Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner
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The effect of physic conditions of Caliandra calothyrsus and its mixing with fresh Gliricidia sepium toward the consumption and nutrient digestibility of sheep
Get PDFIt is reported that feedstuff preparation affects intake and digestibility of the ration. The objective of this experiment was to know the effect of physic conditions of Caliandra calothyrsus and its mixing with fresh Gliricidia sepium toward the digestibility and nutrient consumption of sheep. Fourty nine (49) thin tail sheep with the average body weight of 15.42 kg (SD 2.68) was randomly assigned into one out of five treatment groups of greenery feed which composed of different fresh Penisetum sp. (FP), fresh Caliandra calothyrsus (FC), fresh Gliricidia sepium (FG), dried C. calothyrsus (DC) and steamed C calothyrsus (SC). Treatment A (70% FP + 30% FC), B (70% FP + 30% FG), C (70% FP + 15% SC + 15% FG), D (70% FP + 15% DC +15% FG) and E (70% FP + 15% DC + 15% FG). The treatments had been carried out for 90 days. Water was given ad libitum. Parameters recorded in this experiment were nutrient consumption (dry matter/BK, crude protein, energy) and nutrient digestibility (BK, crude protein, energy). Data recorded were processed by covariant analysis with body weight of sheep at the early experiment treatment as a covariant. Results of the experiment showed that there were significant difference (P0.05) between fresh, dried, and steamed C. calothyrsus and its mixing with fresh G. sepium toward the consumption and nutrient digestibility. The average of consumption and nutrient digestibility value were high in mixing treatment of 15% fresh C. calothyrsus with 15% fresh G. sepium. Key words: Sheep, Caliandra calothyrsus, Gliricidia sepium, consumption, digestibilit
Effect of tempe waste on excreation of purine derivatives and microbial–N supply in lactating Etawah crossbred goats
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate excretion of purine derivatives and microbial–N supply in lactating Etawah crossbred goats fed with fermented soybean waste. Sixteen first lactating goats were randomly allotted into four dietary treatment groups that received 50% king grass plus R1: 50% concentrate, R2: 25% concentrate and 25% fresh tempe waste, R3: 25% concentrate and 25% fermented tempe waste, and R4: 25% concentrate and 25% gelatinizing of liquid tempe waste. Fermented tempe waste was made by fermentation of tempe waste (seed content of soybean) using Aspergillus niger, while for the gellatinizing of liquid tempe waste was made by gelatinized with maize flour. Protein balance studies were conducted during two week trial and at the end of the research. Urinary protein and purine derivatives were collected for analysis. Microbial–N supply was calculated from purine derivatives excretion. Results showed that nitrogen consumptions were significantly different between R4 and three other treatments and apparent digestible nitrogen in R3 were higher than that of R4 (P0.05). The nitrogen retention in R1 and R3 were higher than that of R2 and R4. Urinary purine derivatives in this study showed that allantoin, xanthine and hypoxanthine in R3 were higher than that of R4, while R1 and R2 were the same and the highest uric acid excretion and total purine derivatives were observed in R3. Microbial–N supply were significantly different between all treatments where R3 was the highest. This research concluded that fermented soybean waste had the highest total purine derivatives excretion and microbial–N supply to the lactating Etawah crossbred goats. Key words: Etawah crossbred goats, Aspergillus niger, allantoin, xanthin and hypoxanthi
Using CR1aa versus KSOM as the culture medium for in vitro embryo production of cattle
Get PDFThis research has been conducted at the laboratory of in vitro fertilization in the Department of Animal Science University of Wisconsin, USA. These embryos can be used for improving genetic value of Indonesian cattle. Oocytes were matured in TCM- 199 medium (in 5% CO2 incubator and at 390C) enriched with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 10 μl/ml, oestradiol 17 β 1μl/ml and 10% Fetal Calf Serum (FCS). The oocytes were fertilized in vitro with motile sperm and incubation between sperm and oocytes in fertilization medium Tyroide Albumin Lactate Pyruvate (TALP) for 20 hours. All zygotes were cultured in CR1aa (n=1549) medium versus modification of protein-free pottasium simplex optimized medium (KSOM) (n=675) up to blastocyst stage and were fed FCS 5 μl/50 μl medium on day 6, as treatment A and B respectively. Data were analyzed by completely randomized design with SAS program. Percentages of cleavage, morula, blastocyst, expanded blastocyst, unfertilized and degenerated ova in this study were 91.4% vs 75.6 %; 75.6% vs 58.9%; 61.5% vs 38.5%; 31.2% vs 5.1%, 8.6% vs 24.4%, 15.7% vs 8% which were significantly different (P0.01) for treatment CR1aa and KSOM respectively. Based on this study, CR1aa medium is better culture medium than KSOM for efficient in vitro production (IVP) of bovine embryos. Key words: Oocytes, in vitro fertilization, embryo, blastocyst, culture mediu
Effect of restrticted feeding on productivity of Mojosari x Alabio cross-bred layer ducks (MA): 1. First phase of laying 20-43 weeks old
Get PDFFeed cost is the major cost for duck-egg production which accounted to be more than 70% of total production cost. Feed efficiency of duck-egg production in Indonesia is low. The main reasons for the low feed efficiency (high feed conversion ratio, FCR) are (1) genetic trait (2) high feed wastage and (3) inadequate nutrient content of diet. An experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of restricted feeding of pelleted diet on Mojosari x Alabio (MA) cross-bred duck performances from 20-43 weeks old. The experiment was designed in a Completely Randomized Design. 156 MA cross-bred ducks were devided into three groups and fed three experimental diets: (1) 70%, 85%. and ad libitum. All experimental diets were fed to ducks for 24 weeks and feed intake, egg production, egg weight, FCR, molting and egg quality: egg yolk weight, albumen wight, egg shell weight and egg yolk colour score were measured as parameters. The results showed that the restricted feeding of 70% and 85% significantly (P0.05) reduced egg production, egg weight and induced early molting but did not adversely affect duck livability and egg quality. MA croos-bred duck was more efficient by feeding ad libitum than the restricted feeding. FCR of duck fed 70% (6.38) was significantly (P0.05) worst compared to FCR of duck fed 85% (3.68) and ad libitum (2.88). Key words: Restricted feeding, MA crossbred duck, productivity and egg qualit
Isolation, identification and serotyping of Pasteurella multocida isolates from pneumonic lungs of pigs and sensitivity to several their antibiotics
No full textSix isolates of Pasteurella multocida were recovered from 105 pneumonic lungs of pigs, collected from a pig slaughter house at Kapuk, West Jakarta and two piggeries in Tangerang, West Java. The identification and serotyping of the isolates based on the differences of their capsular antigenic, using indirect haemagglutination method, showed that five isolates were type A and one isolate was type D. Using the isc method, in vitro sensitivity of the isolates to seven kinds of antibiotics showed that all of the isolates were sensitive to nalidixic acid (NA 30 pg), enrofloxacin (ENR 5 pg), gentamycin (GN 10 gg), and sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim (SXT 25 pg), while five isolates were sensitive to doxycycline hydrochloride (DO 30 gg), four isolates were sensitive to erythromycin (E 15 pg), and two isolates were sensitive to tetracycline (TE 15 pg) . Key words : Pasteurella multocida, pig, serotyping, antibiotic
Effect of feeding methods of katuk (Sauropus androgynus) extract on performance and carcass quality of broiler chickens
Get PDFThe present experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of feeding methods of katuk extract on performance and carcass quality of broilers. Sixty 20-d-old male broilers were distributed to 5 treatment groups of 4 replicates with 3 birds each. One treatment group was fed basal diet without katuk extract (P0), whereas other treatment groups were fed basal diet plus 18 g katuk extract/kg diet (P1), basal diet plus 9 g katuk extract/l drinking water (P2), basal diet plus 9 g katuk extract/kg diet plus 4.5 g katuk extract/l drinking water (P3), and basal diet plus 4.5 g katuk extract/kg diet plus 2.25 g katuk extract/l drinking water (P4). Experimental results showed that weight gain of P1 and P4 were significantly higher (P0.05) than those of P0 and P2. Feed conversion ratio of P1 and P4 were significantly lower than those of P0 and P2 (P0.05). Feed intake, water intake, the weights of heart, liver and gizzard were not significantly different (P0.05), but the weight of intestine was significantly affected (P0.05) Abdominal fat of P4 was significantly lower than that of P0, P1 and P2 (P0.05). Carcass color of P4 was significantly better than that of P0, P1, P2 and P3 (P0.01). Katuk extract feeding had no effect on smell and taste of meat (P0.05). P4 had better meat color than P0, P1, dan P2 (P0.05). Katuk extract feeding had no effect on meat bone ratio, carcaas weight and cooking loss (P0.05). In conclusion, in order to improve performance and carcass quality, broiler chickens could be given katuk extract through diet plus drinking water at level of 4.5 g/kg diet plus 2.25 g/l drinking water. Key words: Katuk extract, performance, carcass quality, abdominal fa
Effect of different diluents on the quality of sperm sexing cows with a gradient albumin (egg white)
Get PDFDamage of spermatozoa membrane in sexing procces with albumin gradient can decrease the quality of spermatozoa, thus to solve that need diluents for protect spermatozoa membrane to make good quality. The aim of this research is to know the best diluents between Andromed and CEP2 (cauda epididymal plasma) + 0% of yolk to keep the quality of Limousin Cow’s Spermatozoa from sexing procces with albumin’s gradient. Parameters measured for the quality of spermatozoa were : spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa viability, spermatozoa abnormality, spermatozoa concentration, and spermatozoa motility, membrane integrity, spermatozoa capacity, and acrosom reaction. Observation of membrane integrity using HOS (Hypoosmotic Swelling Test), observation of capacity and acrosom reaction using fluoresen CTC (Chortetracycline) dye. Result show that Andomed diluents and CEP2 + 10% yolk in top layer and bottom (X) and (Y) layer can keep the quality of Limousin Cow’s spermatozoa in sexing procces include spermatozoa motility (X 62,5%, Y 58%,) (X 56,5%, Y 55%), viability (X 91,64%, Y 91,51%) (X 89,87%, Y 93,51%, spermatozoa’s concentration (X 643 million /ml, Y518 million /ml) (X648 million/ml, Y517 million/ml), total spermatozoa are motil (X373,60 juta/ml, Y187,80 million/ml) (X 296,03 miliion/ml, Y 187,38 million/ml) , and have low abnormality (X 4,11%, Y 4,38%), (X 6,42%, Y 4,04%). Andromed diluents and CEP2 + 10% yolk can keep the integrity of spermatozoa membrane (X 87,60%, Y 80,26%) (X 79,61%, Y 81,03%), remains well and have the spermatozoa are not yet capacitation(X 87,60%, Y83,71%) (X 79,61%, Y 81,03%) remains high, spermatozoa capacity (X 9,76%, Y 9,92%) (X 13,45%, Y 8,95%), dan acrosom reaction (X 4,11%, Y 4,38%), (X 6,42%, Y 4,04%) remains low. Andromed diluents was not different (P 0,05) from CEP2 diluents + 10% yolk in keeping the quality of Limousin Cow Spermatozoa from the sexing process with albumin’s gradient (egg white). Key Words: Semen, Andromed, CEP+10% Yolk, Albumin’s Gradient, Sexin
Influence of feeding protected protein and energy on intake and digestion by lambs
Get PDFTo determine the effect of additional protected protein and energy on intake and digestion in lambs, a trial was conducted using 36 young sheep (average body weight 24 .8 _+ 1 .7 kg) in a completely randomized design . Combination of three levels of protected protein (0, 10 and 20%, based on the dry matter of the concentrate offered) and three levels of protected energy (0, 5, 10%, based on the dry matter of the concentrate offered) were added into concentrate diet and fed to growing sheep. Results showed that different levels of feed additive did not affect (P0 .05) intake of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and metabolizable energy, with average of 76 .3 g, 68.9 g, 31 .2 g, 16 .79 g and 0.75 MJ /kg BW0.75 respectively . Level of protected protein gave significant (P0 .05) respons on crude protein intake (7 .4 vs 8.7 vs 9.8 g/kg BW0.75) . Combination of protected protein and energy did not affect animal ability to digest the nutrient effectively. A mixtures of 20 % protected protein and 5 %energy addition into concentrate diet increased average daily gain (ADG) as much as 100 g. It was also found that for every gram ADG needs 42.2 kJ metabolizable energy . Key words : Protein, protected energy, shee
The effect of superovulation prior to mating on fetal growth in Iambs from Javanese thin-tail ewes
Get PDFTwenty-nine fetuses (11 fetuses from 9 non-superovulated ewes and 18 fetuses from 8 superovulated ewes) were used to study the effect of superovulation of ewes prior to mating on fetal weight, fetal length, the length of the body and limbs, chest circumference, weights of the body, head, neck, limb, and viscera. Superovulated ewes, though with a higher litter size, had a greater fetal growth as was indicated by the greater fetal weight and length, the length and weight of the body and limb on day 49 of pregnancy. On day 105 of pregnancy, superovulated ewes with multiple fetuses (≥3) had similar fetal growth than nonsuperovulated ewes with single and twin fetuses. However, superovulated ewes with a single fetus had greater fetal growth as was shown by the greater fetal weight and length, the length of the body and limbs, chest circumference, and weight of the body, limb, and viscera when compared to those non-superovulated ewes with a single or twin fetuses. The results of the experiment suggested that superovulation of ewes prior to mating could be used to improve fetal prenatal growth during pregnancy Key words: Superovulation, fetal growth, pregnancy, shee
Utilization of tree legume forages as protein sources of beef cattle ration
Get PDFA study was conducted in Balai Penelitian Temak Bogor, for evaluating the use of tree legume as the main source of protein for growing cattle . The study was conducted for 17 weeks using 15 Ongole-crossed bull calves with body weight 77-138 kg . The study was carried out in randomized block design with 5 treatments and 3 replications . Five dietary treatments consist of lamtoro, glirisidia, caliandra, beefkwik and urea with 1496 crude protein and 6396 total digestible nutrient (TDN). Parameters measured were feed consumption, nutrients digestibility, nitrogen retention, weight gain and feed and protein efficiency . The results showed that the tree legume rations had higher (P0.01) dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and TDN consumption than the beefkwik and urea, but the nutrient digestibilities were lower especially for caliandra (P0.01) . Caliandra also had lower nitrogen retention than the others . Average daily gain of cattle fed with lamtoro and glirisidia were higher (P0.01) than that of caliandra, but between lamtoro and glirisidia didn't show the significant different . Caliandra and beefkwik produced different average body weight gain (P0.01) . Beefkwik produced higher feed and protein efficiency than tree legume ration especially as compared with caliandra (P0 .01) but among tree legumes, glirisidia produced higher feed and protein efficiency than the caliandra (P0.01) . It is concluded that glirisidia was the best forage as protein source for growing calves