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EFFECT OF Avicennia sp. FRUIT EXTRACT IN PREVENTION OF THE SPREAD OF Vibrio parahaemolyticus BACTERIA IN VANAME SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei)
No full textVaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the main aquaculture commodities in Indonesia because it has high economic value. But in the aquaculture it is known that there are diseases that cause death in shrimp before harvest time. Vibriosis is a disease caused by the Vibrio parahaemolyticus, bacteria which often attacks shrimp culture. Population control of Vibrio sp. done by giving immunostimulants and vaccines, as well as giving feed plus antibiotics. However, continuous use of antibiotics and improper doses will cause bacteria to become resistant and cause residues in the tissues. This study aims to examine the effect of Avicennia sp. fruit extract in preventing the infection of Vibrio parahae-molyticus in vaname shrimp on a laboratory scale. This study used the experimental method Complete Random Design (CRD), which consisted of five treatments with different concentrations of Avi-cennia sp. fruit extracts and three replications of individuals in the population. The results showed that Avicenniasp. fruit extract Avicennia sp. able to influence the inhibition of the growth of Vibrio parahaemolitycus bacteria and prevent the occurrence of vibriosis disease . This can be seen by the value of Relative Percent Survival (RPS) which is limitited to 50%, can slow down the time of death of the shrimp seen from the Mean Time to Death (MTD), and followed by a high Survival Rate (SR). The concentration that most affected the treatment was the concentration of 350 mg/l.Keywords: Avicennia sp extract, vaname shrimp, Vibrio parahaemolyticu
DIVERSITY OF BACTERIA IN SEDIMENT FROM MANGROVE AND BEKANTAN CONSERVATION AREA (KKMB) IN TARAKAN CITY
No full textBacteria in sediment plays an important role in various biochemical processes in the waters area, for instance degradation of organic matter, biogeochemical cycle, controlling ammonium, nitrates and nitrites concentration, food source for fauna, primary production, and pollution remediation. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of bacteria (Genus) in sediment on the Mangrove and Bekantan Conservation Area (KKMB), Tarakan City. The method used was explorative descriptive method with genus identification as parametric test. Bacterial identification parameters were tested using Gram-test, main test and further test was carried out at the Laboratory of Fish Quarantine, Quality Control and Safety Fishery Products Class II Tarakan. The bacteria found in the sediments on the KKMB were 16 genera i.e. Enterobacteria, Eubacterium, Listeria, Actinobacillus, Bacteriodes, Streptococcus, Plesiomonas, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Bordetella parapertussis, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Clostridium, Neisseria, and the dominant numbers found was Bacillus.
THE GROWTH KINETICS OF Bacillus sp. D2.2 AT DIFFERENT pH AND SALINITY
Get PDFIsolate D2.2 is a bacterial isolate with 97% homology level with Bacillus sp. This isolate is a biocontrol bacterium capable of inhibiting the growth of Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria. The use of biocontrol bacteria is one solution of disease problem in cultivation organism. Prior to being applied to the field, D2.2 isolates need to go through a series of tests, one of which is growth kinetics testing under various environmental conditions, such as different degrees of pH and salinity. This is because environmental factors can affect the rapid growth of bacteria. The purpose of this study was to study the bacterial growth kinetics of D2.2 at different pH and salinity. The growth kinetics was observed by measuring optical density (OD) through a method of turbidimetry using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 625 nm to the stage of death. The results showed that the fastest growth rate was found at 20 ppt salinity with 0.179 h-1 and generation time of 5,588 hours. While in all pH treatments, generation time and growth rates achieved all treatments have the same pattern
Performance of Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin and Vitamin Mix in Inducing Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus Rematuration
Get PDFThe research aimed to assess the performance of Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) hormone injection combined with vitamin mix to induce the rematuration of Striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus broodstock. Three PMSG and HCG treatments of 5 and 2,5 IU; 10 and 5 IU;also 20 and 10 IU/kg of broodstock body weight dosage combined with vitamin mix addition to fish feed and one control was used with four replications. The broodstock was reared for four weeks and weekly sampling for GR and SGR as well as hormone injection were performed. For the following two weeks, the broodstock was observed for maturation. Artificial spawning was conducted for broodstock reaching gonadal maturity. Statistic analysis of observed variables showed insignificant differences among the three treatments in rematuration parameters. The rematuration rate resulted in a 100% pregnancy. Broodstock treated with 10 IU PMSG and 5 IU HCG/kg of spawner body weight was able to reach maturity and spawned with the larval survival rate on the fourth day at 84,81%, thus it can be concluded that 10 IU PMSG and 5 IU HCG/kg of body weight as the best dosage
HEAVY METAL CADMIUM (Cd) AND LEAD (Pb) IN VANAME SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) COLLECTED FROM TRADITIONAL MARKETS IN MEDAN CITY, INDONESIA
Get PDFThe presence of heavy metals in the aquatic environment must be monitored continuously. This study aims to determine the amount of heavy metal content of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) on Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Determining the value of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) using an AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) device. It is known that the highest Cd content in the sample 4 (market pancing) which is worth 0.011 mg/kg, and the lowest is in the sample 6 (market sei kambing) which is worth 0.004 mg/kg. The value of the highest Pb value is found in the sample 3 (market merah) worth 0.019 and the lowest value is the sample 5 (market petisah) worth 0.008. So that the results of these tests can be concluded, that the content of heavy metals Cd and Pb in each sample of vaname shrimp is classified as low according to the World Health Organization (WHO), namely the maximum limit of Cd is 5.0 and the maximum limit of Pb is 2.0 while according to EUROPEAN UNION the limit of calcium Cd is 0.2 and the maximum limit of Pb is 0.5 because the vaname shrimp sample is still safe for consumption and can be an export commodity
SUNSCREEN CREAM BASED ON LOCAL RAW MATERIALS OF Sonneratia alba FROM TARAKAN CITY
Get PDFAbstrak Traditional products derived from the local wisdom of the Tarakan City coastal communities, namely in the form of cold protective skin powder from the sun which is made from mangrove raw Sonneratia alba. This product has potential to be developed to improve the economic value of local communities. They can compete with products other sunscreen products produced by industry (commercial) through cream preparation technology (sunscreen).This research was carried out for seven months (February-August 2018) in the Environmental Laboratory of FPIK UBT, Samarinda Pharmacy laboratory (AKFARSAM), and the UNMUL Mathematics and Biochemistry laboratory. The research procedure used maserasi method with 70% ethanol solvent followed by concentrating the extract using a rotary evaporator to obtain extracts of active ingredients and carried out qualitative phytochemical testing. The obtained active ingredient was is then formulated into a sunscreen cream preparation. The level of protection of mixed sunscreen cold powder and commercial cream were tested by using UV-VIS spectrophotometer to see the value of Sun Protection Factor (SPF) at absorbance of 290-320 nm. Qualitative phytochemical test showed that on S.alba contains of positive alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, steroids, and tannins, and negative saponins. ANOVA statistical analysis (95%) based on the calculated F value <F table so that H1 is rejected and H0 is accepted, ie there is no difference in SPF values among sunscreen products tested in this study. Based on the category of sunscreen ability, it is known that the SPF value of the three different products tested in this study ranged from maximum to ultra categories with pH values ranging from 6.5-7.5
REDUCTION OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA DURING FERMENTATION OF MASIN BY PROTEASE AND BACTERIOCIN-PRODUCING LACTIC ACID BACTERIA
Get PDFContamination of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria on fermentation process of seafood and fisheries product is a major concern on food safety. The aims of this study were isolating and applying the bacteriocin- and protease-producing lactic acid bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract of mud crab for starter culture of masin, a traditional fermented shrimp from East Java. This study consisted of characterization of lactic acid bacteria, the application on the fermentation process and microbial analysis. Ninety-four isolates were isolated from mud crab was screened for the bacteriocin and protease producing as well as characterized by pH, salinity and biochemical. Isolate IKP-29 was exhibited strong protease and bacteriocin activity. Application of Isolate IKP-29 on masin fermentation showed that sharp reduction of Escherichia coli, Vibrio sp. and lactic acid bacteria counted. This study suggested that the application of lactic acid bacteria which producing bacteriocin and protease improved the food safety of traditional fermented fish
MEDIA POROSITY in SILK WORM CULTURE (Tubifex sp.)
Get PDFThe content of organic matter can affect the growth of silk worms (Tubifex sp.). In addition, media porosity can also have an effect. This study aims to determine the effect of porosity on the cultivation of silk worm by using media of mud and sandy mud. The analysis used a complete randomized design method with three replications. The silk worm population in mud and sandy mud is 521 and 984, with ABW (Average Body Weight) growth of 0.3 mg and 0.1 mg. These results prove that porosity affects the population, whereas organic matter affects the weight of silk worms. So it can be concluded that the use of sandy mud media produces a higher population, but has lower ABW than the mud media
THE EFFECT OF ADDITION CURCUMA’S (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb) EXTRACT TO THE INCREASE OF FEED CONSUMPTION, EFFICIENCY AND THE GROWTH OF CATFISH (Pangasius)
Get PDF Catfish (Pangasius sp.) Is one of the most cultivated freshwater fish, because it is one of the fish that has a high economic value. However, the use of phytopharmaca is used to improve feed efficiency and fish growth. One of the phytopharmaca which can be used as an antimicrobial is temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb). This study aims to determine the optimal dose of the effect of temulawak extract on artificial feed in increasing feed consumption, efficiency of feed utilization, and growth rate of catfish (Pangasius sp.). The test fish is maintained with a stocking density of 1 tail / l with a maintenance time of 42 days. This study used an experimental method with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments in this study were Treatment A (addition of 0 ml ginger extract), B (addition of 6 ml temulawak extract), C (addition of 12 ml curcuma extract), and D (addition of 18 ml ginger extract). The data observed included absolute weight, crime scene, EPP, SGR, REP, SR and water quality. The results showed that the addition of temulawak extract to artificial feed had a very significant effect on absolute weights, crime scenes, EPP, SGR, REP but did not differ significantly for survival. The optimum dose of addition of curcuma extract to total feed consumption is 11 ml capable of producing a maximum crime scene of 168.1 g, efficiency of feed utilization is 10.5 ml capable of producing a maximum EPP of 70.3% and specific growth rate is 10.8 ml resulting in maximum SGR 2.46% / da
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITY TO GROWTH RATE OF CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus, Burch) CULTURED IN BIOFLOC AND NITROBACTER MEDIA
Get PDFCatfish is one of the freshwater commodities whose demand continues to increase in Indonesia. Intensive cultivation is done to meet market demand. Intensive cultivation is done by optimizing stocking density. The aim of this research was to know the effect of different density on feed productivity, growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival of catfish dumbo fry (Clarias gariepinus, Burch) in biofloc and nitrobacter media. This study used a completely randomized design (RAL) with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The test animalsused catfish dumbo (Clarias gariepinus, Burch) with an average weight of 0,6 ± 0,1g and an average length of 4 cm. Catfish dombo seeds are kept in tarpaulin ponds 2 m in diameter with water volume ± 1 m3 for 45 days and feeding 3% of biomass weight. The results showed that the different density of stockingin biofloc and nitrobacter media had increase on productivity, specific growth rate, feed efficiency and no significant effect on the survival of catfish dumbo fry