Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner
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Model of Resources Development in Partnership System of Broiler Farming Business
No full textAccessibility of resources in theory can affected the development of broiler farming in a region. This research was conducted with the objectives of: 1) to formulate indicators of resource use on the development of partnership system of broiler farming business, and 2) to find the model of the development of resources use accessibility to partnership system of broiler farming business. The research was conducted in August 2017 up to January 2018 in Malang Regency of East Java Province, Indonesia. 100 respondents as partnership system of broiler farmer was participated in this study who was determined by total sampling. The research variables consist of: a) financial resources, b) technology resources, c) physic resources, d) economic resources, e) environmental resources, f) social resources, g) human resources, and h ) business development. The data was analyze used by SEM with SmartPLS 2.0 analysis tool. The results indicate that: 1) The development of partnership system of broiler farming business is directly influenced by the financial resources of 2.421, the physic resources is 1.821, the economic resources 2.445, and the human resources 2.904, but the development of partnership system of broiler farming business direct are not affected by technology resources, environmental resources, and social resources; 2) The development of partnership system of broiler farming business is indirect with quality of human resources is influenced by the financial resources of 2.629, technology resources of 6.092, physic resources of 2.308, and economic resources of 2.312, but the development of partnership system of broiler business is indirectly with the quality of human resources are not influenced by environmental resources and social resources
Retained placenta in Relation with Blood Components in Egyptian crossbred cattle
Full text link The present study was carried out in the veterinary units on 14 normal cows and 32 cows with Retained Placenta. Cows were chosen after about 6 to 12 hours from parturition in Shebin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt. Results show that there was very highly significant increase of concentrations of all blood biochemical components, macro elements and micro elements in normal cows than those in retained fetal membranes cows except in globulin, Sodium and Manganese. On the other hand, plasma concentrations of biochemical components were highly significant between summer and winter in cholesterol, total protein and albumin but it wasn’t significant in glucose, globulin and A/G ratio. Moreover, there was very highly significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all macro elements except potassium and Ca/P ratio. Also, there was very highly significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all micro elements except Manganese. Meanwhile, plasma concentrations of biochemical components were not significant between parities except in A/G ratio. Furthermore, there was no significant in plasma concentration between summer and winter in all macro elements. But, there was very highly significant (P≤0.01) in plasma concentration of Cu and Cd between summer and winter, and it was significant (P≤0.05) in Fe and Se but, there was no significant in Co, Zn, Mn, and Mo. The aim of this study was to determine blood plasma constituents and inorganic macro and micro elements in the case of retained placenta in crossbred cattle under Egyptian conditions
Assessment of Genetic Relationships between Growth Traits and Milk Yield in Egyptian Buffaloes
Full text linkData in this study were collected from live body weight records and milk yield for the first three lactations of Egyptian buffaloes maintained at the Mahallet Mousa Experimental Station of Animal Production Research Institute, relying on 987 records of Egyptian buffaloes spread over 16 years. These data were analyzed to estimate genetic parameters using animal model. Overall means in kilograms of BW, WW, W18, WFC, 1stMY, 2ndMY and 3rdMY were 36.56, 96.95, 322.02, 462.09, 1561.53, 1755 and 1837.71, respectively. Direct additive heritability (h2a) for mentioned traits were 0.31, 0.22, 0.24, 0.27, 0.23, 0.23 and 0.17, respectively. Corresponding computation of maternal heritability (h2m) for same traits were 0.39, 0.34, 0.22, 0.40, 0.29, 0.31 and 0.21, respectively. Evaluation of genetic correlations among different all studied traits were positive and ranged from 0.07 to 0.83, while phenotypic correlations were positive and ranged from 0.02 to 0.55. Accuracy of (PBV's) varying from 62 to 76, 62 to 83 and 41 to 77% for sires, cows and dams, successively; pointing out the genetic improvement could be achieved through any pathway of them. Higher direct and maternal heritability for BW and WFC and genetic correlations between first three lactations milk yield and each of BW and WFC higher than genetic correlations between first three lactations milk yield and WW and W18. Therefore, it is appropriate to select buffalo female calves for live body weight at birth than for live body weights at other ages
Traits of Sheep and Effects of Protein Supplements on Semen Profile in Indigenous Sheep of Bangladesh
Full text linkThe study was carried out at Chittagong district of Bangladesh with a predesigned well-structured questionnaire to know the baseline information of indigenous sheep and effects of protein supplementations on fertility. Three iso-caloric but different graded levels of protein containing rations were supplied to the three different groups of sheep in three locations. The morphometric traits of sheep such as hair length, ear length, tail length, body length and quantitative trait, body weight in the location 3were higher than the other two locations. Hair length of male (1.91±0.01cm) was longer than female whereas the average body length, tail length and body weight of females were higher than the males. All the correlation values was positive, where the highest value was observed among the body weight, body length and withers height (r=0.73) and the lowest value was observed in between chest girth and ear length (r=0.25). Considering the qualitative traits percentage of plain coat color, non-pigmented skin color, brown coat color and semi-pendulous ear found maximum than others and the values were 54.21%, 69.16%, 45.79%, 57.01%, respectively. The semen volume, sperm counts, percentages of normal and viable sperm were higher in treatment 2 than the other two groups. The present study concluded that there is an influence of protein supplementation on reproductive performance especially semen profile in ram and this outcome will create a new horizon of sheep production in Bangladesh
Genetic Polymorphism of SCD1 Gene of Holstein-Friesian Cows in Indonesia
Full text linkStearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) belongs to the fatty acid family of desaturases. In lactating ruminants, the SCD1 protein is highly expressed in the mammary gland and is relevant for the fatty acid composition of milk and dairy products. Polymorphism of SCD1 gene in Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows could be used as a basis of molecular selection of cattle in order to increase their productivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphism of SCD1 gene of Holstein-Friesian cows in Indonesia. A total of 162 blood samples of HF cows were collected from four different locations i.e. Bogor, Sukabumi, Tasikmalaya and Enrekang districts. Genotyping of SCD1 gene used PCR-RFLP method with NcoI restriction enzyme. The result showed that three genotypes (AA, AV and VV) and two alleles (A and V) have successfully found and polymorphic. A allele was dominant in all populations (0.63) and in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. The highest A allele was found in Sukabumi (0.78) and the lowest was in Bogor (0.55). Heterozigosity observed and expected reached 0.471 and 0.470, respectively. In conclusion, genetic polymorphism was found in all population with dominant of A allele. This finding can be used as a early genetic information of Holstein-Friesian cattle in Indonesia and to build breeding strategy for improving of productivity especially improving of healthy fat milk.
Meat Quality on Sentul Cocks with Different Immunoglobulin Yolk Concentrations
Full text linkSentul cocks is one of the native chicken breeds in Indonesia which is originally raised by Villagers in Ciamis District, West Java. Healthy chicken cells can function properly, especially in the metabolic process. Healthy chickens are expected to produce better muscle development. IgY is a protein molecule substance that can neutralize a number of microorganisms that cause infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of IgY concentration on physicochemical and organoleptic qualities of meat. This study used 20 cocks, 4th month ages, consist of 2 treatments (IgY concentrations above 9.30 ± 0.45 mg mL-1 and IgY concentrations below 9.30 ± 0.45 mg mL-1). The variable observed include physicochemical and organoleptic quality of meat. The study was used completely randomized design. Data were analyzed by t-test. The result concluded that cocks with concentrations above 9.30 ± 0.45 mg mL-1 produced meat with lower malonaldehyde. The low content of malonaldehyde in meat shows that the meat produced is healthier
Identification of GH|MspI and GHR|AluI Gene Polymorphism and its Association with Calf Birth Weight of Grati-PO Cattle
Full text linkCalf birth weight (CBW) is one of the important selection criteria to predict mature body weight and for calving ease in beef cattle. The GH and GHR genes are considered as candidate genes responsible for growth traits in cattle. The objectives of this study were to identify the polymorphism of GH|MspI and GHR|AluI genes and its association with CBW in Grati-PO cattle. A total of 186 Grati-PO cattle raised by BCRS from May to December 2017. Genomic DNA were isolated from whole blood and used in genotyping analysis using the PCR-RFLP method. The result showed that the average of CBW of Grati-PO cattle in present study was 25.58±3.31 kg. There was no statistical difference for CBW between male and female. The genotype frequency of CC, CT, and TT of GH gene were 1.1, 18.8 and 80.1 %, respectively and allele frequency of C and T of the GH gene were 0.105 and 0.895, respectively. While the genotype frequency of AA, AG, and GG of GHR gene were 66.1, 25.3 and 8.6 %, respectively, and allele frequency of A and G of GHR gene were 0.788 and 0.212, respectively. It concluded that both GH|MspI and GHR|AluI gene are polymorphic but not significantly associated with CBW in Grati-PO cattle
The relationship of pod colour with the quality of Indigofera zollingeriana
Full text linkIndigofera zollingeriana (Indigofera) plant is potential feed ingredients. The propagation of this plant is through seed. The low quality of seed is a problem in its development. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship of pod colour with quality of Indigofera seeds. The study was designed in a complete randomized design consisting of four pod colours and four replications, namely: P1= green, P2= brownish green, P3= brown, and P4= black. The parameters observed were: characteristic and morphology of pods and seeds of Indigofera, the growth of sprouts, and the growth of fungus on Indigofera seed. Results showed that the number of pests was fewest found in P2, brownish green pod (14%). The highest number of seeds was in P1, green pod (5173) and P2, brownish green pod (4944). The highest germination (62%) was detected in P2 (brownish green). The heaviest sprout was in P2, in brownish green pod (0.035g), highest sprout (2.68 cm) in P4, black pod colour. Based on fungus observation, the black pod (P4) provided the fewest result (6.63%), however most fungus grew very well in P1, the green pod (47.88%). It could be concluded that the brownish green pod colour was the best phase for harvesting good quality I. zolligeriana seed
Improvement of Viability of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum with Several Encapsulating Materials using Extrusion Method
Full text linkLactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum are probiotics commonly applied as dry starter for food system. Drying process in the production of dry starter can reduce the number of probiotics, therefore they are necessary to be encapsulated. Aim of this research was to obtain best encapsulating material for both probiotics. Encapsulation technique used in this research was extrusion with maltodextrine-alginate, sago starch-alginate, corn starch-alginate, and control of treatment skim milk-alginate (w:w) as encapsulating materials. The four encapsulating materials significantly affected the value of viability, encapsulation efficiency, number of cell in wet beads and dry beads, number of survival cell during drying process, and number of survival encapsulated cell in simulated acid and bile salt conditions. Based on viability of L. casei and B. longum, beads matrix characteristic, number of cell in wet beads and dry beads, and number of survival cells during drying process, maltodextrine-alginate was better than sago starch-alginate and corn starch-alginate, but was not as good as skim milk-alginate (control of treatment) as encapsulating material. Viability (number) of L. casei and B. longum in dry beads of maltodextrine-alginate were 4.69±0.08 log CFU/g and 5.32±0.21 log CFU/g, while number of L. casei and B. longum in dry beads of skim milk-alginate were higher 5.08±0.07 log CFU/g and 6.20±0.16 log CFU/g. L. casei more resistant than B. longum against acidic (low pH) environment. In the presence of 0.3% bile salt, L. casei and B. longum encapsulated with skim milk-alginate increased as much as 2.75±0. 02 and 1.61±0.04 log cycles, respectively
The influence of dietary protein and energy levels on the performance, meat bone ratio and meat chemical composition of SenSi-1 Agrinak chicken
Full text linkSensi-1 Agrinak is a strain of the improved native chickens for meat production in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to investigate influence of different dietary energy and protein levels on performance, meat bone ratio, and meat chemical composition of Sensi-1 Agrinak chicken, reared until 10 weeks of age. Two hundred and sixteen of unsexed day old chickens (DOC) of Sensi-1 Agrinak were subjected to six experimental rations differed in dietary crude protein (CP) content,. Namely: 21;19; and 17 % and dietary metabolizable energy (ME) (2800 and 3000 kcal/kg). Each treatment combination was replicated four times and fed from day old to 10 weeks old. In each treatment combination there were nine unsexed-DOCs. The parameters observed were performance (i.e. live weight, feed intake, viability, FCR), economic index (European Production Efficiency Factor/EPEF), meat bone ratio, and meat chemical composition. Result showed that increased of dietary CP level increased live weight and EPEF (p0.05). Sensi-1 Agrinak chicken had the best FCR (2.59), when fed diet containing 21% CP and 3000 kcal/kg. Increased dietary CP level increased the meat-bone ratio of breast, thighs, and drumsticks. Meanwhile, increased levels of dietary CP and ME did not affect (p0.05) meat chemical composition. It is concluded that optimal dietary levels of crude protein and energy for unsexed Sensi-1 Agrinak chicken up to 10 weeks of age were 21% CP and 3000 kcal/kg