Jurnal Biota
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Pollen Viability and Microspore Culture in Three Broccoli Cultivars (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck)
Get PDFBroccoli is a high value vegetable crop in Indonesia, however production is low due to limited number of suitable cultivars, so, breeding hybrid broccoli for warm climate is important. The first step in hybridization is providing homozygote parent plants which can be done efficiently via microspore culture. The objectives of this study were to determine 1) bud size that produce uninucleate microspore stage appropriate for culture; 2) pollen viability, 3) microspore development, in three broccoli cultivars (‘BL 10001’, ‘Royal Green’ and ‘Green Magic’). Various bud size (1 – 5 cm) was squashed and observed microscopically to determine bud size containing uninucleate microspore. Pollen viability was determined by IKI staining and pollen germination method. Chromosome number was counted on root tips using squash method with aceto-orcein stain. Various heat treatment schemes were conducted to induce microspreo development. Result showed uninucleate microspore derived from 2-3 mm and 3-4 mm bud length of ‘BL-10001’ and ‘Royal Green’ was responsive for microspore development in culture. Pollen viability varied among cultivars, 78-87% on IKI method and 15-16% on germination test. Microspore culture showed different embryogenesis response; pollen-like structure was produced by ‘BL 10001’
The Effectiveness of Azolla pinnata in Inhibiting the Growth of Salmonella typhi
Get PDFHuman digestive tract infections can be caused by viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics can frustrate therapy with antibiotics. Today many researchers develop herbal medicines from plants for microbial infections. The benefits of medicinal plants depend on several components of chemicals that can have an influence on the human body. One of the plants that can be used is Azolla. Azolla has many nutrients and phytochemical compounds such as flavonoid, tannin, and saponin which have antimicrobial activity. This study used dried Azolla extract which was divided into several doses, namely 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% b/v. Azolla extract activity test was carried out by observing the presence of inhibition zones formed after incubation. Azolla extract test results obtained all doses in the resistance category with a diameter of no more than 10 mm. One way Anova test obtained a significance value of 0.000<α = 0.05, which means that there is a difference between the administration of Azolla pinnata extract dose to its ability to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhii. Duncan test showed that the treatment of Azolla pinnata 60%, 80% and 100% of Salmonella typhii showed results that were not significantly different. The results of the study concluded that Azolla extract can be used to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhii bacteria so that it can be developed into traditional medicine.
 
PENGARUH EKSTRAK AIR DAUN SEMBUKAN (Paederia foetida LINN.) TERHADAP MORFOMETRI DAN KELULUSHIDUPAN FETUS MENCIT (Mus musculus L.)
Get PDFPaederia foetida Linn, known locally in East Kalimantan as Sembukan, is one of the plants that is used as raw materials of traditional medicine in Indonesia. The sembukan contains a variety of chemical compounds that can affect on the development of the mice fetus. Current research aimed to evaluate the effects of boiled-water extract of Sembukan leaves on the weight and length of fetus, the total number of fetus, and fetus survival. In total of 12 pregnant mouse were randomly divided into three groups, namely control (K) without treatment, P1 treated by 175 mg/kgbb extract, and P2 treated by 350 mg/kgbb extract. After 18 days of pregnancy, mouse were sacrificed to evaluate the morphometry and survival of the fetus. The results showed that Sembukan leaves extract caused a significant (P<0.05) different on the fetus weight, amount of fetus and the number of life fetus between control (K) and treatment groups (P1 and P2). However, the treatment of any doses (P1 and P2) of Sembukan leaves extract did not show significantly differences (P>0.05) on the fetus length and the number of dead fetuses. This finding concluded that Sembukan leaves is beneficial to increase the weight and the number of live fetus of mice.Paederia foetida Linn, known locally in East Kalimantan as Sembukan, is one of the plants that is used as raw materials of traditional medicine in Indonesia. The sembukan contains a variety of chemical compounds that can affect on the development of the mice fetus. Current research aimed to evaluate the effects of boiled-water extract of Sembukan leaves on the weight and length of fetus, the total number of fetus, and fetus survival. In total of 12 pregnant mouse were randomly divided into three groups, namely control (K) without treatment, P1 treated by 175 mg/kgbb extract, and P2 treated by 350 mg/kgbb extract. After 18 days of pregnancy, mouse were sacrificed to evaluate the morphometry and survival of the fetus. The results showed that Sembukan leaves extract caused a significant (P<0.05) different on the fetus weight, amount of fetus and the number of life fetus between control (K) and treatment groups (P1 and P2). However, the treatment of any doses (P1 and P2) of Sembukan leaves extract did not show significantly differences (P>0.05) on the fetus length and the number of dead fetuses. This finding concluded that Sembukan leaves is beneficial to increase the weight and the number of live fetus of mice
FORMULASI KRIM EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG AGUNG SEMERU DAN PISANG MAS KIRANA VARIETAS LUMAJANG
No full textBanan peel of Agung Semeru and banana peel of Mas Kirana, is one part of banana fruit containing antimicrobial compounds that contain phytochemical components. The purpose of this research is to know the quality of cream from banana peel extract of Agung Semeru, Mas Kirana and combination of both using 100% concentration (the best concentration, based on previous research results). In the test the cream is done organoleptic test, test homogeneity, spreading test, pH test and absorption test. The results obtained on the organoleptic test seen from the color of brown cream, semi-solid dosage form, and the smell of banana skin cream typical test homogeneity does not occur agglomeration, pH ranges from 5-6 and still safe for the skin, has a cream that meets the requirements of absorption that is more 1 mg / 1 ml. A / M cream scattering test is easy to be applied so that the extract cream of skin extract of Agung Semeru banana skin extract, Mas Kirana and combination fulfill the scatter test
DOCKING MOLEKULER SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER Lantana camara SEBAGAI ANTIINFLAMASI TERHADAP ENZIM COX-1
Get PDFLantana camara contains several types of flavonoids such as Umuhengerin, Lantadene A, Lantadene B, Icterogenin.One of the mechanisms of action of flavonoids as antiinflammatoryis by inhibiting cyclooxygenase receptor (COX). This study aims to determine the affinity of flavonoid compounds contained in L. camara with COX-1 receptors as antiinflammatory and to know the hydrogen bonds that can be formed by using molecular docking method. Testing in silico is done based on computer-aided drug design method. The tools used in this study, the PyRx software, PyMol software, Pubchem (database compound), PDB (Protein Data Bank), and PoseView. Based on the results of the docking and discussion above it can be concluded that the Icterogenin compound and Umuhengerin compound is the most effective compound in antiinflamasi process, Icterogenin compound has a value RMSD 41.1 Å and the value of binding afinity -8.8 and the Umuhengerin compound has value RMSD 1, 61 Å and value of binding affinity -8.0. It shows that the Umuhengerin compound has a resemblance percentage with the target protein because it has a smaller RMSD value than the Icterogenin compound. However, Icterogenin compounds have stronger and more efficient hydrogen bonds than the Umuhengerin compound because of the lowest value of binding affinity.Lantana camara mengandung beberapa jenis flavonoid seperti Umuhengerin, Lantadene A, Lantadene B, Ictero -genin. Salah satu mekanisme kerja flavonoid sebagai antiinflammatoryis dengan menghambat ceptor siklooksigenase (COX). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui afinitas senyawa flavonoid yang terkandung dalam L. camara dengan reseptor COX-1 sebagai antiinflamasi dan untuk mengetahui ikatan hidrogen yang dapat dibentuk dengan metode molecular docking. Pengujian in silico dilakukan berdasarkan metode desain obat yang dibantu komputer. Alat-alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, perangkat lunak PyRx, perangkat lunak PyMol, Pubchem (senyawa database), PDB (Protein Data Bank), dan Po-seView. Berdasarkan hasil docking dan pembahasan di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa Icterogenin com-pound dan senyawa Umuhengerin adalah senyawa yang paling efektif dalam proses antiinflamasi, Icterogenin com-pound memiliki nilai RMSD 41,1 Å dan nilai afinity mengikat -8,8 dan senyawa Umuhengerin memiliki val-ue RMSD 1, 61 Å dan nilai afinitas pengikatan -8.0. Ini menunjukkan bahwa senyawa tersebut memiliki nilai RMSD dari senyawa Icterogenin. Namun, senyawa Icterogenin memiliki ikatan hidrogen yang lebih kuat dan lebih efisien daripada senyawa Umuhengerin karena nilai afinitas pengikatan terendah
KEANEKARAGAMAN IKAN DI SUNGAI KELINGI KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the diversity of freshwater fish in Kelingi River Lubuklinggau City. The research was conducted on 6 stations, the determination of the location of the research was done by purposive sampling method. Samples of fish obtained from the catch by using scatter and scoop-net and then identified in the Education Laboratory of Biology STKIP PGRI Lubukinggau. Data analysis includes species composition (KJ), diversity index (H \u27) and uniformity index (E). The results of identification there are 13 species belonged to 5 Order, 6 Family, and 13 genra. Barbonymus gonionotus has the largest type of composition (69.53%). Diversity index (H \u27 ) ranged from 0.33 to 1.22 and the uniformity index (E) ranged from 0.24 to 0.84. Conclusions the diversity index of Kelingi river in this study was low and fish communities at stations 1,3 and 6 under stable conditions and at station 2,4,5 under distress condition
IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PADA TUBUH LALAT RUMAH (Musca domestica Linn.) DI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR SAMPAH (TPA) DAN PASAR
Get PDFABSTRACT Several species of flies are the most important species in public health problems, especially as a disease transmission vector. One of them is Musca domestica. The role of flies in the spread of disease is as a mechanical vector, by bringing the seeds of disease through the limbs. Therefore it is necessary to understand what bacteria found in the body of M. domestica fly in Sukawinatan landfill, Palembang. This study aimed to find out the type of bacteria in the body of M. domestica in Sukawinatan landfill, Palembang and Jakabaring Main Market. This study was conducted from June to August 2017. The sampling site of home fly (M. domestica) was in Sukawinatan landfill and the Jakabaring main market of Palembang. Meanwhile, the research was conducted in Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas PGRI Palembang and Microbiology Laboratory of Department of Biology, FMIPA UNSRI Indralaya. Bacteria found on the body of flies were 6 isolates, 4 bacterial isolates in the fly originating from Sukawinatan landfill and 2 bacterial isolates in the fly from Jakabaring main market. Four (4) bacteria were found in Sukawinatan landfill from Salmonella, Providencia, Escherichia and Vibrio genus. Meanwhile, bacteria found in fly species at Jakabaring main market were 2 bacteria from Salmonella and Proteus genus. Keywords: Bacteria; House fly (Musca domestica)
DISTRIBUSI, KARAKTERISTIK DAN PERILAKU CAPUNG ENDEMIK JAWA Rhinocypha heterostigma (Rambur, 1882) (FAMILI:CLOROCYPHIDAE) DI JAWA TIMUR
Get PDFEast Java is a province that has various geographic characteristics. some of the geographical features that exist have a forest that is the habitat of dragonflies and dragonflies. one of the dragonfly needles that live in the forest is Rhinocypha heterostigma. the species is spread in western Java and central java. research on the characteristic and distribution behavior of such species in eastern Java has not been previously disclosed. This study aims to determine the distribution, characteristics and behavior of rhinocypha heterostigma in eastern Java. the methods undertaken in this study are direct observation and collection of specimens. observations show several locations there are species such as Kakek Bodo Waterfall, Sumber Mangli, Mountain Pundak, Tretes Waterfall, Coban Glotak and Ireng-ireng streams. Rhinocypha heterostigma found in eastern Java has a dark color pattern to almost the entire wing. leaving a transparent color only at the base of the wing with a slight blue pattern in the center of the wing. this species is often found along with Euphaea variegata and territorial contests. This spesies always perch on leaf, twigs and rocks among the water streams. This Research show that Rhinocypha heterostigma found at Six location in East Java and the highest Population is at Sumber Mangli.East Java is a province that has various geographic characteristics. some of the geographical features that exist have a forest that is the habitat of dragonflies and dragonflies. one of the dragonfly needles that live in the forest is Rhinocypha heterostigma. the species is spread in western Java and central java. research on the characteristic and distribution behavior of such species in eastern Java has not been previously disclosed. This study aims to determine the distribution, characteristics and behavior of rhinocypha heterostigma in eastern Java. the methods undertaken in this study are direct observation and collection of specimens. observations show several locations there are species such as Kakek Bodo Waterfall, Sumber Mangli, Mountain Pundak, Tretes Waterfall, Coban Glotak and Ireng-ireng streams. Rhinocypha heterostigma found in eastern Java has a dark color pattern to almost the entire wing. leaving a transparent color only at the base of the wing with a slight blue pattern in the center of the wing. this species is often found along with Euphaea variegata and territorial contests. This spesies always perch on leaf, twigs and rocks among the water streams. This Research show that Rhinocypha heterostigma found at Six location in East Java and the highest Population is at Sumber Mangli
PENGARUH WARNA CAHAYA LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES (LED) INTENSITAS RENDAH DAN CEKAMAN DINGIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF ANGGREK Phalaenopsis HIBRIDA
Get PDFCahaya merah dan biru merupakan cahaya utama yang diserap tanaman dan berperan penting terhadap fotosintesis, pertumbuhan serta perkembangan tanaman anggrek Phalaenopsis hibrida. Cekaman dingin mampu memicu pembentukan organ generatif dan memperlambat pertumbuhan organ vegetatif. Namun, pengaruh intensitas cahaya rendah dan cekaman dingin terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif anggrek Phalaenopsis belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh warna cahaya intensitas rendah dan cekaman suhu dingin terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif anggrek Phalaenopsis hibrida. Anggrek berumur ± 2 tahun ditumbuhkan dalam growth chamber dengan penyinaran lampu LED putih sebagai kontrol (100 lx), merah, biru, dan merah + biru (masing-masing 30 lx) sebagai perlakuan. Perlakuan suhu air terbagi menjadi cekaman dingin (4,5oC), suhu ruang (28oC) dan kontrol negatif (tanpa penyiraman). Daun diukur panjang, jumlah daun, densitas stomata selama 60 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cahaya LED intensitas rendah dapat meningkatkan ukuran panjang daun, namun cahaya merah memberikan hasil pertambahan panjang daun tertinggi. Perlakuan cahaya LED biru memberikan densitas stomata tertinggi terhadap warna cahaya lainnya. Di sisi lain, cekaman dingin menghambat pertumbuhan daun. Berdasarkan analisis ANOVA dan Tes Duncan, diperoleh bahwa antar setiap perlakuan baik warna cahaya dan suhu air tidak berbeda nyata. Warna cahaya dan suhu air tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah daun maupun pembukaan stomata daun
KERENTANAN DAN KERUSAKAN BERAS LOKAL PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN TERHADAP Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
No full textThe aim of this research is to evaluate the level of susceptibility and damage of rice from local in Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatera Province to S. oryzae. The experiments revealed that the local rice from Musi Rawas Regency has susceptibility category from moderate to susceptible to S. oryzae infestation. Siam and glutinous rice white are classified are classified as moderate category while rice Ratus, Dayang Rindu, Ambai, Pandak, and Seluang are categorized moderate to susceptible. The Glutinous rice black and Wao are categorized as susceptible to S. oryzae. The susceptibility of local rice in Musi Rawas was affected by the number of F1 S. oryzae (r = 0.966**, P < 0.01) and median development time (r = -0,883**, P < 0.01). The damage of rice affects the rice susceptibility to S. oryzae. The result of correlation analysis showed that there was a very significant positive correlation between susceptibility index and percentage of rice weight loss (r = 0.854**, P < 0,01), percentage of perforated rice (r = 0.955**, P < 0,01) and percentage of rice powder (r = 0.953**, P < 0.01). Rice classified as susceptible such as glutinous rice black and Wao cannot be stored for long periods due to high damage caused by S. oryzae pest during storage ricePenelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi tingkat kerentanan dan kerusakan jenis beras dari padi lokal Kabupaten Musi Rawas Provinsi Sumatera Selatan terhadap S. oryzae. Beras asal padi lokal Kabupaten Musi Rawas Provinsi Sumatera Selatan memiliki katagori kerentanan dari moderat sampai rentan terhadap infestasi hama S. oryzae. Beras Siam dan Ketan Putih tergolong katagori moderat, sedangkan beras Ratus, Dayang Rindu, Ambai, Pandak, dan Seluang tergolong katagori moderat sampai rentan. Beras Ketan Hitam dan Wao tergolong katagori rentan terhadap serangan hama S. oryzae. Kerentanan beras lokal Musi Rawas dipengaruhi oleh Jumlah F1 S. oryzae (r = 0,966**; P < 0,01) dan median waktu perkembangan (r = -0,883**; P < 0,01). Kerusakan beras mempengaruhi kerentanan beras terhadap S. oryzae. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif yang sangat nyata antara indeks kerentanan dengan persentase kehilangan bobot beras (r = 0,854**; P < 0,01), persentase beras berlubang (r = 0,955**; P < 0,01), dan persentase bubuk beras (r = 0,953**; P < 0,01). Beras yang tergolong rentan seperti Ketan Hitam dan WAO tidak dapat disimpan jangka waktu yang lama karena memiliki kerusakan yang tinggi akibat serangan hama S. oryzae selama penyimpanan bera