Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner
Not a member yet
695 research outputs found
Sort by
Protective value of immune responses developed in goats vaccinated with insoluble proteins from Sarcoptes Scabiei
Get PDFVaccines developed from certain membrane proteins lining the lumen of arthropod’s gut have been demonstrated effective in the control of some arthropod ectoparasites. A similar approach could also be applied to Sarcoptes scabiei since this parasite also ingests its host immunoglobulins. To evaluate immune protection of the membrane proteins, insoluble mite proteins were fractionated by successive treatment in the solutions of 1.14 M NaCl, 2% SB 3-14 Zwitterion detergent, 6 M urea, 6 M guanidine-HCl and 5% SDS. Five groups of goats (6 or 7 goats per group) were immunised respectively with the protein fractions. Vaccination was performed 6 times, each with a dosage of 250 μg proteins, and 3 week intervals between vaccination. Group 6 (7 goats) received PBS and adjuvant only, and served as an unvaccinated control. One week after the last vaccination, all goats were challenged with 2000 live mites on the auricles. The development of lesions were examined at 1 day, 2 days, and then every week from week 1 to 8. All animals were bled and weighed every week, and at the end of the experiment, skin scrapings were collected to determine the mite burden. Antibody responses induced by vaccination and challenge were examined by ELISA and Western blotting. This experiment showed that vaccination with the insoluble-protein fractions resulted in the development of high level of specific antibodies but the responses did not have any protective value. The severity of lesions and mite burden in the vaccinated animals were not different from those in the unvaccinated control. Key Words: Sarcoptes scabiei, Insoluble Protein, Goat, Vaccinatio
Analysis of genetic relationship among Indonesian native chicken breeds based on 335 D-loop sequences
Get PDFThe Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop segment was PCR amplified and subsequently sequenced for a total of 335 individuals from Indonesian native chicken. The individuals were drawn from sixteen populations of native chicken and three individuals of green jungle fowls (Gallus varius). Indonesian native chicken populations were: Pelung Sembawa, PL (n = 18), Pelung Cianjur, PLC (n = 29) and Arab Silver, ARS (n=30), Cemani, CM (n = 32), Gaok, GA (n = 7), Kedu Hitam, KDH (n = 11), Wareng, T TW (n = 10), Cemani, CMP (n = 2), Kedu, KD (n=26), Kedu Putih, KDP (n = 15), Sentul Jatiwangi, STJ (n = 27), Ayam Kate, KT (n = 29), Ayam Sentul, STC (n = 15), Arab Golden, ARG (n = 26), Ayam Merawang, MR (n = 28), Kedu Putih Jatiwangi, KDPJ (n=6) and Kapas, KPS (n = 21). Green jungle fowls were: two individuals from Flores island (FL5 and FL57) and one individual (BD42) from Sumbawa island. The sequences of the first 530 nucleotides were used for analysis. Eighty two haplotypes were identified from 78 polymorphic sites for the 335 individuals. Seventy nine haplotypes were identified in native chicken from 57 polymorphic sites while three were of jungle fowls. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Indonesian native chicken can be grouped into five clades (Clade I, II, IIIc, IIId and IV) of the previously identified seven clades (Clade I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IIIc, IIId and IV) in Asian domestic chicken. Haplotypes CM10 and CM32 fall to a different category while STC12 is also on its own. Interestingly STC12 clusters together with Gallus gallus gallus (GenBank accession No. SULANDARI et al. Analysis of genetic relationship among Indonesian native chicken breeds based on 335 D-loop sequences 296 AB007720). When CM10 (same as CM14), CM32 and STC12 were removed, 77 haplotypes of domestic chicken were identified from 53 polymorphic sites. All the green jungle fowls are clustered to one clade of their own. The clades of domestic chicken are: Clade I which has three haplotypes, Clade II has 52 haplotypes, Clade IIIc has one haplotype (represented by ARS30), Clade IIId has nine haplotypes while Clade IV has eleven haplotypes. The phylogenetic relationship between chicken populations has no link to the geographic locations. Analysis of molecular variance showed that the genetic variation within populations was 67.42% while 32.58% accounted for the genetic differentiation between populations. Key Words: Native Chiken, Green Jungle Fowls, D-Loop DNA Mitochondria, HV-1, Clade, Haplotype, Phylogenetic, Genetic Variatio
Comparative study of the productivity of Madura Cattle and Its crossbreed with Limousin in Madura island
Get PDFComparative study of the productivity between Madura cattle and crossbreed (Madura x Limousine) was done to identify problem and potential of crossbreed cattle at Madura island. Survey and direct field observation were conducted in Pamekasan. Data were descriptively analyzed or using correlation-regression, and t-test and indicated that service per conception (S/C) and calving rate (CR) of Madura cattle (n=34) and crossbreed (n=38) were 1.464 and 1.986; 58.8 and 52.6% respectively. Average birth weight (n = 17), weaning weight (n = 15) and ADG (average daily gain) pre weaning (n = 15) on calf of Madura cattle were 19.78 ± 1.224 kg; 119.53 ± 9.772 kg; 445 ± 48.53 g/day. Average birth weight (n = 17), weaning weight (n = 14) and ADG pre weaning (n = 14), on calf of crossbreed offspring were 27.60 ± 1.298 kg; 171.47 ± 31.055 kg; 678 ± 146.03 g/day. It is concluded that reproductive performance of Madura cattle was greater than their crossbreed, whereas production performance on calf of crossbreed offspring was greater than calf of Madura cattle. It is suggested that good quality and continuous supply of local feed must be maintained to prevent the negative effect for their growth. Key words: Madura cattle, Limousine cattle, crossbreed, productivit
nutritional composition and in vitro digestibility of indigofera sp at different interval and intensity of defoliations
Get PDFOne of the main constraints in increasing livestock productivity in the tropical region is the scarcity of good quality feed throught the year, particularly during the long-dry season. Being a leguminous tree, Indigofera sp known to be tolerant to dry climate and salinity, should be considered as alternative fodder for ruminant animals. This study is aimed to investigate the productivity and some nutritional quality of Indigofera sp under different interval and hight of defoliation. The experiment was designed in a randomized block of factorial treatments. The factors were interval of defoliation (30, 60 and 90 days) and hight of defoliation (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m above ground level). Indigofera sp was planted in 4 x 3 m plots of 36 plots (4 replications) and were harvested at 8 months old. The DM production, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility were measured according to the treatments. The highest DM productivity was (33.25 t ha-1 y-1) at defoliation interval of 90 days and defoliation hight of 1.5 m, and was not different (P 0.05) from the treatment combination of 60 days defoliation interval and 1,5 m defoliation hight (31.23 t ha-1 y-1). The highest leaf/stem ratio was 2.6 (P 0.05) in the 30 day defoliation interval across the defoliation hight. The OM content of Indigofera sp was not affected by defoliation treatments and ranging from 884.6 to 906.8 g/kg. The highest NDF and ADF contents were (P 0.05) in the 90-d defoliation interval and 1.0 m (387.9 and 272.6 g/kg, respectively) and were not different (P 0.05) for the 90-d defoliation interval and 1.5 m defoliation hight (385.6 and 267.0 g/kg, respectively). The crude protein content was lowest (P 0.05) in the 30-d defoliation interval across the defoliation hight ranging from 211.2 to 219.7 g/kg, and it was not different between the 60 and 90-d defoliation interval across the defoliation hight (255.0-258.1 g/kg and 230.3-236.0 g/kg, respectively). Defoliation hight did not affect (P 0.05) the DM and OM in vitro digestibility. They were at the 90-d defoliation interval ranging from 680.2 to 706.8 g/kg and from 668.6 to 686.8 g/kg, respectively across the defoliation hight different. The DM and OM digestibility were not different (P 0.05) between the 30 and 60-day defoliation intervals. It is concluded that when planted at low land of wet climate the combination of a 60-d defoliation interval and 1.5 m defoliation hight is an optimum cutting management in utilization of Indigofera sp as foliage for ruminant. Key Words: Defoliation, Nutritive Quality, Productivity, Indigofera s
Diagnosis of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle using capture-ELISA assay for detecting antigen in faeces
Get PDFCapture-ELISA assay is a diagnosis for antigen detection in the serum or faeces using polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of capture-ELISA assay using polyclonal antibody for diagnosing Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle by detecting antigen in the faeces. In this study, faecal samples and livers were collected from 141 cattle slaughtered in the abattoir in Jakarta. From each animal, liver was processed for liver flukes count and the corresponding faecal sample was analysed for coproantigen. The result of capture-ELISA assay for antigen detection showed that from 85 cattle infected with Fasciola gigantica, 83 had OD 0.52 (range from 0.52-1.39) and 2 cattle had OD 0.52 (range from 0.17-0.51). The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 97.6% and 92.8% respectively. The assay also able to detect 50 ng/ml of antigen in faecal supernatant. It suggests that this assay will have the advantage over the other methods on its ability to detect the active infection. Collection of faeces, rather than serum, will allow a more cost-effective and adaptable method. Key Words: Fasciola gigantica, Diagnosis, Capture-ELISA, Antige
Reliable preservation methods of mitochondrial DNA analysis for larvae and adult flies of Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae).
Get PDFThe Old World Screwworm fly, Chrysomya bezziana is known as a myiasis agent in Indonesia. The aim of the study is to establish a reliable preservation methods for molecular analysis of insect. Cytochrom b (CB) and Cytochrome Oxidase sub unit I (COI) of mitochondrial DNA were used as markers. Drying method was used to preserve adult flies, while the larvae were kept in 10% formalin and 80% ethanol with or without soaked using hot water prior preservation. Two samples of each preservation were tested. Four primers were used to amplify samples using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The PCR product were then purified and sequenced. Sequence data analysis of all samples suggested no differences between all preservation methods except using 10% formalin. Preservation samples using 10% formalin is not suitable for collecting mitochondrial DNA of insect. The best methods was using 80% ethanol with killed using hot water prior preservation. This method was able to extract a stabile mitochondrial DNA. Key words: Chrysomya bezziana, preservation, formalin, ethanol, mitochondrial DN
Viability of bovine demi embryo after splitting of fresh and frozen thawed embryo derived from in vitro embryo production
No full textIn vivo embryo production was limited by number of donor, wide variability respond due to superovulation program and also immunoactifity of superovulation hormone (FSH). Splitting technology could be an alternative to increase the number of transferrable embryos into recipien cows. Splitting is done with cutting embryo becoming two equal pieces (called demi embrio) base on ICM orientation. The objective of this research was to determine the viability of demi embryo obtained from embryo splitting of fresh and frozen thawed embryo. The results showed that demi embryos which performed blastocoel reexpansion 3 hours after embryo splitting using fresh and frozen thawed embryos were 76.9 and 76.2% respectively. Base on existention of inner cell mass (ICM), the number of demi embryos developed with ICM from fresh and frozen thawed embryos were not significantly different (90.6 and 85.7% respectively. The cell number of demi embryo from fresh embryos splitting was not different compared with those from frozen thawed embryos (36.1 and 35.9 respectively). These finding indicated that embryo splitting can be applied to frozen thawed embryos with certain condition as well as fresh embryos. Key Words: In Vitro Embryo, Splitting, Demi Embryo, Cell Numbe
Genetic variation on internal protein matric (M1) and non structural protein (NS1) of Indonesian avian influenza virus H5N1 subtype
Get PDFThe mutation and genetic variation of avian influenza virus ussually associated with Hemmaglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA). The HA and NA protein are surface glycoproteins which have role for receptor binding site of the virus, determine virus subtype and genetic variation occured in those proteins. On the other site, the virus have the internal protein that posses function for virus replication. This study analyzed the mutation on the the internal protein virus especially the Matrix (M1) and non structural (NS1) protein and its three dimensioanal structure of proteins. The methods used in this study were virus propagation, (Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction) RT-PCR sequencing of M1 and NS1 and using DS Modeller dan DS Standalone from Discovery Studio for Modeling and Simulation to predict the three dimentional structure of the proteins. The result of this study showed that Indonesian AI H5N1 subtype had genetic variation internal protein and have no change on conserved of condition such as putative zinc finger and nuclear localization signal (NLS). Genetic variation that occured on PDZ motif of NS1 especially have human origin motif that might be correlated with virus adaptation on human. Key Words: Avian Influenza, Matrix (M1), Non Structural (NS1), Genetic Variatio
Comparison of external genetic of Wareng and Kampung Chicken, observed from introgression rate and genetic variability
Get PDFWareng and Kampung chicken are Indonesian native chicken that have good potential to be dual purpose chicken. Information on these chickens has not hast’n widely published so that their genetic potential is unknown. The purpose of this research is to collect basic data of the external genetic characteristic from Wareng and Kampung chickens consisting feather color, feather pattern, feather feature, feather shine, shank color and comb shape; to identify rate of introgression imported breed (Rhode Island Red, White Leghorn and Barred Plymouth Rock), the purity and genetic variability of Wareng and Kampung chickens. This study was carried out at the Research Institute for Animal Production, Ciawi, Bogor. Materials used were 361 of Wareng chickens (313 females, 48 males) and 439 of Kampung chickens (352 females, 87 males). Data were analyzed using formulas to identify gene frequency, rate of introgression of purity native gene frequency and the genetic variability. The result showed that the control of gene constitution on external characteristic of Wareng chicken was I_ E_ bb S_ Id_ pp and ii e+ _bb ss idid pp on Kampung chicken. Wareng chicken own constitution of gene the same as with White Leghorn (II EE SS BB IdId pp). Wareng Chicken is not containing frequency of original gene of Indonesian local chicken (Kampung). The level of influence value (rate of introgression) from Europe and American chicken for Wareng chicken was of equal to 84% and 25% to Kampung chicken. So that the purity for Wareng chicken was 16% and 75% was for Kampung chicken. The variability genetic of Kampung chickens (39%) higher than Wareng chicken (16%). Key Words: Wareng Chicken, Kampung Chicken, External Genetic, Introgression Rat
Performances and phylogenic relationships among local sheep in Indonesia by morphological analysis
Get PDFThe morphological discriminant and canonical analysis were carried out to estimate the phylogenic relationship and determine the discriminant variables between Indonesian local sheep of thin tail sheep from Jonggol (Bogor) and Garut and fat tail sheep from Indramayu (originated from East Java), Donggala, Madura, Kisar, Rote and Sumbawa. The number of sheep used was totally 818 heads collected from 8 populations, were Jonggol (185), Garut (74), Indramayu (100), Donggala (60), Madura (86) Kisar (231), Rote (52), and Sumbawa (30). Discriminant analysis used for body weight and body measurements were body length, wither height, chest width, chest depth, chest circumference, skull length, skull width, skull height, tail lenght, tail width, ear length and ear width. SAS package program was used to analyze the data. The results from analysis variant showed that the body weight and body measurenment of Garut sheep almost the same with sheep from Indramayu and significantly higher (P0,05) compared to another breeds. Whereas, Kisar and Rote have body weight and body measurenment significantly lower (P0,05) compared to another breeds. The results from Mahalanobis distance (phenogram tree) and canonical analyses showed that breeds were divided into five groups, the first group is Garut, the second is thin-tail sheep which existed in Jonggol, the third was fat-tailed sheep which existed in Kisar, Rote, and Sumbawa, the fourth is fat-tail sheep which existed in Donggala, and the fiveth was fat-tailed sheep which existed in Indramayu and Madura. The groups of sheep between Kisar and Rote had the smallest genetic distance value equal to 1,623 and groups between Donggala and Garut had the biggest genetic distance value equal to 7,994. The highest similarity between individual inside the group was obtained from Sumbawa (100%) and the lowest similarity was from Rote (72,41%). The results from canonical analyses showed that tail lenght, ear width, ear lenght, skull lenght, body lenght, and tail width were the most discriminant variables to determine the diferences between breeds. Key Words: Sheep, Genetic Distance, Analysis Discriminant and Cannonic