Jurnal Biota
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THE utilization OF JUICE Morinda citrifolia AND Averrhoa bilimbi AS A LATEX EMULSIFIER AGENT
Full text linkThe area of rubber land in Indonesia currently reaches 3,672,213 ha which can produce 3,229,861 tons/year. The price of rubber in Indonesia is currently cheap because of low-quality latex. The low quality of latex is caused by the large production costs, one of which is the price of latex clotting material which is relatively expensive. Therefore, this studied aims to find a good alternative to latex coagulant but at low cost. Latex clumping material used in this research were noni juice and star fruit. The treatment in this study used noni juice and star fruit juice concentration of 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml, and 20 ml, respectively. The results showed the weight of latex with noni emulsifying agents increased by 45.58% while the administration of star fruit juice was not much different, amounting to 45.70%. However, the final weight of latex given by the emulsifying agent in the form of star fruit was higher than Noni with the difference at the highest weight reached 4.23 grams. The fastest latex clumping time at 20 ml star fruit concentration is 1.18 minutes. Based on research results noni juice and star fruit potential as a latex clot.The area of rubber land in Indonesia currently reaches 3.672.213 ha which can produce 3.229.861 tons/year. The price of rubber in Indonesia is currently cheap because of its low quality latex. The low quality of latex is caused by the large production costs, one of which is the price of latex clotting material which is relatively expensive. Therefore this study aims to find a good alternative latex clump but at a low cost. Latex clumping material used in this research is noni juice and star fruit. The treatment in this study used noni juice and star fruit juice concentration of 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml, and 20 ml, respectively. The results showed the weight of latex with noni emulsifying agents increased by 45,58% while the administration of star fruit juice was not much different, amounting to 45,70%. However, the final weight of latex given by emulsifying agent in the form of star fruit was higher than Noni with the difference at the highest weight reached 4,23 grams. The fastest latex clumping time at 20 ml star fruit concentration is 1,18 minutes. Based on research results noni juice and star fruit potential as a latex clot
Xylaria sp.; Jamur Lilin dari Jawa Barat
No full textCandle snuff fungus belongs to Xylaria group. Generally, Xylaria has a form like stick or candle or elongated fruit of shapes. Xylaria is classified into Ascomycota within Xylariaceae. This study found one species of candle-shaped mushroom in IPB Unversity. This study aimed to identified and characterized the specimen using molecular and morphological data. The specimen was collected and preservedinto FAA solution and deposited into Herbarium Bogoriense as BO 24426. Molecular analyses using Large Subunit as a region for amplification showed that the BO 24426 was classified into Xylaria sp. This species closes to Xylaria consociata. The stromata were erected, unbranched, and tapered to the apex. The texture was rigid and hard. Ascus bore 8 ascospores. The ascospores were fusiform or bean-shaped and smooth. The morphological observations supported molecular identification of BO 24426 as Xylaria sp. Other genes were needed to ensure the exact species of XylariaJamur lilin termasuk dalam kelompok Xylaria. Umumnya Xylaria berbentuk seperti tongkat atau lilin atau bentuk buah yang memanjang. Xylaria diklasifikasikan ke dalam Ascomycota dalam Xylariaceae. Penelitian ini menemukan jamur berbentuk lilin di Unversity IPB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkarakterisasi spesimen menggunakan data molekuler dan morfologi. Spesimen dikumpulkan dan diawetkan ke dalam larutan FAA dan disimpan ke dalam Herbarium Bogoriense sebagai BO 24426. Analisis molekuler menggunakan Subunit Besar sebagai daerah amplifikasi menunjukkan bahwa BO 24426 diklasifikasikan menjadi Xylaria sp. Spesies ini dekat dengan Xylaria consociata. Stromata didirikan, tidak bercabang, dan meruncing ke puncak. Teksturnya kaku dan keras. Ascus memproduksi 8 askospora. Askospora berbentuk fusiform atau berbentuk kacang dan halus
Cream Formulation Of Extract Of Maja Leaves (Crescentia cujete) As An Antimicrobial Against Staphylococcus aureus
Full text linkMaja (Crescentia cujete L) is a plant that has medicinal properties for various diseases. Leaves of Maja contain some compounds such which are thought to have the potential to be antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of maja leaf extract in cream dosage form and to prove the presence of Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The cream of Maja leaf extract was made into several formulations; (5, 10, 15 %) The results was the cream of Maja leaf extract was able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus with the largest inhibition zone at a concentration of 15% with an average of 11.52 ± 0.95mm. Cream formulations were evaluated physically; organoleptic was resulting F1 in brownish-green, F2 in brown, and F3 in dark brown. Homogeneity tests show that all formulations were homogeneous. The pH value of all formulations following the cosmetic standard was about 4.5 – 6.5. The standard viscosity value was between 2000 – 4000 cps. The stability test of cream preparations shows no changes in the form of low-temperature storage (4ºC), room temperature, and high temperature (40ºC), so that maja leaf extracts can be formulated in cream preparations and cream formulationsMaja (Crescentia cujete L.) is a tropical shrub that has medicinal properties for various diseases. Leaves of Maja contain some compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and polyphenols which are thought to have the potential to be antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of maja leaf extract in cream dosage form and to prove the presence of Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The cream of maja leaf extract was made into several formulations; 5%, 10%, and 15% and the base cream as a negative control and 1% gentamicin sulfate as a positive control. The results showed that the cream of maja leaf extract was able to inhibit the growth of S.aureus with the largest inhibition zone at a concentration of 15% with an average of 11.53 mm. Cream formulations were evaluated physically including organoleptic observation resulting F1 in brownish-green, F2 in brown, and F3 in dark brown. Homogeneity tests show that all formulations were homogeneous, marked by no appearance of coarse grains. The pH value of all formulations following the cosmetic standard was about 4.5–6.5. The standard viscosity value of all formulations was between 2000–4000 cps. The stability test of cream preparations shows no changes in the form of low-temperature storage (4º C), room temperature, and high temperature (40ºC)
Seagrass Vegetation Analysis in Jhembengan and Pasir Putih Beach, Bawean Island, East Java
Full text linkSeagrass is a flowering plant that lives in coastal areas In Indonesia there are 12 species, where seagrasses are able to live at a depth of 1-90 meters, seagrass growth is influenced by several factors including the intensity of sunlight. The purpose of this study was to observe the cover, distribution, Importance Value Index (IVI) and correlation of abiotic factors with seagrass in Jhembangan Beach and White Sand on Bawean Island, East Java. The quadratic transect with 50 m length was used. Each station equipped with 3 transects with a distance of 25 m. The data collected includes the parameter of type, stand, and water quality. The data analyze use Past Program 3.15 systems. Three species of seagrass plant were collected. The total seagrass cover value was 32.6 percent at Jhembangan Beach, and 38 percent at Pasir Putih Beach. Clumped and uniform types were included in the distribution of seagrass at Jhembangan and Pasir Putih beach. The highest of important value index In Jhembangan and Pasir Putih was Thallasia hemprichii, while the association to abiotic factor such temperature, pH, salinity and DO variables are included in the good or perfect correlation with values range from 0.7 to 0.9
Efek Larutan Mikroorganisme Lokal (Mol) sebagai pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung
No full textThis research aim to determine the effect of Mol of Chinese cabbage and cabbage to the growth of Ipomoea reptans Poir. The methods used was Randomized Complete Design consist of 4 treatments and 6 repetitions; P0: 0% Mol, P1: 5% Mol, P2: 10% Mol, and P3 15% Mol. The Data were analyzed used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test for differences among treatments‘means. The observations on Mol consist of pH, number of bacteria and number of fungi and the growth of Ipomoea reptans Poir. The result showed that the treatment P3 15% Mol gives effect on number of leaves, dry weight, shoot dry weight dan soil pH, but there’s no significant effect on height plant, wet weight, root dry weight, ratio of shoot and root, also to number of bacteria, number of fungi and pH of Mol. However, Mol of Chinese cabbage dan cabbage can be a fertilizer to growth of Ipomoea reptans Poir.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mol dari limbah sayuran sawi dan kubis terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan berupa tingkat konsentrasi 0%, 5%, 10% dan 15%. Data dianalisis dengan perhitungan Analisis Sidik Ragam (Ansira) dan uji BJND. Parameter yang diamati adalah pH larutan mol, total mikroorganisme, dan pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa larutan mol berpengaruh pada parameter jumlah daun, berat kering tanaman, berat kering taruk dan pH tanah dengan konsentrasi terbaik pada konsentrasi 15%
The Kualitas Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogeae L.) Kefir dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Starter Ragi dan Lama Fermentasi
No full textOne of the fermented milk products, namely kefir, is increasingly popular because it has many health benefits. Peanut juice has a high enough protein content that it can be used as a substitute for animal milk. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of peanut kefir with variations in the concentration of ragi tape inoculum and fermentation time. This research method used 3 variations in the concentration of tape yeast (1, 2 and 4%) and long fermentation time (24, 48 and 72 hours). The results showed that the highest total LAB was in 4% ragi tape inoculum with a fermentation time of 24 hours (4.4x108 cells/mL) and the lowest was in 4% tape yeast inoculum with a fermentation time of 72 hours (9.8x107 cells/mL) and total yeast between 1x104 cells/mL - 3x105 cells/mL) and alcohol produced <1%. Total acid obtained between 6% - 17.6%. The increase in total acid is proportional to the decrease in pH. The pH of the peanut kefir medium was between 3.44 - 4.12. Peanut kefir with tape yeast inoculum meets the standard requirements for fermented milk and can replace milk kefir.Salah satu produk fermentasi susu yaitu kefir penggunaannya semakin popular karena memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan. Susu nabati yang berasal dari kacang tanah memiliki kadar protein cukup tinggi dapat digunakan sebagai substitusi susu hewani. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas kefir kacang tanah berupa kadar total asam, pH, kadar alcohol, total bakteri asam laktat dan total kamir dengan variasi konsentrasi inokulum ragi tape dan lama fermentasi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan 3 variasi konsentrasi inokulum ragi tape (1%, 2% dan 4%) dan lama waktu fermentasi (24 jam, 48 jam dan 72 jam). Total bakteri asam laktat dan khamir dihitung dengan metode angka lempeng total (ALT). Total asam diamati dengan titrasi, pengukuran pH menggunakan alat pH meter begitu juga dengan pengukuran alcohol dengan alat alkoholmeter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Total BAL terbanyak pada inokulum ragi tape 4 % dengan waktu fermentasi 24 jam 4,4 x 108 sel/mL dan terendah pada inokulum ragi tape 4 % dengan waktu fermentasi 72 jam 9,8 x 107 sel/mL dan total khamir antara 1 x 104 sel/mL – 3 x 105 sel/mL serta alkohol yang dihasilkan < 1%. Total asam didapatkan antara 6% (inokulum ragi tape 1% dengan 24 jam fermentasi) - 17,6 % (inokulum ragi tape 4% dengan 72 jam fermentasi). Peningkatan total asam sebanding dengan penurunan pH. pH media susu kefir kacang tanah antara 4,12 (inokulum ragi tape 1% dengan 24 jam fermentasi) dan 3,44 (inokulum ragi tape 4% dengan 72 jam fermentasi)
Truss Morphometric and Meristic Characters of Male and Female Donkey Croaker (Pennahia anea (Bloch 1793)) Taken from Asemdoyong Auction Center Pemalang, Central Java
Full text linkPennahia anea is among of the demersal fish landed at Asemdoyong Fish Auction Centre, Pemalang. P. anea doesn\u27t show sexual dimorphism, so that other characters are needed to differentiate male and female individuals, i.e. truss morphometric and meristic characters. Previous studies have shown that truss morphometric and meristic can differentiate between male and female individuals. This study aims to describe the morphometric and meristic truss characters and determine the truss morphometrically and meristic characters that distinguish between males and females of Pennahia anea. The research used a survey method with a purposive random sampling technique. Male and female individuals of P. anea were examined based on their meristic and truss morphometric characters. The data were analyzed statistically using Mann Whitney non-parametric test. The result proved that male and female were significantly different in seven out of the 31 truss distances. Male individuals had a larger size than female individuals in three truss distances. In contrast, the male had a smaller size than the female individuals in four out of seven truss distances that distinguish both sexualities. The soft fin radius of the ventral fin was significantly different between male and female of P. anea. It could be concluded that male and female individuals of Pennahia anea have different truss distances and meristic characters with seven truss distances and one meristic character are differen
Density and nutrient content of Terebralia pallustris mangrove snails in mangrove ecosystems in Pannikiang Island, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi
Full text linkMangrove snail, Terebralia palustris Linnnaeus 1967, was also found on Pannikiang Island, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi. This study aims to describe the fluctuation of T. palustris density in a year of observation. This research was conducted for ten months from August 2018 to July 2019. There were two research stations. Each station has a large plot measuring 10m x 10m and in it, five small plots are measuring 1m x 1m. Measurements of environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity, and pH were carried out in situ. This snail meat as much as 100gr also analyzed proximate. The proximate analysis of the snail shows that crude protein content is 18.73% so that the snail is very suitable to be used as a source of protein. The highest density is in July 2019 and the lowest density is in August 2018.Siput bakau Terebralia palustris Linnnaeus 1967 juga ditemukan di Pulau Pannikiang, Kabupaten Barru, Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan fluktuasi kepadatan T. palustris dalam setahun pengamatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama sepuluh bulan dari Bulan Agustus 2018 sampai Bulan Juli 2019. Stasiun penelitian ada dua. Setiap stasiun ada plot besar berukuran 10m x 10m dan di dalamnya ada lima buah plot kecil berukuran 1m x 1m. Pengukuran parameter lingkungan seperti suhu, salinitas, dan pH dilakukan secara insitu. Daging siput ini sebanyak 100gr juga dianalisis proksimat. Hasil analisis proksimat dari siput ini menunjukkan kadar protein kasar sebesar 18,73% sehingga siput ini sangat cocok untuk dijadikan sebagai salah satu sumber protein. Kepadatan tertinggi berada di Bulan Juli 2019 dan kepadatan terendah berada di Bulan Agustus 2018
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Zodia (Evodia suaveolens) Leaf Extract on Pathogenic Agents Dragon Fruit Plant
Full text linkThe use of antimicrobials from plant extracts has not been used optimally to control pathogenic agents in dragon fruit plants. The purpose of this research was to determine the antimicrobial activity of zodia (Evodia suaveolens) leaf extracts on pathogenic agents of dragon fruit plants in vitro. The research method is laboratory research with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The antimicrobial concentrations of zodia (E. suaveolens) leaf extract used six types including 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% with four replications. The research sample was the leaf of zodia (E. suaveolens), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusarium oxysporum strain Malang. Test the antimicrobial activity of zodia (E. suaveolens) leaf extracts on the growth of P. aeruginosa and F. oxysporum using the disc-diffusion method and wells method. The research instrument was used the observation sheet of the diameter of inhibition zone indicated by the clear zone. The diameter of inhibition zone data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test. The results showed that the antimicrobial activity of zodia (E. suaveolens) leaf extract significantly inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa and F. oxysporum (P <0.05). These results recommend zodia (E. suaveolens) leaf extract as an antimicrobial agent for dragon fruit plant pathogens
Diversity of Edible Flora and Biotourism Potential Development of Botany Adventure in Turgo, Mount Merapi National Park Yogyakarta
Full text linkTurgo Hill is one of the areas of Mount Merapi National Park included in the Nature Tourism Zone which is intended for recreational purposes, tourist visits, and other activities. This research activity was carried out based on a case study conducted by Generasi Biologi Indonesia (Genbinesia) in the activities of Botany Adventure in Turgo Hill. This study objectives to determine the diversity of edible flora, analyze the potential of botany adventure bio tourism and plan strategies for special interest in botanical bio tourism in Turgo Hill. The research method used for the inventory of edible flora is carried out by exploring methods in 2 locations based on the elevation of 500 meters respectively. Analysis of potential bio tourism used descriptive methods through field observation, asked the questionnaires, and interviewed participants. The bio tourism strategy plan is compiled with the SWOT technique. The results of the study show that the diversity of edible flora along the tracking routes as many as 60 species. Based on the analysis of potential, Botany Adventure Biotourism activities are feasible in Bukit Turgo with a feasibility index of 92.15%. The highest potential is supported by the attractiveness of natural resources, accessibility, and the availability of clean water. SWOT search recommends strengthening and developing external factors to improve botanical special interest bio tourism activities in Bukit Turgo by providing special vehicles that mobilize participants, complementing facilities, especially souvenir kiosks, religious facilities, other tourism facilities, and promoting the promotion of activities