JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN
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UJI FITOKIMIA, TOKSISITAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI dari EKSTRAK BERBAGAI FRAKSI DAUN MAHANG (Macarang apruinosa (Miq.) Mull. Arg.) terhadap BAKTERI Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus
Get PDFPhytochemical, toxicity and antibacterial activity tests of total extract, fractions of n-heksana, ethyl acetate and ethanol-water from mahang leaf (Macaranga pruinosa (M.) M. A.) from KRUS (Kebun Raya Unmul Samarinda), East Kalimantan has been carried out. Based on the secondary metabolites phytochemical test of the (Macaranga pruinosa (M.) M. A.) leaf show that total extract is contain alkaloid and steroid. n-hexane fraction is contain alkaloid and steroid. Ethyl acetate fraction is contain steroid. Ethanol-water fraction is contain alkaloid and phenolic. Brine shrimp lethality test values obtained Lethal Concentration 50 % (LC50) total extract 27,5036 ppm , n-heksana fraction 12,0773 ppm, ethyl acetate fraction 23719,2305 ppm and ethanol-water fraction 250,0384 ppm. Antibacteria activity test of extracts for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (positive Gram) and Escherichia coli (negative Gram) minimum inhibitor consentration of 0-1 % (b/v) from extract fractions of n-heksana and fractions ethyl acetate for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and fractions ethyl acetate for Escherichia coli bacteria.Keywords (Macaranga pruinosa (M.) M. A.), phytochemical test, Antibacteria activity test, LC 50
DETEKSI DOPAMIN SECARA VOLTAMETRI MENGGUNAKAN ELEKTRODA PASTA KARBON TERMODIFIKASI ETER MAHKOTA (DIBENZO-18-CROWN-6)
Get PDFThe research about the detection of dopamine by voltammetry method using crown ether modified carbon paste electrode has been carried out. The aims of this research are to investigate the influence of pH and the composition of modifier to the sensitivity and limit of detection for dopamine analysis. The measurement was conducted by differential pulse voltammetry method.The optimum of pH and modifier (crown ether) composition in the detection of dopamine are 4,0 and 0.8%, respectively. The linear concentration range is obtained from 10 to 200 µM, linear regression equation y = 4,968 + 0,068x with R2 = 0,9988 and limit of detection 6,865 x 10-6 M. The modified carbon paste electrode has relative standard deviation smaller than Horwitz’s (1,28%<5,66%), therefore this electrode has a good reproducibility. The recovery using crown ether-modified carbon paste electrode is 99,0% showing a good accuration. The measurement of commercial samples contain dopamine HCl (Giulini and Proinfark injection) is 87,0% and 91,5% compared with the composition on the labelThe research about the detection of dopamine by voltammetry method using crown ether modified carbon paste electrode has been carried out. The aims of this research are to investigate the influence of pH and the composition of modifier to the sensitivity and limit of detection for dopamine analysis. The measurement was conducted by differential pulse voltammetry method.The optimum of pH and modifier (crown ether) composition in the detection of dopamine are 4,0 and 0.8%, respectively. The linear concentration range is obtained from 10 to 200 μM, linear regression equation y = 4,968 + 0,068x with R2 = 0,9988 and limit of detection 6,865 x 10-6 M. The modified carbon paste electrode has relative standard deviation smaller than Horwitz’s (1,28%<5,66%), therefore this electrode has a good reproducibility. The recovery using crown ether-modified carbon paste electrode is 99,0% showing a good accuration. The measurement of commercial samples contain dopamine HCl (Giulini and Proinfark injection) is 87,0% and 91,5% compared with the composition on the label
 
ANALISA Pb 2+ PADA LOBSTER (Panulirus sp) DENGAN METODE ADISI STANDAR SPEKTROFOTOMETER UV-VIS MENGGUNAKAN PENGOMPLEKS DITIZON
Get PDFTelah dilakukan penelitian tentang analisa Pb(II) pada lobster (Panulirus sp) dengan metode adisi standar spektrofotometer UV-Vis menggunakan pengompleks ditizon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar ion logam Pb(II) pada lobster (Panulirus sp) dengan metode adisi standar menggunakan pengompleks ditizon. Analisa kadar ion.logam Pb(II) dengan pengompleks ditizon menggunakan spektrofotometer uv-vis sebelum menggunakan metode adisi standar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar ion logam Pb(II) sebesar 0,215 ppm sedangkan pada penelitian menggunakan metode adisi standar kadar Pb(II) sebesar 1,210 ppm.Kata Kunci: Lobster, Adisi Standar, Ditizon, Ion logam Pb(II)
UJI TOKSISITAS (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) dan UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAUN KEMBANG BULAN (Tithonia diversifolia A. Gray) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
Get PDFPhytochemical, toxicity tests (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) and the antibacterial activity of kembang bulan leaf (Tithonia diversifolia A. Gray). Phytochemical test results of secondary metabolites kembang bulan leaf (Tithonia diversifolia A. Gray) show that the ethanol extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic and saponins. N-hexane fraction containing alkaloids and steroids. Ethyl acetate fraction contain flavonoids and steroids. Shrimp larvae toxicity test values obtained Lethal Concentration 50% (LC 50 ) at 383.5660 ppm ethanol extract, fractions 325.1583 ppm n-hexane and ethyl acetate fraction 196.3755 ppm. Test antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative) indicates that the most active fraction was ethanol extract the value of minimum inhibitory 1-2% (w / v) where the clear zone diameter of 8.5 to 9, 75 mm in the bacterium Escherichia coli and from 7.5 to 9.75 mm in Staphylococcus aureus.
UJI FITOKIMIA, TOKSISITAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK BERBAGAI FRAKSI DAUN MARA (Macaranga tanarius (L.) M.A) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
Get PDFoai:ojs.jurnal.kimia.fmipa.unmul.ac.id:article/1Phytochemical, toxicity and antibacterial activity tests of total extract, fractions of n-heksana, ethyl acetate and ethanol-water from mara leaf (Macaranga tanarius (L.) M.A) from Samboja, East Kalimantan has been carried out. Based on the secondary metabolites phytochemical test of the (Macaranga tanarius (L.) M.A) leaf show that total extract is contain alkaloid, flavonoid, phenolic and steroid. n-hexane fraction is contain alkaloid, flavonoid and steroid. Ethyl acetate fraction is contain phenolic and triterpenoid. Ethanol-water fraction is contain alkaloid and phenolic. Brine shrimp lethality test values obtained Lethal Concentration 50 % (LC50) total extract 23.99 ppm , n-heksana fraction 13,93 ppm, ethyl acetate fraction 468,25 ppm and ethanol-water fraction 283,67 ppm. Antibacteria activity test of extracts for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (positive Gram) and Escherichia coli (negative Gram) was carried out by paper disc method. The test showed that the most active were ethyl acetate fraction with minimum inhibitor consentration of 0,125- 0,5 % (b/v) which clear zone diameter was 7,25 mm on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and 6,25 mm on Escherichia coli bacteria.Phytochemical, toxicity and antibacterial activity tests of total extract, fractions of n-heksana, ethyl acetate and ethanol-water from mara leaf (Macaranga tanarius (L.) M.A) from Samboja, East Kalimantan has been carried out. Based on the secondary metabolites phytochemical test of the (Macaranga tanarius (L.) M.A) leaf show that total extract is contain alkaloid, flavonoid, phenolic and steroid. n-hexane fraction is contain alkaloid, flavonoid and steroid. Ethyl acetate fraction is contain phenolic and triterpenoid. Ethanol-water fraction is contain alkaloid and phenolic. Brine shrimp lethality test values obtained Lethal Concentration 50 % (LC50) total extract 23.99 ppm , n-heksana fraction 13,93 ppm, ethyl acetate fraction 468,25 ppm and ethanol-water fraction 283,67 ppm. Antibacteria activity test of extracts for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (positive Gram) and Escherichia coli (negative Gram) was carried out by paper disc method. The test showed that the most active were ethyl acetate fraction with minimum inhibitor consentration of 0,125- 0,5 % (b/v) which clear zone diameter was 7,25 mm on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and 6,25 mm on Escherichia coli bacteria
PENGGUNAAN INTERNAL STANDAR NITROBENZENA UNTUK PENENTUAN KUANTITATIF BTEX DALAM KONDENSAT GAS ALAM DENGAN KROMATOGRAFI GAS
Get PDFThis research has been carried out the selection of three types of compounds to be used as an Internal Standard (ISTD) on the quantitative determination of BTEX in the natural gas condensate, they are pyridine and nitrobenzene marpholine that have the similar chemical compound with the analyte (aromatic hydrocarbons). The ISTD selection is done by mixing ISTD with natural gas condensate samples into the solvent carbon disulfide (CS 2 ), and then 1μl injected into the Gas Chromatography (GC) to know the column elution or separation of the mixture. From the results of research that have been conducted on three types compounds, it was found that pyridine can not be used as ISTD because it can not be eluted, as well marpholine CS 2 reacts rapidly with solvent to form a white solid before it is injected. While nitrobenzene mixtures eluted at a retention time of + 76.953 min after o-xylene. Next step is preparation ISTD nitrobenzene, BTEX standard solution and sample into the solvent CS2, based on the dilution of wight base usinganalytical balance, to obtain a concentration of ISTD in the same amount that is 4 g/g on BTEX standard solution and the sample. BTEX standard solution prepared with 6 variations concentrations of K 1 to K 6 that reflect the concentration of BTEX in the sample. From BTEX standard solution K1 to K6, all of them are injected into the gas chromatograph, then it is made the multi-level calibration curve by comparing the area ratios of analyte/ISTD vs concentration ratio of analyte/ISTD. The Quantitative determination of BTEX in the natural gas condensate is done by interpolating the regression equation obtained from the multi level calibration curve linearity for each aromatic BTEX compounds. The correlation coefficient (r) is obtained varies the 0.9993 to 0.9997. Other parameters such as precision and accuracy were also evaluated. So from this study is obtained BTEX concentrations in natural gas condensate with the ISTD nitrobenzene. They are Benzene is 3.0605 % wt; Toluene is 7.0053 % wt; Ethylbenzene is 0.8568 % wt, and ortho-meta-para-Xylenes are 2.8873 % wt; 0.8704 % wt ; 0.8026% wt.Keywords : ISTD, nitrobenzene, pyridine, marpholine, CS2, preparation, natural gas condensate, BTEX, gaschromatography
ANALISIS AMONIAK TERLARUT PADA TANAMAN LAMUN (Thalassia testudinum) DALAM MEDIA AIR
Get PDFA research about the analysis of dissolved ammonia in seagraas plants (Thalassia testudinum) at water’s media has been carried out. A research aimed to determined the ammonia concentration in the water’s seagrass plants, and also the effect of ammonia variations concentration at the growth water media after planting for 1, 2, 3 dan 4 weeks, and determined the ability of seagrass to absorb dissolved ammonia. Water as its plant media was placed in to 4 cups that have been added dissolved ammonia as 0, 3, 5 dan 7 mg/L respectively. The concentration of dissolved ammonia from water and seagrass samples were measured by phenate method using a visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 650 nm. The result showed that during the planting of four weeks the concentration of dissolved ammonia in the water as its plant media decreased while the concentration of dissolved ammonia in seagrass planst increased. The results of the first week, concentration of dissolved ammonia at growth water’s media, respectively for 9,0234 mg/L; 12,5562 mg/L; 14,5293 mg/L and 16,9269 mg/L. After the fourth week, the concentration of dissolved ammonia decreased as 4,0520 mg/L; 7,3479 mg/L; 8,2848 mg/L and 8,4061 mg/LA research about the analysis of dissolved ammonia in seagraas plants (Thalassia testudinum) at water’s media has been carried out. A research aimed to determined the ammonia concentration in the water’s seagrass plants, and also the effect of ammonia variations concentration at the growth water media after planting for 1, 2, 3 dan 4 weeks, and determined the ability of seagrass to absorb dissolved ammonia. Water as its plant media was placed in to 4 cups that have been added dissolved ammonia as 0, 3, 5 dan 7 mg/L respectively. The concentration of dissolved ammonia from water and seagrass samples were measured by phenate method using a visible spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 650 nm. The result showed that during the planting of four weeks the concentration of dissolved ammonia in the water as its plant media decreased while the concentration of dissolved ammonia in seagrass planst increased. The results of the first week, concentration of dissolved ammonia at growth water’s media, respectively for 9,0234 mg/L; 12,5562 mg/L; 14,5293 mg/L and 16,9269 mg/L. After the fourth week, the concentration of dissolved ammonia decreased as 4,0520 mg/L; 7,3479 mg/L; 8,2848 mg/L and 8,4061 mg/L
 
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA FLAVONOID DARI DAUN TUMBUHAN KEREHAU (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.)
Get PDFThe flavonoid had been isolated from ethyl acetate extract of Kerehau leaf (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.). Extraction was done by maceration and fraction method. Isolation of pure compound was done by chromatographic flash coloumn. The resulted of isolated flavonoid was yellow greeness powder and 174-178°C melting point. Based on data IR can be conclude that isolated compound is flavonol group. Effect of toxicity from isolate identified with presentage of prawn larva (BSLT method) and counted by probit analysis (LC 50 ). The results of this test showed that the the isolate was very toxic with LC 50 value of 26,8824 ppm.
Keywords: Kerehau (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.), Isolation, Flavonoid, BSL
UJI FITOKIMIA, TOKSISITAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN RAMBUSA (Passiflora foetida L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli
Get PDFPhytochemical tests were conducted, brine shrimp lethality test / BSLT and antibacterial activity test of the coarse extract and fractions from the Rambusa leaves (Passiflora foetida L.) derived from Samarinda, East Kalimantan. Rambusa leaf samples (Passifloa foetida L.) was extracted by ethanol, then concentrated using rotary evaporator. Then fractionated by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvent. According the test results, phytochemical compounds of secondary metabolites has contained alkaloids and steroidal compounds, triterpenoids. Within the antibacterial activity test using Staphylococcus aureus (Positive gram) and Escherichia coli (Negative Gram) using the discs method. This test using concentration in 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% resulted that the most active fraction is the fraction of n-hexane with minimum inhibitory rate was 1% and brine shrimp lethality test within concentration in 1000; 500; 250; 125; 62.5; 31.25; 15.625; 7,8125 ppm showing larval lethality of Artemia salina (L.) using SAS probit analysis to determine the value of Lethal Concentration 50% (LC 50 ). This test resulted that the most active fraction is the fraction of n-hexane with 133.7473 ppm of LC 50 values .Keywords : Passiflora foetida L. , phytochemical test , test antibacterial activity , bacterial and LC 5
MODIFIKASI RESIN Ca-ALGINAT DENGAN ABU JERAMI PADI SEBAGAI MATERIAL PENGISI KOLOM PADA TAHAPAN PRAKONSENTRASI ANALISA ION Mn (II) SECARA OFF- LINE
Get PDFThe modification of resin Ca - Alginate with rice straw ash as a column filler material for preconcentration step of Mn(II) ion. Has been done Preconcentration method was used by off-line method, water samples were passed through the column and eluted with 0.1 M H2SO4. The eluate was taken and detected by using Spectrophotometer UV-Visible. Optimum composition of modified resin Rice straw ash - Ca - Alginat were at 1% Na - Alginate, 0.1 M CaCl2, and 0.5 g rice straw ash. The result of research shown the optimum condition of retention capacity ion Mn(II) was 0.08211 mg Mn / gr resin. The best sorption at pH 2, and optimum condition of eluent concentration 0.1 M H2SO4, sample volume 12 mL and eluent volume was 5 mL. The analytical performance of this method was good for determination of ion Mn(II) that could be evaluated by limit of detection about 0.7727 mg/L with the reproducibility level shown by the precentage of the coefficient variance was 1.179 %. This method could be applicated to determine ion Mn(II) at the natural water samples from Mahakam river with a recovery percentage of > 95 %, used spike method that shown this resin is good to using at preconcentration stage determination of ion Mn(II).The modification of resin Ca - Alginate with rice straw ash as a column filler material for preconcentration step of Mn(II) ion. Has been done Preconcentration method was used by off-line method, water samples were passed through the column and eluted with 0.1 M H2SO4. The eluate was taken and detected by using Spectrophotometer UV-Visible. Optimum composition of modified resin Rice straw ash - Ca - Alginat were at 1% Na - Alginate, 0.1 M CaCl2, and 0.5 g rice straw ash. The result of research shown the optimum condition of retention capacity ion Mn(II) was 0.08211 mg Mn / gr resin. The best sorption at pH 2, and optimum condition of eluent concentration 0.1 M H2SO4, sample volume 12 mL and eluent volume was 5 mL. The analytical performance of this method was good for determination of ion Mn(II) that could be evaluated by limit of detection about 0.7727 mg/L with the reproducibility level shown by the precentage of the coefficient variance was 1.179 %. This method could be applicated to determine ion Mn(II) at the natural water samples from Mahakam river with a recovery percentage of > 95 %, used spike method that shown this resin is good to using at preconcentration stage determination of ion Mn(II)