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Stand structure and biomass estimation for cultivation of Agarwood-producing species on Buru Island, Maluku Province, Indonesia
Get PDFAgarwood is a resin product of agarwood-producing species belonging to the Thymelaeaceae family. This product is categorized as a non-timber forest product and has high value. Species of Aquilaria filaria (Oken) Merr. and Aquilaria cumingiana (Decne.) Ridl. are two agarwood-producing species known to grow natively in the Maluku region. This research aims to observe the stand structure and biomass estimation in several Aquilaria sp. cultivation gardens on Buru Island. Five observation plots with sizes 20 x 20 m have been created in three villages on Buru Island. Standard vegetation analysis, principal component analysis, and simulation of aboveground biomass using bootstrap techniques have already been done. Aquilaria sp. is the most important species in the observed community based on the important value index and cos2 value from principal component analysis. The diversity index shows the medium category with mostly stable conditions based on the evenness index. While the biomass estimation shows an average value of 600.50 kg ha-1 with a standard error 273.26 kg ha-1
The Abundance of Leptophryne javanica in the Streams of Mount Ciremai National Park
Get PDFLeptophryne javanica is a frog in West Java and Central Java. Threats to the presence of L. javanica in nature include volcanic activity and chytrid fungi. The population of L. javanica is not known for certain. This study aims to estimate the abundance of L. javanica in several streams of Mount Ciremai National Park and describe the habitat of this species. This research was conducted in Cisurian Waterfall, Cilutung Waterfall, Ciinjuk Spring, and Cilengkrang Waterfall using visual encounter methods combined with sampling transect. L. javanica was found mostly in Ciinjuk Springs with an abundance of 2.50 ± 3.09 ind /10 m. More males were found than females, except in the Cisurian Waterfall. The body size and weight of the females were larger than the males. The microhabitat of Ciinjuk Spring had an average of river currents of 0.34 m/s, river width of 0.8–1.2 m, river depth of 1.0–3.4 cm, and canopy density ranging from 54.17–100%. In addition to the spring, the waterfall was also a preferred habitat by L. javanica. Further research is needed in other waterfalls and rivers with microhabitat characteristics similar to Ciinjuk Spring
Habitat and Food of Vampire Crabs (Geosesarma sp.) in Menoreh Mountain, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Get PDFVampire crabs (Geoseserma sp.) are freshwater crabs that inhabit humid tropical forest ecosystems, such as the Menoreh Mountain. These crabs play an important role in the ecosystem as detrivores and a food source for other organisms. However, resesearch on their feeding habitat is still limited, leaving gaps in knowledge regarding their dietary preferences and ecological role. Understanding their feeding patterns is essential to support sustainable aquaculture and environmental conservation. The research focused on the feeding habits and food preferences of vampire crabs (Geosesarma sp.) in a humid, forested ecosystem. The study was conducted in the Menoreh Mountain region, which provides a unique habitat for these crabs. Understanding their feeding habits in this natural habitat is essential for promoting sustainable aquaculture practices, where environmental conservation is a priority. This research aimed to analyze vampire crabs’ food and feeding habits (Geosesarma sp.) in their natural habitat to support sustainable aquaculture on the Menoreh mountain slopes. The study employed frequency of occurrence analysis, volumetric analysis, and the Index of Preponderance. Sex ratio analysis and assessments of habitat conditions, including substrate texture and organic content, were conducted. The substrate consisted of sandy clay with an organic content ranging from 8.59% to 37.88%. Vampire crabs were identified as omnivores with a tendency towards herbivory, primarily consuming debris (93.47%), wood (2.75%), worms (1.92%), and leaves (1.86%). Debris was the main food source, supplemented by wood and leaf litter, with worms as an occasional food source. The findings highlighted the crabs\u27 dietary adaptability and provided insights for future sustainable captive breeding efforts
The Participation Level of The Local Community towards Community-Based Tourism Development in Sopapei Tourism Destination, Ambon, Indonesia
Get PDFCommunity-based tourism is owned and managed by the community and intended to deliver wider community livelihood benefits. Sopapei Beach is one of the tourist destination spots in Ambon, and it is visited mostly by local tourists. This area has six tourism spots, all managed by individual local communities. This study aimed to investigate the potency of developing community-based tourism in this area. The study was conducted between July – September 2023. Descriptive statistical analysis was used in this study. An interview, field observation, and literature review were used to obtain information on tourism activity and mechanisms in Sopapei Beach. A purposive sampling method was used to collect the informant to be interviewed. The SWOT analysis was used to develop strategy management for community-based tourism (CBT) development possibilities. The result shows that most informants claim that Sopapei is an attractive tourist spot with a fascinating marine view, a friendly atmosphere, a nice beach, and attractive culinary dishes. There was a small probability of conflict potency between the local tourism owners. The CBT management approach was a possibility to reduce the conflict potency. Participatory of the local community in the local community in tourism was considered fair. SWOT analysis proposes 13 management strategies for developing CBT in Sopapei Beach
The Phytosociology of Tree Communities on Two Mounts in Bedugul Highland Tropical Forest, Bali, Indonesia
Get PDFThe forested regions within the Bedugul highland stand as some of the last remaining tropical mountain rainforests in Bali. However, recent development in Bedugul indicates a surge in mass tourism, posing a threat to its diverse plant life due to increased land-use changes and overpopulation. Hence, this research aimed to ascertain the composition and diversity of tree communities within the Bedugul highland forest, focusing on Mt. Pohen and Mt. Tapak. While Mt. Pohen has a history of disturbances like the establishment of a geothermal power plant and forest fires, Mt. Tapak experiences comparatively less disruption. The methods include species identification, the diversity index calculation, the species composition and abundance, and the similarity analysis between permanent sample plot (PSP) from Mt. Pohen and PSP from Mt. Tapak. The result shows a clear separation in tree species composition and abundance between both PSPs. Some species are only detected at Tapak but absent at Pohen or vice versa. However, Euphorbiaceae is the dominating family in both mounts, as the species are known as pioneer plants that benefit in growth and adaptation to the highland habitat after disturbance. The most abundant species in a one-hectare plot on Mt. Pohen are Crypteronia paniculata and Acronychia trifoliata. While on Mt. Tapak, it appears to be Dendrochnide stimulans. Both mounts are occupied mainly by tree groups with diameters ranging from 10 to 20 cm
First Analysis of the Rehabilitation and Release Facilities for Javan Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) in Indonesia
Get PDFThe Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924), an endangered bird endemic to Java island, faces significant extinction risks due to habitat loss and illegal hunting. To address this, the Javan Hawk-eagle Sanctuary Center (JHESC) was established within Mount Halimun Salak National Park, Bogor Regency, West Java, Indonesia, to support in-situ and ex-situ conservation efforts, focusing on rehabilitation and release. This study observed rehabilitation practices at the centre from April 2022 to March 2023, particularly the adequacy of its facilities and infrastructure regarding cage, feed, and health management. These aspects are essential for rehabilitation success. Based on observations, nine cage types were employed and tailored to specific rehabilitation stages: acceptance, treatment, isolation, pre-training, training, habituation, education, translocation, and hard release. These cages were designed with varying sizes and numbers to fulfil the needs of each stage. The centre\u27s feeding management was supported by a well-organized storage system that maintained feed quality through proper air circulation and cleanliness. The centre consistently supplied three primary feeds: mice (Mus musculus), rats (Rattus norvegicus), and marmots (Cavia porcellus). Comprehensive infrastructure facilitated health management, including an animal clinic, isolation and treatment rooms, an operating room, an examination room, and a laboratory. Additionally, the veterinary medicines were accessible and staffed by qualified veterinarians to ensure the eagles were healthy from arrival to release. These robust facilities and practices can position the centre as a leading example for ex-situ conservation, prioritizing animal welfare while rehabilitating and releasing Javan hawk-eagles, with expectations of further enhancing eagle conservation efforts
Role of Stakeholders’ Knowledge in Designing Successful Interpretation Services in Conserving Natural Resources
Get PDFThe goals of interpretation activities can be achieved if interpretation service planning is carried out correctly. The planning process could succeed if the planner has adequate knowledge and understanding of interpretation services. Knowledge and understanding are crucial to determining what to do. This research aims to measure the knowledge and understanding of tourism managers and organizers, as well as their interpretations of important aspects of interpretation, including interpretation resources, visitors\u27 characteristics, and interpretation techniques. The research method used is qualitative. Data were collected through structured interviews with 15 informants (managers and organizers of interpretation activities). The interviews reveal that the managers and implementers of tourism activities and/or interpretations already possess a good knowledge and understanding of the interpretation resources available in the area, particularly regarding their tangible and intangible values. However, they still need to understand the universal concept of these resources. Additionally, all informants still need to gain more knowledge and understanding of the characteristics and backgrounds of visitors, as well as interpretation techniques. Only 80% of informants were aware of interpretation pathways, and 60% were aware of interpretation programs. This limited knowledge and understanding are assumed to be one of the inhibiting factors in the formulation of a good interpretation service. Ultimately, it becomes an inhibiting factor in creating public awareness regarding preserving natural resources. This research highlights the need to enhance the knowledge and understanding of interpretation stakeholders regarding the key aspects required for planning interpretation services through training, workshops, or formal education.
Monitoring of Post-fire Vegetation Succession on Peatland in Bengkalis Island, Riau Province
Get PDFPeatlands are characterized by the accumulation of decomposed plant remains, which result in an organic carbon content of approximately 16 percent and form a layer at least 40 cm thick. Peat ecosystems play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity conservation, maintaining water availability, and regulating the climate. However, human activities threaten these functions, especially during the dry season, which often leads to extensive fires. Post-fire succession is a natural process through which the land attempts to restore its original state. Monitoring succession after peatland fires can be conducted using satellite-based remote sensing technology, which provides spatiotemporal information. This study utilized a time series of three Landsat satellites, namely Landsat 5 (TM), Landsat 8 (OLI), and Landsat 9 (OLI2), to monitor succession in burnt peat areas on Bengkalis Island from 2000 onward. Additionally, hotspot data from FIRMS NASA and MODIS were incorporated. The results showed a total of 3,689 hotspots recorded between 2005 and 2023. The confirmed land cover types in the succession area include swamps, water bodies, and oil palm plantations. The information from this research is expected to inform policymaking by the government or peatland area managers, and serve as a reference for further studies
Estimation of Sustainable Harvest Quota and Financial Analysis of Rusa timorensis in Intensive Captive Breeding
Get PDFCaptive breeding of Rusa timorensis is one of the conservation efforts aimed at maintaining a balance between conservation and sustainable utilization. To effectively manage this balance, it is crucial to establish a utilization level that does not compromise the population\u27s viability, which requires a thorough understanding of its demographic parameters. Furthermore, the sustainability of the breeding program itself is contingent upon its financial feasibility. This study aims to estimate demographic parameters, determine sustainable harvest quotas, and assess the financial feasibility of deer breeding in the Dramaga Research Forest, Indonesia. Methods included logbook analysis, observation, literature review, and interviews. Results show that the sustainable harvest quota under the intensive breeding system is 10 Rusa timorensis over the 2019–2023 period. The financial analysis demonstrates strong economic viability, with a Net Present Value of IDR 643 million at a 10% discount rate. The project demonstrated a Benefit-Cost Ratio exceeding 1, an Internal Rate of Return reaching 54%, and a rapid Payback Period of only 1.68 years. These findings suggest that intensive breeding can support both conservation objectives and economic profitability. Efficient management remains essential to ensure population sustainability and optimize benefits.
The Economic Value of Carbon Stocks in PT Hutan Mulya Central Kalimantan
Get PDFThis study aims to determine how much carbon stock is stored in logged-over areas by comparing carbon stock in virgin forests. Calculate potential biomass, carbon, carbon dioxide uptake, and economic value of CO2eq uptake in the Logged area of PT Hutan Mulya using purposive sampling data collection techniques for each plot and non-destructive methods through allometric equations. The highest carbon stock potential is in the tree-level diameter class and the location with the highest carbon stock is in the virgin forest area. Meanwhile, the logged area based on the company\u27s establishment from 2011–2022 covering an area of 14,583 ha has a carbon stock potential of 772,537 tons C to the carbon dioxide storage value of 2,835,210.57 tons CO2eq. Based on the assumed price of USD 4.5, the potential economic value of carbon obtained by the government through carbon sales tax is IDR 85,056,317,100. The net profit obtained by the company is IDR 109,494,570,499.42. In contrast, the potential net economic value of the carbon business project scenario results in a combined logged area and virgin forest area of IDR 160,960,838,842.31 for the company and IDR 125,035,753,500 for the government