 ibu dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok, yaitu 30 ibu yang diberikan konseling gizi intensif pada kelompok intervensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Lubuk Pakam dan 30 ibu pada kelompok kontrol di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Morawa. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan intervensi konseling gizi selama tiga bulan yang diberikan sebanyak tiga sesi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Agustus 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebelum dilakukan intervensi pengetahuan dan sikap pada kedua kelompok tidak berbeda secara berturut-turut dengan p=0.290 dan p=0.658, sedangkan setelah intervensi baik pengetahuan maupun perilaku berbeda secara signifikan dengan nilai p=0.000. Rata-rata kenaikan berat badan bayi pada bulan pertama pada kelompok perlakuan sebesar 1,25 kg, kelompok kontrol sebesar 1,19 kg dan bulan kedua pada kelompok intervensi sebesar 1,44 dan kelompok kontrol 1 kg. Paired test yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh konseling gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap pada kelompok intervensi
The Implementation of Documentation by Midwives in Pekanbaru
Get PDFMidwifery documentation is a recording and reporting evidence owned by midwives in performing care records that is useful for the interest of patient,midwives and health team. Documenting can be applied to the Subjective, Objective, Analysis and Planning (SOAP) method. This study aimed to determinefactors associated with the implementation of the SOAP documentation by midwife in Pekanbaru City in 2016. This study was a quantitative analytical observationalstudy with analytic cross-sectional study design. The population was all Independent Practice of Midwives or maternity hospital in Pekanbaru Citywith a total sample of 191 midwives with systematic random sampling procedure. Data were collected through interview using questionnaires and themidwives’ documentation records. The results showed that variables which affected the implementation of SOAP documenting method were the documentationformat (POR 15.988), supervision (POR 6.366) and attitude (POR 2.729). This means that midwives with the unavailable format are 16 times at risk ofcarrying out the documentation not in accordance with SOAP, while the midwives who are never supervised are 6 times at risk and the midwives with negativeattitudes are 3 times at risk.AbstrakDokumentasi kebidanan adalah suatu bukti pencatatan dan pelaporan yang dimiliki oleh bidan dalam melakukan catatan perawatan yang berguna untuk kepentinganpasien, bidan, dan tim kesehatan. Pendokumentasian dapat diterapkan dengan metode Subjektif, Objektif, Analisa dan Perencanaan (SOAP).Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan dokumentasi SOAP oleh bidan di Kota Pekanbaru tahun 2016.Penelitian bersifat kuantitatif analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian potong lintang analitik. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh populasi bidan yangpraktik mandiri atau di rumah bersalin di Kota Pekanbaru dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 191 bidan yang diambil dengan prosedur systematic randomsampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara langsung dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan melihat catatan dokumentasi bidan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanvariabel yang berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan dokumentasi SOAP adalah format dokumentasi (POR 15,988), supervisi (POR 6,366) dan sikap(POR 2,729). Artinya bidan dengan format yang tidak tersedia berpeluang 16 kali untuk melaksanakan dokumentasi tidak sesuai SOAP, yang tidak pernahdisupervisi berisiko enam kali, dan yang bersikap negatif berisiko tiga kali
Influential Host Factors to the Incidence of HIV/AIDS in Key Populations in Pati District
Get PDFHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are serious diseases in the world in which one of transmissionmethods is through sexual intercourse. This study aimed to explain the influential host factors to the incidence of HIV/AIDS in key populations. The study wasconducted in March-September 2016. The study was observational analytic with case-control design in key populations in Pati District. Cases were 53patients living with HIV/AIDS, while controls were 53 patients not living with HIV/AIDS. The sampling technique employed was consecutive sampling. Datawere obtained from medical records and interview questionaire. This study applied chi-square test to analyze bivariate data, and multiple logistic regressionto analyze multivariate data. Results indicated that the influential factors to the incidence of HIV/AIDS in key populations were inconsistent condom use behavior, records of suffering from sexually-transmitted infections (STIs), and forms of sexual activity. While, factors which were not influwntial to the incidenceof HIV/AIDS were multiple sex partner behavior, sex accessory use behavior, tattoo needle use behavior, injecting drug use behavior. In conclusion, severalinfluential factors to the incidence of HIV/AIDS in key populations are the inconsistent condom use behavior, records of suffering from STIs, and forms ofsexual activity.AbstrakHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dan Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) merupakan penyakit berbahaya di dunia yang salah satu metodepenularannya adalah melalui hubungan seksual. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian HIV/AIDS pada populasi kunci. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Maret sampai September 2016. Penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan kasus kontrol pada populasikunci di Kabupaten Pati. Kasus sebanyak 53 pasien positif HIV/AIDS, sedangkan kontrol sebanyak 53 pasien negatif HIV/AIDS.Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Data diperoleh dari riwayat medis dan wawancara kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji kai kuadrat pada analisisbivariat dan regresi logistik ganda pada analisis multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian HIV/AIDS padapopulasi kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah perilaku pemakaian kondom, riwayat menderita infeksi menular seksual, dan bentuk aktifitas seks kombinasi.Faktor yang tidak berpengaruh adalah perilaku multi pasangan seks, perilaku penggunaan aksesoris seks, perilaku penggunaan jarum tato, dan perilakupenggunaan narkoba suntik. Sebagai kesimpulan, faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian HIV/AIDS yaitu perilaku pemakaian kondom yang tidak konsisten, riwayat menderita IMS dan bentuk aktivitas seks kombinasi