MTA-SZTE Research Group on Artificial Intelligence

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    Maintenance of Mental Health: The Role of Physical Activity Among Young Adults

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    Background: Young adults, particularly university students, are at increased risk for psychological distress and burnout. Regular physical activity is widely recognized as a protective factor for mental health. This study aimed to compare physically active and inactive college students in terms of perceived stress, well-being, burnout, and resilience. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Hungarian university students (N = 264; 24.6% male; mean age = 24.21 years). Participants completed validated questionnaires assessing physical activity habits, perceived stress, resilience, and academic burnout. Results: Results showed that students engaging in regular physical activity reported significantly lower levels of perceived stress (Cohen’s d = 0.288) and burnout (Cohen’s d = 0.277), and higher resilience (Cohen’s d = 0.258) and well-being (Cohen’s d = 0.322) compared to their inactive peers. Correlation analyses confirmed strong associations between lower stress, reduced burnout, and greater resilience and well-being. Cluster analysis revealed two distinct psychological profiles: one characterized by higher mental hazards (stress and burnout) and the other by higher mental assets (resilience and well-being). Physical activity was strongly associated with membership in the mentally resilient cluster. Conclusions: These findings underscore the mental benefits of remaining physically active and highlight the importance of physical activity within university settings as a key strategy to enhance resilience, reduce academic burnout, and support the maintenance of mental health among young adults. However, the cross-sectional design, reliance on self-report measures, and convenience sampling limit causal interpretation and generalizability

    A nemzeti menekültpolitika nemzetközi és uniós jogi korlátai: a migrációs válság tíz éve után

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    A migrációs válság tíz éve alatt Magyarország menekültpolitikája paradigmaváltáson esett át, és számos jogi eszközt bevetett e változó szakpolitika céljainak megvalósítására. E jogi eszközök némelyike viszont átlépte a nemzetközi jog és az uniós jog által emelt korlátokat. A tanulmány áttekinti és összegzi, hogy milyen intézkedések, és milyen okból kerültek ellentétbe ezekkel a kötelezettségekkel

    Clinical and Proteomic Associations of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccination in Multimorbid Patients: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

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    Vaccines played a crucial role in the COVID-19 pandemic, but their long-term biological effects and efficacy in vulnerable populations remain under intensive investigation. This study assessed clinical outcomes, comorbidities, and systemic biomarker and proteomic profiles in 366 multimorbid patients, stratified into four groups based on SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination status (COV+ vac+, COV+ vac-, COV- vac+, COV- vac-). Clinical and laboratory data, including comorbidities and relevant biomarkers, were collected. Proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry was performed to identify molecular changes associated with infection and vaccination. Statistical analyses examined associations between clinical status, biomarkers, and patient outcomes. As most participants received mRNA-based vaccines, the results primarily reflect responses to spike protein-expressing platforms. Biomarkers of cardiac and renal stress-namely proBNP and carbamide-were elevated in vaccinated individuals. Five deaths occurred in the COV+ vac+ group and two in the COV+ vac- group, most of which were attributed to exacerbations of pre-existing chronic diseases rather than to COVID-19 pneumonia. Protection against breakthrough infections waned over time, particularly beyond 200 days post-vaccination. Mass spectrometry identified proteins such as actin, fibrinogen chains, and SAA2 as potential diagnostic targets. Although the cross-sectional observational design limits the ability to draw causal inferences, the observed waning immunity and potential systemic alterations in vaccinated multimorbid patients highlight the importance of longitudinal follow-up to guide tailored immunization strategies and post-vaccination monitoring in high-risk groups

    Hard-Boiled Reinvestigations of African American History in Barbara Neely’s Blanche on the Lam (1992) and Blanche Among the Talented Tenth (1994)

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    Barbara Neely’s first two hard-boiled novels manifest features of contemporary narratives of slavery. The paper investigates the hybrid and seemingly ambiguous co-presence of two generic traditions in Neely: the hard-boiled crime novel’s lonely detective hero and scepticism are contrasted to the neo-slave narrative’s trickster protagonist and hopeful stance. The paper demonstrates that the hybrid presence of the two generic traditions withstands a binary logic of social scepticism versus hope. Neely’s novels trace a personal strategy of social resistance performed by Blanche White, Neely’s black female detective, who fights institutional racism via individual acts of speaking out and producing alternative knowledge. (ÁZSK

    Bias, study quality, and confounding in temporomandibular disorder research compared to general orthodontic studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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    Background/Objectives: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a heterogeneous subset of orthodontic conditions with persistent diagnostic and reporting variability. This review compared transparency, reporting quality, and spin prevalence in TMD/TMJ (temporomandibular joint)-focused orthodontic randomized controlled trials (RCTs) versus general orthodontic RCTs. Methods: The review followed PRISMA 2020 and was registered in PROSPERO (4201024184). Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from the earliest available records in each database up to 15 October 2025. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed human orthodontic RCTs. Five transparency indicators (funding disclosure, bias discussion, confounder consideration, protocol registration, reporting-guideline adherence) and five spin indicators (selective focus, unsupported efficacy claims, emphasis on benefits, recommendations despite nonsignificance, “trend toward significance” language) were coded dichotomously. Beta–binomial mixed-effects models compared composite scores between groups, adjusting for publication era, impact factor, and journal clustering. Results: Among 874 included trials (840 general, 34 TMD/TMJ-focused), TMD/TMJ-focused studies showed lower adjusted transparency (odds ratio (OR) = 0.58; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34–0.99; p = 0.047), mainly due to limited registration and incomplete guideline adherence. Predicted transparency proportions were 0.82 for general and 0.73 for TMD/TMJ-focused studies. Composite spin did not differ (OR = 1.05; 95% CI 0.68–1.62; p = 0.821), though TMD/TMJ-focused abstracts more often emphasized benefits (OR = 4.62) and recommended interventions despite nonsignificant primary outcomes (OR = 2.83). Conclusions: TMD-focused orthodontic trials exhibited lower transparency and a distinct pattern of interpretive spin, particularly a greater tendency to emphasize benefits or recommend interventions despite non-significant results, compared with general orthodontic research

    Ressortissants hongrois au Levant, 1945-1946

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