Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner
Not a member yet
695 research outputs found
Sort by
Novel Mutation of Exon 5 Prolactin Gene in IPB-D1 Chicken
Full text linkThe prolactin gene (PRL) is a gene that controls the incubation and egg production in laying chickens. The nature of incubation will reduce egg production and disrupt the reproductive system in local chickens. The purpose of this study was to identify the polymorphism of prolactin genes in IPB-D1 chickens using the direct sequencing method. The polymorphism of the exon 5 prolactin gene was carried out on 46 samples of IPB-D1 chicken DNA which was a collection of the Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science IPB. DNA sequences as a reference for designing exon 5 primers were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) with the GenBank access code: AF288765.2. DNA extraction was carried out using the phenol-chloroform technique. DNA amplification resulted in a PCR product with a size of 557 bp. In this study, the genotype frequency, allele frequency, heterozygosity value and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were calculated. The results of the study found 5 SNPs in exon 5, namely g.7823AG, g.7835AG, g.7886TA, g.8052TC, and g.8069TC. All SNPs are polymorphic and in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium except g.8052TC. The g.7823AG, g.7835AG, g.8052TC SNPs are synonymous mutations that do not change amino acids, while the g.7886TA and g.8069TC SNPs are non-synonymous that change amino acids. Both g.7886TA and g.8069TC SNPs are potential as a marker assisted selection for the characteristics of egg production in IPB-D1 chickens
Effects of Silybum marianum Aqueous Extract and L-carnitine on Stereological Changes in Diazinon-Treated Rat Liver
Full text linkAs an organophosphorus, Diazinon (DZN) impairs liver tissue function by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase and causing oxidative stress. In this study, the effects of Silybum marianum aqueous extract (SMAE) and L-carnitine (LC) on the stereological and histopathological changes of the liver in DZN-treated male rats were investigated. The rats in this study were placed into 9 groups of 8 each containing control, placebo, and a combination of DZN, SMAE, and LC. The animals received SMAE and chemicals orally for 30 days. At last, the liver tissue of all animals was removed. Then, tissue sections from the liver were provided to study the stereological markers including liver volume and weight, hepatocytes’ volume, central venous volume, sinusoidal volume, connective tissue volume, inflammation rate, and a number of the hepatocytes’ nuclei. Also, the sample tissues were evaluated histopathologically. Treatment with DZN significantly reduced the liver volume and weight, hepatocyte volume, central venous volume, sinusoidal volume, and hepatocyte nucleus number compared to placebo and control but it significantly increased the inflammation and volume of liver’s connective tissue. However, co-administration of SMAE and LC with DZN improved liver volume and weight, hepatocyte volume, central venous volume, sinusoidal volume, connective tissue volume, and hepatocyte nucleus number alone compared to the DZN treatment. Liver inflammation was also significantly decreased compared to the DZN treatment but comparing to the placebo and control groups, it increased significantly. Simultaneous administration of SMAE and LC has protective effects on liver tissue and can reduce DZN-induced liver injury in rats
Non-Genetic and Genetic Effects on Growth Traits from Birth to 120 days of Age of G2 Sapera Goat
Full text linkInformation on non-genetic and genetic factors is required in the selection program. Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP) has been conducting a selection of the growth traits of Sapera goat (50% Saanen, 50% PE). This research was aimed to study non-genetic and genetic effects on growth traits from birth to the age of 120 days old of the 2nd generation (G2) of Sapera goat. Data on body weight and measurement were collected from kids at birth (105 head.) to the age of 120 days old (51 head). The 30 days interval growth data were calculated by linear interpolation. Non-genetic effects were analyzed by General Linear Model for unbalanced data by considering sex, type of birth, the month of kidding, and year of kidding as fixed variables. The genetic component was analyzed by a mixed linear model by considering sire as a random variable. Heritability was estimated by the paternal half-sib method. Non-genetic factors mostly had no significant effect (P 0.05) on body weight and measurement. The 90 days old and 120 days old males had higher weights than females (P0.05). Birth type and year of kidding had significant effects (P0.05) on body weight and some measurements at certain ages. No significant months of kidding effect on the growth traits (P0.05). Heritability values of body weight (h2 = 0.11-0.19) and body sizes (h2 = 0.03-0.24) were relatively low. Except high heritability values for birth weight and for body weight at 30 days old (h2 = 0.59 and 0.29), and for hip girth at 30 days old and at 60 days old (h2 = 0.13-0.54). The growth traits of G2 Sapera kids were affected by sex and year of kidding and slightly influenced by genetic (sires) factors
Synergistic Effect of Biofat and Biochar of Cashew Nutshell on Mitigate Methane in the Rumen
Full text linkThe study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of biofat with biochar or biosmoke (bioindustrial products of cashew nut shells) at the best level as feed additive in reducing methane production and improving in vitro rumen fermentation. This experiment had two series of combination and each used a randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. A series of biofat (BF) and biochar (BC) combination were added each to substrate as followed BFBC1 = 0: 100%; BFBC2 = 25:75%; BFBC3 = 50:50%; BFBC4 = 75:25%; BFBC5 = 100: 0%. While, a series of biofat (BF) and biosmoke (BS) combination as followed BFBS1 = 0: 100%; BFBS2 = 25:75%; BFBS3 = 50:50%; BFBS4 = 75:25%; BFBS5 = 100: 0%. Both series used a control treatment which contained only substrate. The in vitro experiment was repeated 4 times and each treatment was done in duplicates. The measured variables were: total gas and CH4 productions, dry matter, organic matter, NDF degradability, NH3 and partial VFA concentrations. The results showed that the combination of biofat and biochar levels resulted in a significant decrease (
Improving the Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid on the In Vitro Maturation of Oocytes
Full text linkThis research was conducted in order to determine the effects of omega-3 on oocyte in vitro maturation and the level of expression of tribbles (TRIB1, TRIB2 and TRIB3 genes) in cumulus cells. Eight-ten weeks old NMRI mice were super-ovulated using 7.5 IU pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG, Intraperitoneal) and they were killed after 44 hours and their ovaries were removed. The oocytes were used for in vitro maturation and the cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were released. Cumulus cells and oocytes were assigned into control, ethanol-treated and groups exposed to 10 and 100 μg/ml of omega-3. The cells were prepared to assess the maturation stage in order to evaluate the gene expression level. The data were statistically analyzed. Exposing oocytes to low dose (10 μg/ml) and high dose (100 μg/ml) of omega-3 resulted in a reduced rate of GV-stage oocytes, decreased MI-oocytes and increased MII-oocytes. The enhanced maturity of COCs was also detected in response to a high dose of omega-3 (100 μg/ml). Exposure of cumulus cells to omega-3 (10 and 100 μg/ml) induced TRIB2 and inhibited TRIB3 gene expression level; however, TRIB1 gene expression level increased and decreased in response to low (10 μg/ml) and high (100 μg/ml) concentrations of omega-3, respectively. The addition of omega-3 to the environment of oocytes or cumulus cells affected the maturation of oocytes and cumulus cells, which was followed by the differential expression of TRIB genes, suggesting that there was a role of fatty acid metabolism in the differentiation and maturation of cumulus cells
Effect of N-acetylcystein on ERK Gene Expression in Ovarian Tissue of Acrylamide-Treated Adult Rats
Full text linkAcrylamide (AA) is a toxic and carcinogenic compound produced in cooking process. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) gene expression level and ovarian histopathological changes in AA-treated rats. Thirty-six female adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups including control, positive control (+VE Con), negative control (-VE Con), experimental 1 (Exp1), experimental 2 (Exp2) and experimental 3 (Exp3). Twenty eight days after the treatment, ERK gene expression level was measured by real-time PCR method and ovarian histopathological changes were evaluated. The ERK gene expression level was significantly decreased in the +VE Con, Exp1 and Exp2 groups as compared to the control group (p˂0.05), but not in the -VE Con and Exp3 groups (p˃0.05). Histologically, the +VE Con group showed a significant decrease in the number of primary, secondary and Graafian follicles as well as corpus luteum as compared to the control group (p˂0.05), but not in the negative, Exp2 and Exp3 groups (p˃0.05). In the Exp1 group, the number of primary and secondary follicles as well as corpus luteum significantly decreased (p˂0.05), however, the numbers of Graafian follicle and the corpus luteum were significantly increased as compared to the +VE Con group (p˂0.05). The AA was supposed to increase the apoptosis and folliculogenesis degradation in the rat ovarian tissue by decreasing ERK gene expression. Administration of NAC ameliorated the deleterious effects of AA in a dose-dependent manner and improve folliculogenesis by reducing apoptosis level. Thus, the NAC supplement could be helpful in ameliorating animal fertility
Effects of Two Different Energy Sources in Total Mixed Diets on the Performances and Blood Metabolites of Lactating Boerka Goats
Full text linkLactating goats are prone to negative energy status due to increased body fat reserve mobilization to support the high energy requirement of milk production. The study was aimed to investigate the responses of the lactating goat on diets provided in total-mixed ration differing in the energy sources. The experiment was conducted using a total of 35 does having 2-3 parities and an average bodyweight of 30.3±4.48 kg and BCS of 2.5 ± 0.05 on a scale basis of 1 to 5. Animals were allocated to one of five dietary treatments (seven animals/treatment) formulated to be iso-nitrogen dan iso-calory in a total mixed ration. Cassava meal was used as the source of glucogenic energy and bergafat as the main source of lipogenic energy. There were no DM intake differences (P>0.05) between the glucogenic diet (1.49% and 2.28% fat), but significant increases (
Chemical Quality of Culled Duck Meatball (Anasplathyryncos) Substituted with Edamame Flour (Glycine max (L) Merril) Filler
Full text linkThis study aimed to determine the effect of edamame flour filler substitution on the chemical quality of culled duck meatballs. The research material consisted of culled duck meat, tapioca flour, edamame flour, albumen, garlic, onion, salt, pepper, monosodium glutamate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and ice. The edamame flour filler substitution treatments were P0 (0%), P1 (5%), P2 (10%), P3 (15%), and P4 (20%) from total filler. Each treatment consisted of five replications. The parameters which tested were moisture, protein, fat, fiber, and ash contents. Data on chemical quality results were analyzed by analysis of variance using completely randomized design and if there was significantly different (P0.01), then it’ll be further tested by the Duncan's New Multiple Range Test. Results showed that the substitution of edamame flour filler starting from the level of 5% was significantly affected water content, protein, fat, fiber, and ash of culled duck meatballs. Edamame flour can be used as a filler substitution up to 20% level by giving a good effect on increasing the meatball protein content, but also having a negative impact with increasing the fat content of culled duck meatballs
Evaluation of surra treatment strategies attacking horses and buffaloes in East Sumba District, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province of Indonesia (2010 – 2016)
No full textSurra is a disease attacking livestock caused by a flagellated protozoan, Trypanosoma evansi. Indonesia archipelago is reported as an endemic country of the disease, except Sumba Island. However, Surra outbreak occurred in this Island in 2010 due to livestock movement from the neighbour island, Sumbawa. It generated high mortality in livestock, particularly in horses and buffaloes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Surra treatment strategies in East Sumba District from 2010-2016 and to estimate the incidence of Surra in the next few months (forecast). The treatment strategy of Surra in East Sumba was divided into 2 (two) periods e.g. the first period in 2010-2011 using Isomethamedium as the single drug (period I) and the second period in 2012 - 2016 using a combination between diminazene aceturate as curative and isomethamedium as a prophylactic drug (period II). All data in the present study was obtained from the local livestock agency of East Sumba District from 2010 – 2016 when Surra outbreak occurred. The effectiveness of those two treatment strategies was compared using the proportion test. The results demonstrated that morbidity and mortality of horses and buffaloes were significantly greater in the period I (2010-2011) compared to period II (2012-2016). The treatment strategy in the period II was able to decrease the proportion of morbidity in horses and buffaloes for 1.44% and 0.66%, respectively. Likewise, the proportion of mortality in period II was also less than the period I from 3.79% to 1.30% for horses and from 2.80% to 0.55% for buffaloes. Based on forecasting study analysis using the control program projected with decomposition method for the next 12 months demonstrated that the treatment strategy in the period II could reduce the incidence and death of livestock by Surra. The treatment strategy using a combination between isometamedium and diminazene aceturate in East Sumba District might be more effective compared to using isometamedium alone.
Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Physical and Organoleptic Properties of Muscovy Duck Meat
Full text linkThis research was aimed to study the effect of electrical stimulation period on physical and organoleptic properties of Muscovy duck meat. This research used 20 female Muscovy ducks, 1.5-2 years of age. The ducks were divided into 5 groups treatments for 4 replications. The treatments were period of electrical stimulation: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. The result showed that period of electrical stimulation did not affect (P0.05) cooking loss but significantly affected (P0.05) the tenderness, color, flavour, aroma, pH, and juiciness of duck meat. The best treatment was 20 minutes stimulation