MTA-SZTE Research Group on Artificial Intelligence
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Exploring the variety-specific roles of glutathione transferases in tomato osmotic stress response
Get PDFUnderstanding the Dynamic of Fake Accounts to Combat Hoax Dissemination
Get PDFThe prevalence of hoaxes in Indonesia is not a new phenomenon. Over the past three years, there has been a consistent increase in the dissemination of hoaxes across various platforms in the country. Furthermore, with the onset of the pandemic, the spread of hoaxes related to Covid-19 has become particularly rampant. In 2021 itself, the Ministry of Communications and Informatics identified and debunked a total of 723 hoaxes pertaining to Covid-19. This research paper aims to examine the current state of hoax dissemination in Indonesia and identify the key factors contributing to their spread. The study adopts a normative legal research approach, drawing on data derived from books, journals, relevant laws, and regulations. The findings reveal that social media platforms play a significant role in the proliferation of hoaxes throughout Indonesia. The presence of numerous anonymous or fake accounts facilitates the easy dissemination of hoaxes via social media. Moreover, the lack of due diligence in verifying and fact-checking information creates a loophole that allows hoaxes to circulate within the community. In order to address this issue effectively, it is crucial to implement measures that target the root causes of hoax dissemination. This includes the development of stricter regulations and enforcement mechanisms to combat the creation and spread of hoaxes, particularly on social media platforms. By comprehensively understanding the dynamics and factors influencing the spread of hoaxes in Indonesia, policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and the general public can work together to combat this pressing issue
Dysregulation of innate and adaptive lymphoid immunity may have implications for symptom attribution and predict responses to targeted therapies in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Get PDFObjectives: To gain insights into the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) and identify potential drug targets through investigation of whole-blood human transcriptome. Methods: We analysed differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood from active central nervous system (CNS) lupus (n = 26) and active non-neuropsychiatric SLE (n = 38) patients versus healthy controls (n = 497) from the European PRECISESADS project (NTC02890121). We further explored dysregulated gene modules in active CNS lupus and their correlation with serological markers. Lastly, we performed regulatory network and druggability analysis. Results: Unsupervised weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed 23 dysregulated gene modules and two subgroups of active CNS lupus. The interferon gene module was prominently upregulated in subgroup 1, while the B cell, T cell, and cytotoxic/natural killer (NK) cell modules were downregulated. Subgroup 2 showed less marked dysregulation patterns. Subgroup 1 had lower estimated proportions of lymphoid cell subsets and proportionally more patients positive for anti-dsDNA antibodies compared to subgroup 2, pointing to molecularly distinct subgroups or misclassification of subgroup 2. In silico prediction algorithms demonstrated a greater anticipated response to anifrolumab, C3 inhibitors, and calcineurin inhibitors for patients in CNS lupus subgroup 1 compared with subgroup 2. Conclusions: Gene dysregulation patterns related to innate and adaptive lymphoid immunity separated active CNS lupus patients into two distinct subgroups with differential anticipated response to type I interferon, C3, and calcineurin inhibition. Our study provides a conceptual framework for precision medicine in NPSLE and implications for overcoming the major clinical challenge of attributing neuropsychiatric features to SLE versus other causes. © 2025 The Author
Judicial Independence as a Guarantee of Confidence in the Judiciary : Adequate Remuneration of Judges as a Prevention of Coruption
Get PDFJudicial independence, which is inherent in the task of adjudication, is inseparable from judicial practice and integral to the task of judicial decision-making. Mentioning judicial independence notions like institutional, procedural and personal guarantees of it usually come to mind. Hundreds and even thousands of studies talk about the rules of the appointment and promotion of judges, their immovability, the order of distribution of cases, the right to a legal judge, political, economic and official conflicts of interest, etc. At the same time, in scientific literature, little is said about the remuneration and financial independence of judges even though these are also essential parts of judicial independence. An efficient and timely functioning justice system, which greatly helps society’s sense of security, economic growth and guarantees clean and predictable legal relations, can only be achieved by having a court that is independent in all respects, literally. This study argues that it is crucial for the Member States, here I put my focus on the European Union and its’ Member States, to recognize the responsibility of judges with adequate remuneration. If judges’ salaries do not conform to the dignity and responsibility of the profession, then the public’s confidence in the judiciary weakens, because it undermines judicial independence and as a possible side-effect economic crime, especially corruption can appear, grow and flourish. Therefore, the main question is whether a judge can be independent without appropriate remuneration or not
Zene és lélek: A hangok érzelmi hatásai
Get PDFA zene számos pszichológiai és élettani folyamatot aktivál, ami segít a stressz, a szorongás és a depresszió kezelésében (Dubey és Cherian, 2024). Például a lassú tempójú zene elősegítheti a relaxációt a kortizolszint csökkentésével és az idegrendszer megnyugtatásával, míg a lendületesebb
dallamok a dopamin felszabadításával javíthatják a hangulatot (Koelsch, 2014; Tervaniemi és mtsai, 2021).
Ez a tanulmány a zene érzelemszabályozásban betöltött szerepét vizsgálja, feltárja a zene érzelmekre gyakorolt hatásának mechanizmusait, és kiemeli annak egyre növekvő terápiás jelentőségét
Adolescent self‐construal across cultures: Measurement invariance of the Aspects of Identity Questionnaire‐IV in 30 countries
Get PDFDespite the critical role of culture in understanding adolescent self and identity, there is a lack of cross‐culturally validated measures of adolescent self‐construal. The present study evaluated cross‐national measurement invariance of the Aspects of Identity Questionnaire‐IV (AIQ‐IV), assessing four dimensions of self‐construal: personal, relational, public, and collective. The sample included 16,795 adolescents aged 14–19 years from 30 countries across four continents. The four‐factor structure of the AIQ‐IV obtained using exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was supported in the vast majority of countries. Exact invariance testing using multi‐group ESEM supported configural invariance, indicating that the overall structure of the AIQ‐IV was similar across countries. Full scalar invariance was supported only on a subset of countries (i.e., when tests were conducted using European countries grouped by UN geographical regions). An alignment approach provided evidence for the approximate invariance of the ESEM model, with 15.6% of parameters showing noninvariance and allowing for comparison of latent means. The largest number of noninvariant parameters was evident in Asian countries, with items assessing collective‐interdependent aspects of identity showing the most variation across countries. A comparison of mean levels of identity orientations across countries revealed that culture‐level dimensions of collectivism–individualism do not translate simply into individual‐level dimensions of self‐construal
Placental Volume, Vascularization, and Epigenetic Modifications in Obesity and Gestational Diabetes: A 3-D Ultrasound and Molecular Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are the most common metabolic conditions that have an unfavorable impact on maternal and fetal health. Maternal obesity and GDM are often associated with placental dysfunction and structural alterations. The apelin receptor (APLNR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), leptin, and DNA methylation play crucial roles in placental function. We aimed to investigate the placental volume and vascularization, and to determine the changes in these markers in obese and GDM mothers. Material and Methods: In our study, we investigated the human placenta (n = 48) at term. The placental structural analyses on volume and vascularization were conducted using three-dimensional ultrasound before labor. Placental APLNR expression was determined using RT-PCR, and leptin and VEGF concentrations using ELISA in placental tissues. Global DNA methylation was measured using colometric assay. Results: The age of GDM mothers was significantly higher than that of normal and obese mothers. The gestation length of GDM mothers was significantly shorter than that of normal and obese mothers. The placental volume was significantly higher in obese and GDM cases compared with normal cases. Vascularization indices (VI, FI, VFI) were significantly depressed in GDM and obesity. In the case of biomarker studies, APLNR, leptin, and VEGF showed similar decreases in obese and GDM placentas. Based on our results, the effect of GDM, not obesity, was more pronounced for these biomarkers. VEGF reduction correlates with three-dimensional placental vascularity studies. The DNA methylation was significantly elevated in both GDM and obese placental samples, while the GDM effect was more pronounced. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate structural alterations of the placenta using placental tissue biomarkers in obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We found that both GDM and obesity affect placental volume and vascularity, as indicated by reduced leptin and VEGF levels, presumably mediated by epigenetic effects. Our findings may provide a novel therapeutic target for improving abnormal placental function caused by GDM and obesity