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Natural Dye Plants for Traditional Weaving in Sintang and Sambas Regencies, West Kalimantan: TUMBUHAN PEWARNA ALAMI UNTUK TENUN TRADISIONAL DI KABUPATEN SINTANG DAN KABUPATEN SAMBAS KALIMANTAN BARAT
No full textThis research aimed to study natural dye plants used by Sambas and Sintang traditional weavers in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The study includes the kinds of plants used for natural dyes and it’s existence in people’s settlements. Weavers in Sintang and Sambas Regencies of West Kalimantan Province have been using natural dye plants gathered from the forests nearby. However, forest degradation and conversion have reduced their existence. As a consequence, people begin to lose their natural dye resources. Besides, weavers use synthetic dyes because it is cheaper and more practical. Nowadays the trend ‘back to nature’ makes natural dye plants more valuable and reconsidered. The use of dye plants in traditional weaving adds their unique and inherent value, especially in the international market. An ethnobotanical methodology of a semi-structured interview was carried out to study the dye plants used in Sambas and Sintang\u27s traditional weaving to provide sustainable, eco-friendly dyes. The specific respondents were chosen using the Snowball Sampling Technique. The results showed that Sambas and Sintang weavers used 30 and 11 species, respectively, as dye plants. A total of 36 species were used for Sambas and Sintang traditional weaving, five of which were used as natural dye both in Sintang and Sambas. The Important Value Index of the dye plants in the field varied from high to low, and a few plants did not exist in the resident vicinity. Engkerebang (Psychotria megacoma), emarek (Symplocos ophirensis), lengkar (Litsea angulata), belian (Eusideroxylon zwageri), and kayu kuning (Fibraurea chloroleuca) are considered as native dye plants from West Kalimantan that are important to be conserved.
Keywords: dye plants, ethnobotany, plant inventory, traditional weaving
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji jenis-jenis tumbuhan pewarna alami yang digunakan oleh penenun tradisional Sintang dan Sambas Kalimantan Barat. Kajian meliputi jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai pewarna alami dan keberadaannya di alam sekitar tempat tinggal masyarakat. Para penenun di Kabupaten Sintang dan Sambas sejak dulu telah menggunakan jenis-jenis tumbuhan pewarna alami yang diambil dari hutan di sekitar tempat tinggalnya. Namun degradasi dan konversi lahan hutan menyebabkan keberadaan tumbuhan pewarna alami mulai berkurang. Akibatnya masyarakat mulai sulit mendapatkan tumbuhan pewarna di alam. Selain itu para penenun menggunakan pewarna sintetik karena lebih murah dan praktis. Saat ini kecenderungan kembali ke alam membuat kebutuhan tumbuhan pewarna alami mulai dipertimbangkan kembali. Penggunaan tumbuhan pewarna alami dalam tenun tradisional menambah nilai jual dan keunikannya terutama di pasar internasional. Studi etnobotani dengan wawancara semi-terstruktur dilakukan untuk mengkaji tumbuhan pewarna alami yang digunakan dalam tenun tradisional Sintang dan Sambas untuk menyediakan pewarna alami ramah lingkungan secara berkelanjutan. Responden spesifik dipilih menggunakan teknik Snowball Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penenun Sambas menggunakan 30 jenis tumbuhan sebagai pewarna alami, dan penenun Sintang menggunakan 11 jenis. Secara keseluruhan terdapat 36 jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan untuk tenun tradisional Sintang dan Sambas, lima jenis di antaranya digunakan baik di Sintang maupun Sambas. Indeks Nilai Penting tumbuhan pewarna berkisar antara tinggi sampai rendah. Beberapa jenis tidak ditemukan lagi di sekitar tempat tinggal masyarakat. Engkerebang (Psychotria megacoma), emarek (Symplocos ophirensis), lengkar (Litsea angulata), belian (Eusideroxylon zwageri), dan kayu kuning (Fibraurea chloroleuca) adalah jenis tumbuhan pewarna alami yang penting dan sudah sulit ditemukan sehingga perlu dilakukan konservasi lebih lanjut.
Kata kunci: pewarna alami, etnobotani, inventarisasi tumbuhan, tenun tradisiona
The Potential Utilization of Aromatic Plants in Kembang Kuning Resort, Gunung Rinjani National Park, West Nusa Tenggara
Get PDFGunung Rinjani National Park (TNGR) is nature conservation area located in West Nusa Tenggara. Kembang Kuning Resort is one of the TNGR‘s resorts under Territory Management Section (SPW) II East Lombok which has high potential for biological diversity which one of them is aromatic plants. Aromatic plants are plants that produce essential oils. dentify the diversity of aromatic plant species, and ethnobotany aromatic plants in communities around the area. The methods used are the vegetation analysis, terpenoid phytochemicals test and interviews. The results of the vegetation analysis found 47 species from 28 families of aromatic plants including six widely known species and 41 potential species. The widely known species which are the species that used by the community, have economic value, and there have been many studies related to these species, while potential aromatic plants are plants that have been tested phytochemical and positively have terpenoids but have not had the market value and not widely known by the community. Aromatic plants are used as medicine for both external diseases and internal diseases, religious rituals and beliefs, pesticides, cooking spices, and fragrances. Keywords: aromatic, diversity, ethnobotany, plants, specie
Land Rehabilitation on Post-fire Area with Different Types of Soil in Gunung Mas Regency, Central Kalimantan
Get PDFForest and land fires can cause damage to forest ecosystems. Repeated fires cause the natural succession to be disrupted. Therefore, based on these problems, to improve the productivity of land after fires in Central Kalimantan, rehabilitation efforts needs to be done. This study aims to analyze the growth response of forestry plants in post-fire area with different soil types. This study consisted of six combinations of treatments namely controls (B0C1 and B0C2), treatment of dolomite, biochar, and compost (B1C1 and B1C2), and treatment of dolomite and NPK (B2C1 and B2C2) that planted randomized and rows Trees species were used in this research were Paraserianthes falcataria, Anthocephalus cadamba, Acacia mangium, and Campnosperma auriculata. Soil samples were also collected for analysis of soil physical and chemical properties on laboratory. This study showed that fertilization treatment significantly affected the increase of height and diameter of four trees species, while planting techniques (randomized and rows) did not significantly affected the increase of height and diameter of four trees species. Dolomite, biochar, and compost application significantly affected the increase of height and diameter of four trees species that planted randomized and rows (B1C1 and B1C2) in Podsol soil. Besides that, NPK and dolomite application significantly affected the increase of height and diameter of four trees species planted by randomized and rows (B2C1 and B2C2) in Acrisol soil. The fastest growth rate was A. mangium followed by P. falcataria, A. cadamba, and C. auriculata on Podsol and Acrisol soil. Based on the observations, P. falcataria, A. cadamba, A. mangium, and C. auriculata are recommended to be planted on both types of soil. Keywords: forestry plants, growth respon, Gunung Mas Regency, land rehabilitation, soil type
Hazard Management in Karang Hawu Beach, Sukabumi Distric, West Java: MANAJEMEN BAHAYA DI KAWASAN WISATA PANTAI KARANG HAWU, KABUPATEN SUKABUMI, JAWA BARAT
No full textPantai Karang Hawu (karang yang berbentuk hawu/tungku) merupakan objek wisata unggulan Palabuhan Ratu, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Ciri khas panorama alam karang yang menjorok kelaut ini banyak dikunjungi oleh wisatawan (1,7 juta pengunjung/tahun). Namun sering timbulnya kecelakaan akibat bahaya di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memetakan potensi bahaya serta menyusun rekomendasi manajemen potensi bahaya. Metode yang digunakan yaitu identifikasi yang kemudian dianalisis dan dievaluasi melalui UNEP tahun 2008 dan pemetaan dengan menggunakan aplikasi ArcGis 10.3. Potensi bahaya di kawasan wisata Pantai Karang Hawu terdiri dari potensi bahaya fisik yang di antaranya gelombang laut, arus pantai, pasang surut, tsunami dan gempa, sedangkan potensi bahaya biologi terdiri dari karang, ubur-ubur dan bulu babi. Manajemen bahaya di kawasan tersebut dikelola oleh banyak pihak di antaranya Balawista, institusi pemerintah dan masyarakat sekitar Pantai Karang Hawu, di bawah pengawasan Dinas Kepariwisataan, Kebudayaan dan Olah Raga Kabupaten Sukabumi. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa arus pantai dan gelombang memiliki nilai potensi bahaya yang paling tinggi. Manajemen pengurangan risiko yang disarankan adalah dengan cara menghindari risiko (avoiding risk). Pengembangan manajemen dilakukan secara sosial dan institusi dengan meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai potensi bahaya di kawasan wisata Pantai Karang Hawu. Langkah-langkah teknis yang harus diambil untuk mengurangi risiko termasuk memberikan pertolongan pertama, menggunakan bendera merah untuk menandai daerah berbahaya, meningkatkan kesadaran pengunjung terhadap bahaya, dan menetapkan area yang aman bagi pengunjung.
Kata kunci: kesadaran, bahaya, manajemen bahaya, Pantai Karang Hawu, tindakan teknisKarang Hawu Beach, obtained its name from its furnace-shaped coral, is one of the leading tourist attraction in Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi, West Java. The distinctive natural panorama is having a reefs jutting into the sea,has attracted many visitors, up to 1.7 million of visitors per year. It is related to great tourist attraction but it often couses so many accidents that come from a lot of dangers in this attraction. This research, aimed to analysis and potential hazard mapping and management hazard recommendation. The method used was identification which is then analyzed and evaluated through UNEP (2008) and mapping using the ArcGis 10.3 application. Hazard risk in Karang Hawu Beach consist of phisical hazard such as ocean waves, coastal currents, tides, tsunamis and earthquakes. Biological hazard such as reef, sea urchin, and jellyfish. Hazard management in that area were managed by a lot of stakeholders such as Balawista, government institutions and communities around Karang Hawu Beach, under the supervision of the Tourism Department, Culture and Sports in Sukabumi Regency. The results of the analysis showed that coastal currents and waves have the highest potential hazard. Risk and hazard management were recomended such as avoiding risk. Management development is carried out socially and institutionally by increasing the understanding of potential hazards in the Karang Hawu Beach tourist area. Technical steps that must be taken to reduce risk include providing first aid, using red flags to mark the dangerous areas, increasing visitor awareness of hazards, and establishing safe areas for visitors.
Keywords: awareness, hazard, hazard management, Karang Hawu beach, technical measures
 
Stakeholder Participation of Painted Terrapin Conservation in District Aceh Tamiang
Get PDFPainted Terrapin (Batagur borneoensis Schlegel and Muller 1845) conservation in the coastal area of Aceh Tamiang Regency faces difficulties because it involves many stakeholder. The objective of this study were to analyze stakeholder interest, influences and describe the relationship among stakeholder in the conservation of Batagur borneoensis at Aceh Tamiang District. The study was conducted in Aceh Tamiang District and respondents were selected using purposive sampling method. The data obtained using questionnaire, interview, and direct observation were analyzed with stakeholder clasification matrix, stakeholder interaction matrix and descriptive analysis. The results showed that there are twenty-seven stakeholder involved in the conservation of Batagur borneoensis which can be categorized as subjects, key players, context setters, and crowds. To achieve the management objectives of Batagur borneoensis conservation, stakeholder engagement needs to be improved through collaboration among key players, participation all key stakeholder, and community empowerment. Keywords: Batagur borneoensis, collaboration, conservation, stakeholder analysi
Plant Diversity in Different Land Use Types at The Peat Hidrological Unit (PHU) of Mendahara – Batanghari River, Jambi Province
Get PDFThe characteristics of tropical peatlands are still able to form a high diversity of plants. Conversion of tropical peatlands affects the composition of plants. The aim of this study was to find out effect of land use changes to the composition and diversity of plants in the Peat Hydrological Unit (PHU) Mendahara - Batanghari River. The research was conducted in three land use categories, namely secondary forest, coffee plantation, and oil palm plantation (subdivided into oil palm plantation 1 and oil palm plantation 2). In each study location, sample lane 20 m x 200 m were made. Overall, we found 77 species of plants. The results showed number of plant species decreased due to changes of land use. There are 51 - 53 species of plants in secondary forest areas (out of a total of 58 species) that are not found in oil palm and coffee plantations areas. Differences in composition were also shown in the low value of community similarity (<50%). In the oil palm and coffee plantation areas, plant communities tend to be dominated by pioneer plants such as Melicope lunu-ankenda, Coffea liberica, Macaranga triloba, and Melastoma malabathricum. Secondary forest was dominated by plants species that characterize peatlands such as Tetramerista glabra, Parastemon urophyllus, Knema percoriacea, Litsea costalis var. nidularis and Madhuca motleyana. Changes in land use also reduce the level of diversity (H \u27and R) at various levels of growth. Whereas in the oil palm and coffee plantation areas tend to form uniform stands (indicated through index E which describes the abundance distribution in community and index C which describes the dominance of species). Generally, the distribution pattern of plants is clumped. Uniform distribution was found in K. percoriacea and L. costalis var. nidularis. Keywords: land use changes, peatland characteristics, plant composition, plant diversit
Population Density of Kloss’s Gibbon (Hylobates klossii) at Bojakan Resort, Siberut Island, West Sumatra: KEPADATAN POPULASI BILOU (Hylobates klossii) DI RESORT BOJAKAN, PULAU SIBERUT, SUMATERA BARAT
No full textBilou (Hylobates klossii) merupakan satwa primata endemik Kepulauan Mentawai, Sumatera Barat dan ditetapkan sebagai satwa primata dengan status terancam/genting (endangered) berdasarkan kategori IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) tahun 2008. Saat ini, informasi populasi bilou terbaru di Pulau Siberut belum diketahui secara lengkap dan menyeluruh. Penilaian terhadap populasi dijadikan sebagai landasan dalam menentukan strategi konservasi. Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi populasi bilou yang meliputi distribusi populasi, kepadatan individu, kepadatan kelompok, ukuran kelompok, serta komposisi kelompok. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Resort Bojakan, Taman Nasional Siberut, Pulau Siberut, Kepulauan Mentawai, Sumatera Barat pada bulan November 2018 sampai Januari 2019. Pengamatan dan pengukuran parameter populasi bilou dilakukan dengan metode line transect sampling. Total perjumpaan dengan bilou sebanyak 77 individu dengan jumlah 25 kelompok. Nilai kepadatan individu 12,8 individu/km2, dan kepadatan kelompok 4,2 kelompok/km2. Rerata ukuran kelompok bilou di Resort Bojakan 3,08 individu/kelompok. Keberadaan populasi bilou di Resort Bojakan dipengaruhi akibat adanya gangguan aktivitas manusia. Kepadatan populasi bilou di Resort Bojakan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya di wilayah Pulau Siberut. Persentase kelompok bilou yang memiliki ukuran kelompok lebih dari dua individu lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok dengan jumlah dua individu, yang menandakan kawasan Taman Nasional Siberut terutama di Resort Bojakan mendukung pertumbuhan populasi bilou. Proses regenerasi bilou masih terus berlangsung karena jumlah kelompok yang memiliki minimal satu keturunan atau lebih masih cukup banyak. Pemantauan dan patroli oleh pihak Taman Nasional diperlukan untuk memastikan keberadaan populasi bilou di Resort Bojakan.
Kata kunci: primata endemik, bilou, metode garis transek, monogamiKloss’s gibbon (Hylobates klossii) is endemic primate to the Mentawai Islands of the West Sumatra, and currently categorized as Endangered according to IUCN Red List in 2008. The latest population information on Siberut Island is incomplete and not comprehensive yet. Assessment of population was used as a base in determining the conservation strategies. This study aimed to identify the Kloss’s gibbon population that includes population distribution, individual and group density, group size, and group composition. This research was conducted in Bojakan Resort, Siberut National Park, Siberut Island, Mentawai Islands, West Sumatra. Surveys for primates were carried out between November 2018 and Januari 2019. Following previous primate surveys and general recommendations, this study used line transect sampling. Total Kloss’s gibbon individuals found were 77 individuals with 25 groups. Average individual density was 12,8 individuals km2, group density was 4,2 groups km2, and group size was 3,08 individuals group. Kloss’s gibbon populations was affected by disruption of human activity. Kloss’s gibbon density in Bojakan Resort was higher compared to previous studies on Siberut Island. The percentage of Kloss’s gibbon groups that have a group size of more than two individuals was higher than the group of two individuals, indicating that forests in Bojakan Resort was abble to support the Kloss’s gibbon population. There were many groups that have at least one or more offspring, a good sign that regeneration progress was still ongoing. Monitoring and patrolling by National Park is needed to ensure the existence of the Kloss’s gibbon population in that area.
Keywords: endemic primate, kloss’s gibbon, line transect sampling, monogam
Development Strategy of Maroon Mangrove Edupark in Semarang City, Central Java: STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN MAROON MANGROVE EDUPARK DI KOTA SEMARANG, JAWA TENGAH
No full textMaroon Mangrove Edupark (MMEP) adalah salah satu hutan mangrove yang paling banyak dikunjungi masyarakat Semarang. Tempat tersebut berlokasi dekat dengan Pantai Maroon dan Bandara Internasional Ahmad Yani. MMEP tergolong wisata baru di Semarang yang diharapkan dapat memberikan nilai ekonomi bagi masyarakat sekitar. Keuntungan ekonomi yang didapatkan pengunjung dan pengelola dapat diketahui melalui valuasi ekonomi. Strategi pengembangan diperlukan guna menjaga keberadaan dan dapat mendatangkan keuntungan ekonomi yang besar di masa depan. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis strategi mempertahankan keberadaan MMEP yang berkelanjutan. Valuasi ekonomi serta evaluasi faktor internal dan eksternal dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam mengelola dan mengembangkan MMEP. Komponen valuasi ekonomi yang ditentukan adalah total nilai ekonomi dan harga tiket masuk wisata. Metode Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM) digunakan untuk menganalisis nilai ekonomi dari MMEP. Nilai ekonomi total aktual MMEP adalah Rp 421.169.436,00. Potensi wisata yang dimanfaatkan baru sebesar 36,83% dari nilai ekonomi total. Nilai tersebut dapat ditingkatkan dengan meningkatkan biaya yang diterima langsung MMEP dari biaya perjalanan yang dikeluarkan responden. Nilai WTP (Willingness To Pay) yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam penetapan biaya tiket masuk wisatawan di objek wisata MMEP adalah Rp 9.000,00. Kondisi pengelolaan MMEP berada pada kuadran III. Langkah yang sebaiknya diambil untuk mengembangkan MMEP adalah menggunakan strategi konservatif Weakness-Opportunity (WO), yaitu dengan menekan kelemahan dan melakukan tindakan yang dapat memperbesar peluang.
Kata kunci: valuasi ekonomi, strategi konservatif, individual travel cost method, mangrove, analisis SWOTMaroon Mangrove Edupark (MMEP) is one of the most visited mangrove forests in Semarang. It is located close to Maroon beach and Ahmad Yani International Airport. MMEP was classified as a new tourism site that expected to provide an economic value for local community. Economic benefits that was obtained by visitors and manager can be known through economic valuation. Development strategy is needed to maintain its existence and bring a great economic benefit in the future. The primary aim of this study was to analyze MMEP’s sustainable preserve strategies. Economic valuation as well as internal and external factors evaluation can be used as a reference in managing and developing MMEP. Components of economic valuation were total economic value and price of tourist entrance ticket. Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM) was used to analyze the economic value of MMEP. Total economic value of MMEP was IDR 421.169.436. The tourism potential that has been utilized was only 36.83% of the total economic value. The value can be increased by increasing MMEP\u27s received costs directly from the travel cost incurred by respondents. Willingness To Pay (WTP) value that can be used as a reference in determining a tourist entrance fee at MMEP was IDR 9.000. The condition of MMEP management was in quadrant III. The step should be taken to develop MMEP is the Weakness-Opportunity (WO) conservative strategy, which is strategy to minimize the weaknesses and to maximize the opportunities.
Keywords: economic valuation, individual travel cost method, SWOT analysis, conservatif strategy, mangrov
Community Participation in Ecotourism Development Ir H Djuanda Forest Park
Get PDFThe existence of the Djuanda Forest Park near the urban area indirectly indicates that the area is close to the city community. The attitude of city people who tend to have an attitude of being able to take care of themselves without having to depend on others is feared to enter the surrounding communities and subsequently influence the development of Djuanda Tahura ecotourism. The research objective was to measure public perceptions of ecotourism and ecotourism objects in the Djuanda Forest Park, measuring community participation in the development of ecotourism in Djuanda Forest Park, and developing a strategy for increasing community participation in developing ecotourism in Djuanda Forest Park. The method used is observation, questionnaire, interview, and literature study. Communities strongly agree that ecotourism must meet indicators of community involvement, ecology, conservation, culture, education, and visitor satisfaction. The community considers that the Djuanda Tahura has beautiful ecotourism objects (highest average score = 4.61). The community values both ecotourism and the object of ecotourism because the community has a sense of care and sense of belonging to the Djuanda Tahura as an area that can provide benefits, both in ecological, social and economic aspects. However, community participation in ecotourism development is only in the implementation and acceptance of benefits and has participation in the form of personnel and expertise. Based on people\u27s perceptions and participation, the community is at the lowest level of participation, so an SO strategy is needed, namely by utilizing all the strengths to make the most of opportunities. Keywords: Forest Park Ir H Djuanda, participation, perception, society, strategy
The Economic Value of Urban Forest In Jakarta (Case Study Srengseng Urban Forest West Jakarta)
Get PDFThe city of Jakarta has many environmental problems, among others it requires the existence of urban forests could ameliorate micro climate. Air temperature and humidity as part of the microclimate element affect the level of comfort that will ultimately affect quality the society. It is necessary to quantitatively calculate the economic value of the urban forests so that its existence is considered need for the city. This study firstly aims to analyze the perception of visitors and communities on the benefits of urban forests, secondly to analyze the microclimate of urban forest, and thirdly to estimate the economic value of urban forest in Jakarta. The research was conducted in Srengseng Urban Forest, West Jakarta. The research data was collected during November 2016-February 2017. The result showed that visitor and comunities perception of the benefit of urban forests are positive. Urban forests are able to ameliorate microclimate which is characterized by air temperatures in urban forest is lower than outside, and air humidity in urban forests is higher than outside so that the Temperature Humadity index (THI) value inside urban forests are lower than outside. Although quantitatively through the urban forest THI value it falls into the uncomfortable category (THI>28) but qualitatively by perception visitors and communities that urban forests is comfort. Total WTPs from urban forest visitors and communities around the urban forest were Rp 743,743,040/year per hectare with periode contribution per visit and Rp 264,311,067year per hectare with periode contribution per month. Keywords: economic value, Jakarta City, urban forest, willingness to pa