Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner
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Detection of deletion and mutation on pig Mx1 gene (gene resistance to influenza virus) with PCR-RFLP Nar I restriction
Get PDFThe study was done to detect the incident of deletion and mutation in exon 14th of Mx1 gene in pig. Six hundred base pairs at the position (1937 to 2537) of the 14th exon of the pig Mx1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 15 breed of pig DNA sample. The amplified PCR products were digested by Nar I enzyme that called restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The results show genetic polymorphism at the 14th exon of pig Mx1 gene. The Nar I digested revealed three phenotyphic variation (C/C, C/N and N/N, designated for Nar I cut homozygote, heterozygote and for Nar I no cut homozygote, respectively). The Nar I (N/N or C/N) type is corresponding to (1) the deletion 11 bp at the position 2064 to 2075. This type was observed in Landrace breed. (2) the incidence of two point mutation at the position 2065 Guanine (G) change to Thymine (T) and at the position 2124 Guanine (G) change to Adenine (A).This type was observed in Chinese native pig (Meishan) and Vietnamese native pig. Key words: Deletion, mutation, pig Mx1 gene and PCR-RFL
Non-linear growth analysis of Sumatera thin tail sheep and its cross breds
Get PDFGrowth curve is a figure of individual ability to express its genetic potential to maximum size under the existingenvironmental condition. Three non-linear growth curves, von Bertalanffy, Logistic and Gompertz, were used to analyze the weight-age relationship for five genotypes of sheep. The data were collected from IP2TP Sei Putih, North Sumatera. Num ber of animals which were collected consisted of five genotypes i.e, indigenous Sumatera (n=275), St. Croix (n=571), St. Croix Cross (n=899), Barbados Blackbelly Cross (n=471) and composite (n=740). The three non-linear growth curves were compared to obtain the most suitable curve for describing the shape of growth curves among sheep genotypes. The growth curves of von Bertalanffy fitted better than the others. The results showed that regression parameters of B or M (integral constante) were significantly different (P0.001) among growth curves. It means that higher asymptotic weights will be followed by faster growth rates to reach mature size. Value of A (asymptotic mature weigh) and k (growth rate to mature size) were not significant (P0.05). The data show that there was correlation between A and k. Key words: Sumatera thin-tail sheep, crossing, non-linear growt
Reciprocal crosses between Alabio and Mojosari ducks : early egg production
Get PDFalternative to increasing productivity and production efficiency. Crossbreeding has been used widely for increasing productivity, and in this experiment Alabio and Mojosari ducks were crossed reciprocally in order to evaluate their egg production and egg quality, when compared to their parental breeds. Four genotypes AA, AM, MA and MM were compared and each consisted of 50 layer ducks. Each animal was kept in individual cage, and individual egg production and egg quality were recorded. They were given layer feed containing 20% crude protein and 3000 kcal/kg metabolisable energy. Results showed that the crossbred ducks (AM and MA) laid eggs earlier than their parental breeds (AA and MM), and MA laid earlier than AM. The weight of first eggs of the crossbreeds did not differ significantly, AM was the same as MM and MA the same as AA. For the body weight at first lay, MA and AM weighed in between their parental breeds, AA was the heaviest and then followed by MA, AM and MM. For the 3-month egg production, MA ducks laid significantly more egg than the other 3 genotypes, and this is related to the age of first lay being the earliest. In terms of egg quality such as egg weight, yolk color, weight and thickness of shell, weight of the white and HU value, the crossbred ducks showed quality in between AA and MM. The AM ducks tended to be closer to MM and MA closer to AA, and this shows a strong influence of maternal effects. The average level of heterosis for weight of first egg is 2.41% and for 3-month egg production is 2.1%, but for MA cross the heterosis level is 11.69% for egg production. The overall results showed that crossbreeds between Alabio and Mojosari have the potential in improving production traits in the effort to increase productivity and production efficiency. Key words : Duck, crossbred, production eg
Phenotypic detection ofT lymphocyte subsets in Bali cattle lymph nodes with malignant catarrhal fever by immunohistochemical techniques
Get PDFA study was carried out to detect the phenotype ofT cell subsets in six Bali cattle affected with malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). This was performed by means of immunohistochemical technique using avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex methods. Seven monoclonal antibodies against lymphocyte surface antigen were used to detect T cell subsets ie . CD1, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD45, and WC 1. The results showed that the subsets were all detected either in the MCFor non-MCF infected Bali cattle lymph nodes. However, CD8 was more predominantly occupied in the MCF Bali cattle . This indicated that CD8 was a cytotouic Tlymphocytes and acted as potential mediators for immunopathological process in MCF. Keywords : Malignant catarrhal fever, Tlymphocyte subsets, Bali cattle, immunohistochemical techniqu
Profile of total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin globulin ratio in bulls
Get PDFDetermination of serum total protein concentration and main fractions (albumin and globulin) can be used as an important diagnostic tool in clinical biochemistry. Several factors can affect the concentration of total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin globulin ratio (A/G). The aim of this study is to obtain serum protein profiles, albumin, globulin and A/G ratio based on breed, age and BCS (body condition score). Blood samples from 160 bulls were collected. Blood chemistry were analyzed by photometer principle using a commercial kit. There were significant (P0.001) breed variation on total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin globulin ratio. Significant age differences were observed on total protein and albumin concentration (P0.001), while globulin concentration and A/G ratio were also significant (P0.05). Amongs groups of BCS, significant difference was verified only in the albumin concentration (P0.05). The concentration of total proteins, albumins and globulins in the serum of the bulls are higher than standard values for cattle, while A/G ratio is lower. Key Words: Serum Protein Profiles, Bulls, Breed, Age, Body Condition Score
Etabolism in compensatory growth . III. The urea, glucose and C02 entry rates in animal undergoing compensatory growth
Get PDFGlucose (GER), Urea (UER) and C02 (C02 ER) entry rates were studied at four points in the growth curve viz: before feed restriction (PI) after 8 weeks of feed restriction (P2), after 3 weeks (P3) and 15 weeks (P4) following resumption ofad libitum feeding. Sixteen Merino wethers were used and offerred pelleted lucerne (Medicago sativa) ad libitum for 3 weeks; then they were divided into 2 groups of eight. Group I continued to be fed ad libitum and Group 11 was fed pelleted lucerne at half maintenance level for 8 weeks and then fed ad libitum until the end of experiment. During feed restriction (P2), UER, urinary urea and urea transferred from the blood to the gut were 74% lower in group II than those in group I due to the reduction of N intake . At P2 GER and C02ER were also lower (53% and 56%, respectively) because of the reduction of available glucose precursor and metabolic rate. Similarly AV concentration difference of glucose, glucose taken up by the hind-limb muscle and the percentage of glucose taken up by muscle that was oxidised were reduced by 52%, 86% and 48%, respectively . When animals resumed ad libitum feeding, the components of urea entry rate (except plasma urea concentration), GER and C02ER were markedly increased indicating A switch to the anabolic mode, followed by increased glucose taken up and oxidised by the hind-limb muscle . The significance of glucose in muscle metabolism during compensatory growth was shown in the dramatic increase in the actual rate of glucose oxidation per unit muscle weight . It appears that the priority of usage of glucose taken up by muscle during compensatory growth is for oxidation to both C02 and lactate. Key words: Glucose entry rate, C02 entry rate, plasma ure
Prevention of enterotoxacmiu in transported cattle
Get PDFFatal enterotoxaemia of transported cattle is frequently reported in Indonesiu. Acute enteritis and fatal enterotoxaemia of cattle and buffaloes in Indonesia are associated with toxigenic Clostridium perfringenr type A. The outbreaks could have been caused by some kinds of stress, such as a possible change in nutrition or management as well as transportation . To reduce mortality rate caused by enterotoxaemia, an effective vaccine against the disease was produced . The vaccine was made in an alum precipitated toxoid form, prepared from Clostridlumperfringens type A toxin, which was then tested for safety in mice and for its capacity in generating high immunity in cattle. The vaccine was then used to immunise transported cattle as an attempt to reduce mortality rate and to observe antibody response of cattle following vaocletdon. The results showed that mortality in vaccinated was lower than in non-vaccinated groups of cattle. From field observation, it was obvious that alum precipitated toxoid vaccine could produce good immune response against enterotoxaemia in cattle . It was also evidence that this vaccine could reduce mortality in transported cattle . Keywords: Enterotoxaemia, vaccine, transportation, cattl
Influence of Bacillus spp culture supplementation through feed or drinking water on the performance of layer chiken
Get PDFThree thousands 65 weeks old layers were used and divided into 3 groups of 1000 birds, and further divided into 4 sum group (250 birds/group) as treatment replicates, and distributed randomly.Layer in group 1 were fed a basal diet + antibiotic (AB), group 2 were fed a basal diet + 10^9 CFU Bacillus spp culture (PB-M) and group 3 were fed a basal diet and Bacillus spp culture was supplemented in their drinking water (10^9 CFU/litre) (PB-A). The trial was conducted for 14 weeks (2 weeks adaptation period, 10 weeks the feeding treatments, and 2 weeks post treatment, where the AB group continues supplemented with antibiotic, while the PB-M and PB-A group, the Bacillus spp culture supplementation was withdrawned. During the treatment period,% HD production and its FCR of the bird supplemented with Bacillus spp culture were highly significant (P0.001) better than the one receiving antibiotic. There was no significant different between the PB-M and the PB-A groups. Prosentage HD production and its FCR during post treatment, the birds previously supplemented with Bacillus spp culture were remained significantly better than the one recieving antibiotic. The birds which were previously supplemented with Bacillus spp culture in the feed had significantly (P0.01) better % HD production and FCR.It is concluded that Bacillus spp culture, could be used to replace antibiotics as a growth promotor, it even gave better results. Key words: Antibiotic, Bacillus spp, laye
Effect of artificial insemination practices on the improvement of income of dairy cattle farmers in West Java
Get PDFA study was done to evaluate the effect of artificial insemination (AI) on the improvement of farmers income. This study was conducted in Bandung district, where doing cattle population was concentrated, from which four locations were chosen, namely : Pangalengan, Kertasari, Lembang and Cisarua. In this study 1,800 non pregnant and healthy cows were selected. Artificial Insemination practices applied were : insemination at 60-90 days post partum precise check estrous and precise insemination time (9-24 hour after the first sign of estrous). Data of these 1,800 cows collected in the previous study was used as control data. Pregnancy was determined through non return rate (NRR) method and confirmed by rectal palpation. To study the impact of AI on farmers income, 30 farmers from each location were sampled. Data was obtained through a survey and was analysed based on descriptive and partial methods as it is commonly used in similar studies. The dairy cattle farming in each location was only part of the agriculture business own by farmers. Therefore the composition of cattle raised was not balanced productive and nonproductive cattle. Practices of AI in this study significantly reduce the lactation length : 363 to 312 days for Pangalengan, 355 to 316 days for Kertasari, 368 to 313 days for Lembang and 348 to 321 days for Cisarua. This optimalization of lactation length increases the farmers income as much as follow : Rp 615.02/head/days for Pangalengan, Rp 615.17 /head/day for Kertasari, Rp 601.32/head/day for Lembang and Rp 301.08/head/day for Cisarua. The application of AI practices in this study affect the income of farmers significantly, but the real application in rural areas needs special attention especially on the facilities for AI, in order to get the optimum result. Key words : Dairy cows, AI, lactation length, milk production, farmers income
The isolations of Toxoplasma gondii from diaphragm of a sheep having high antibody titre and faecal-soil of a cat
Get PDFIn relation to isolate Toxoplasma gondii from animals, 161 samples each of serums pairs and diaphragms were collected from 123 sheep and 38 goats from an abbatoir of Cibadak subdistrict, district of Sukabumi, and 30 faecal-soil samples of cats from some areas in district of Bogor. By using indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test serums were examined, and 60.16% and 39.47% of sheep and goats serums were found positive toxoplasmosis with antibody titres varied ranging from 1 :64 to 1 :8 .192 . Meanwhile, diaphragms of sheep and goats having antibody titres higher than 1 :2 .048 were extracted and the extracts were then passaged by innoculating into mice intraperitoneally . The results showed that cysts and tachyzoites of Toxoplasma were isolated from brain and peritoneal exudate ofmice respectively which were formerly innoculated by diaphragm extract of a sheep having the highest (1 :8 .192) antibody titre. On the other hand, oocysts of Toxoplasma were also isolated from one out of 30 (3.33%) faecal-soil samples ofcats examined by floatation method. Key words : Toxoplasmosis, Toxoplasma gondii, sheep, cysts, tachyzoites, faecal-soil, oocyst