JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN
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PREDIKSI PUNCAK KEMATANGAN BUAH NAGA MELALUI PENGUKURAN GULA REDUKSI DENGAN METODE NELSON-SOMOGYI
No full textPrediction of dragon fruit maturation peak by measuring reductor sugar with nelson-somogyi method have been done. Prediction was done by using three modes which are experimental result, regression model and first derivation. Age of the fruit which used in this research were 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks old. Based on the result of this research can be concluded that maturation peak of dragon fruit happens at between 5 until 6 weeks old.Keywords: Dragon Fruit, Reductor Sugar and Nelson-Somogyi Method
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Senyawa Kimia dari Ekstrak n-heksan Batang Benalu Tanaman Jeruk (Dendrophtoe pentandra (L.) Miq.)
Full text linkTelah dilakukan penelitian isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa kimia dari ekstrak n-heksan batang benalu tanaman jeruk (Dendrophtoe pentandra (L.) Miq.). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, etanol dan air, uji fitokimia, uji mortalitas larva udang dengan metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) serta isolasi dengan kromatografi kolom dan identifikasi dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) dan Kromatografi Gas – Spektrometri Massa (KG-SM). Dari hasil uji mortalitas larva udang didapatkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksan adalah ekstrak yang paling aktif kemudian dilanjutkan pada proses isolasi dan diperoleh isolat n-heksan 3.2 yang memiliki nilai toksisitas (LC50) sebesar 92,197 ppm. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan spektrofotometer FT-IR dan KG-SM senyawa kimia yang diduga terdapat dalam ekstrak n-heksan batang benalu tanaman jeruk (Dendrophtoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) adalah senyawa Stigmasterol
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KIAMBANG (Salvinia molesta) UNTUK MENURUNKAN KONSENTRASI ION LOGAM Cu (II) PADA MEDIA TUMBUH AIR
Full text linkThis research was purposed to know about the water lettuce (Salvinia molesta) absorption ability for metal Cu (II) ion and the influence of plant sum variation and its contact time. The simulation is done by planting the water lettuce (Salvinia molesta) at water media as a growing place which prepared in 5 place that each be volumed by 5 l the plant of Cu solution as 20 mg/L, Then, the water lettuce (Salvinia molesta) also be volumed as 0 (blank), 10, 15, 20 and 25 as its variation. Then, this research also variated its contact time as 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 days. The concentration of metal Cu (II) ion in plant media was analyzed with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The research showed that the water lettuce (Salvinia molesta) was capable to absorp the metal Cu (II) ion with the optimal absorbtion happened at the 9th day in 15 plants sum of variation, with total percentage of the metal Cu (II) is absorbted to 81.68 %.Keyword: Water lettuce (Salvinia molesta), Cu (II), metal, wate
Sintesis Sabun Lunak Yang Mengandung Polihidroksi Dari Minyak Biji Kakao (Theobroma cacao,L)
Full text linkThe research about synthesis of Soft Soap Containing polyhydroxy from Cocoa seed Oil, beginning with the manufacture of the polyhydroxy compound wherein the polyhydroxy compound is obtained through a process of epoxidation and hydroxylation by reacting oils cocoa beans with peroxide acetic acids (peroxy acetate was obtained from the reaction of glacial acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide) with an acid catalyst sulfate followed by oxirane ring opening process (hydrolysis) at a temperature of 40-45 oC for 2 hours, the results obtained with the reaction yield of 60 %. In the form of a mixture of soft soap is obtained by saponification of compounds polyhydroxy with Potassium Hydroxide at a temperature 70-75 oC for 1 hour with a yield of 86,45 %. Polyhydroxy compound and soap from the cocoa bean oil was analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometer.
Respectively iodine from the cocoa bean oil 102,93mg I / gram of oil and polyhydroxy compound is 20,21 mg I / gram of oil. HLB of soap Software of oil and polyhydroxy cocoa beans from the cocoa bean oil is determined by titration method and obtained HLB of soft soap from the cocoa bean oil was 8.74 while the polyhydroxy from cacao seed oil is 10,94.The research about synthesis of Soft Soap Containing polyhydroxy from Cocoa seed Oil, beginning with the manufacture of the polyhydroxy compound wherein the polyhydroxy compound is obtained through a process of epoxidation and hydroxylation by reacting oils cocoa beans with peroxide acetic acids (peroxy acetate was obtained from the reaction of glacial acetic acid with hydrogen peroxide) with an acid catalyst sulfate followed by oxirane ring opening process (hydrolysis) at a temperature of 40-45 oC for 2 hours, the results obtained with the reaction yield of 60 %. In the form of a mixture of soft soap is obtained by saponification of compounds polyhydroxy with Potassium Hydroxide at a temperature 70-75 oC for 1 hour with a yield of 86,45 %. Polyhydroxy compound and soap from the cocoa bean oil was analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometer.
Respectively iodine from the cocoa bean oil 102,93mg I / gram of oil and polyhydroxy compound is 20,21 mg I / gram of oil. HLB of soap Software of oil and polyhydroxy cocoa beans from the cocoa bean oil is determined by titration method and obtained HLB of soft soap from the cocoa bean oil was 8.74 while the polyhydroxy from cacao seed oil is 10,94.
Keywords: Cocoa bean oil, Polyhydroxy compound, Soft soap polyhydroxy
VALIDASI METODE ANALISIS KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) DALAM MADU ALAM DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
No full textAnalysis method for determining Pb content in natural honey have been developed and validated. Research was done by analyzing one natural honey sample collected from Teritip (Balikpapan) with standard analysis method and three developed analysis method which their analytical performance tested later. Pb content was determined with atomic absorption spectrometry after dry digestion (method A) or wet digestion (method B (HNO3-H2O2; 3:8), C (HNO3-H2O2; 2:1) and D (HNO3)). Analytical performance parameter e. G. Linearity, working range, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, precision and accuracy were tested. Content of Pb in natural honey sample which analyzed with method A, B, C and D were found at 0.7923 ± 0.0311 µg/g, 0.7944 ± 0.0216 µg/g, 0.7998 ± 0.0218 µg/g and 0.7912 ± 0.0160 µg/g respectively. Analytical performance of four tested analytical method were still acceptable. Significance testing result showed that there were no significant differences in precision and accuracy between developed analysis method and standard analysis method, execpt for method D. Precision of method D was significantly better than standard analysis method.Keywords: Honey, Lead, Method Validatio
PENURUNAN GARAM KLORIDA AIR LAUT DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN MODIFIKASI PATI DARI LIMBAH BONGGOL PISANG AMBON (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)
Full text linkThe research of desalination the sea water by utilization of the strach bump a “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” modification has been done. Modification of starch bump “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” had be a ability better than starch bump “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” in the levels of chloride. The variation upon which to do to absorb chloride of sea water which are starch, starch been activated NaOH and starch acetate bump of a “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)”. Where The characteristic of the third ingredients were done by analysis FT-IR that showed the spectrum in the wavenumber of each of which are read the force –OH,C-H streaching, C-H bending, CO ester in the spectrum of starch and starch been activated with NaOH and then are read the ester C=O in the wave number of 1751,36/cm and C-O ester and forth on the wave number of 1234,44/cm to the full spectrum of starch acetate. The rendemen a modification of the starch was also shown the modified starch in the bump a “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” then more starch obtained. And which after passed a sample of starch bumb “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” wet sea water left in levels chloride 20.160,77 mg/L, in the starch bump “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” dry sea water left in levels of chloride 19.783,23 mg/L, in the starch bump “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” have been activated with NaOH wet sea water left in the levels of chloride 19.405,68 mg/L, in the starch bump “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” have been activated with NaOH dry sea water left in levels of chloride 19.028,14 mg/L and in the starch acetat bump “Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum)” sea water left in levels of chloride 18.461,83 mg/L.Keywords: the water of the sea, salt chloride, spectrum FTIR, starch and modification of starch bump a Pisang Ambon (Musa paradisiaca var sapientum
Penurunan Kadar Cr+3 [Kromium(III)] dan TSS (Total Suspended Solid) Pada Limbah Cair Laboratorium Dengan Penggunaan Metode Presipitasi
Full text linkThe aims of this research was to decrease the level chromium and TSS in the laboratory wastewater liquid sample PT SUCOFINDO by using calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. Precipitation process was done by reacting the wastewater sample and solution Ca(OH)2 0,2 and NaOH 1 M at pH variation 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, then allowed to settle for 24 hours and established the optimal pH at both solution was used in the precipitation process. Analysis content of Cr metal at this research using AAS instrument and analysis for content of TSS in this research using gravimetric method. The optimal pH precipitation to decrease Cr metal and TSS level is 8 in each of the solution used. Cr metal level after precipitation using Ca(OH)2 solution at pH 8 is 0.0901 mg/L and TSS level is 0.005 mg/L. Cr metal level after precipitation using NaOH at pH 8 is 0.0935 mg/L and TSS level is 0.008 mg/L. If compared with level decrease of Cr metal and TSS in laboratory wastewater using Ca(OH)2 and NaOH solution, and found the effectiveness of solution that have better efficiency to reduce levels of Cr and TSS in the low concentration is calcium hydroxide.The aims of this research was to decrease the level chromium and TSS in the laboratory wastewater liquid sample PT SUCOFINDO by using calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. Precipitation process was done by reacting the wastewater sample and solution Ca(OH)2 0,2 and NaOH 1 M at pH variation 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, then allowed to settle for 24 hours and established the optimal pH at both solution was used in the precipitation process. Analysis content of Cr metal at this research using AAS instrument and analysis for content of TSS in this research using gravimetric method. The optimal pH precipitation to decrease Cr metal and TSS level is 8 in each of the solution used. Cr metal level after precipitation using Ca(OH)2 solution at pH 8 is 0.0901 mg/L and TSS level is 0.005 mg/L. Cr metal level after precipitation using NaOH at pH 8 is 0.0935 mg/L and TSS level is 0.008 mg/L. If compared with level decrease of Cr metal and TSS in laboratory wastewater using Ca(OH)2 and NaOH solution, and found the effectiveness of solution that have better efficiency to reduce levels of Cr and TSS in the low concentration is calcium hydroxide
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN ASAM ASKORBAT DALAM BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) DENGAN IODIMETRI
Full text linkABSTRACT The research to determine “Analysis the Content of Ascorbic Acid in the Red Dragon Fruit by Iodimetri” Vitamin C concentration of postharvest red dragon fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) and at the same time to recognize those the packaging could affected conten of obtained Vitamin C. Analysis process was conducted by iodimetric titration method through the sample of dragon fruit with saving period and packaging varied. The result of completed research find out there was are difference concentration of Vitamin C between packaged dragon fruit and without package, the concentration of Vitamin C in packaged dragon fruit was increase the concentration of Vitamin C from the first day (11,1680 mg/100 gram of sample) to the third day (14,8017 mg/100 gram of sample) and decrease until the fifth day (10,4743 mg/gram of sample), otherwise by another treatment without package the concentration of Vitamin C are increase from the first day (7,4928 mg/100 gram of sample) to the sixth day (19,6784 mg/100 gram of sample) and decreased until the eighth day (14,1395 mg/100 gram of sample). Keywords : Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus), Vitamin C dan iodimetric titration
Uji Fitokimia, Toksisitas dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Fraksi n-heksan dan Etil Asetat terhadap Ekstrak Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale var. amarum)
Full text linkHas conducted research on the phytochemical test, toxicity test and test the antioxidant activity of the fraction of n-hexane and ethyl acetate to extract red ginger (Zingiber officinale amarum var.). The dried leaves weighing 382 grams, was macerated using methanol, filtered and concentrated by rotary evaporator. Then the total extract of red ginger in fractionation with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Based on the test results of secondary metabolites phytochemical extracts of total red ginger (Zingiber officinale var amarum.) Are alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids and phenolic. N-hexane fraction contains alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids and phenolic. Ethyl acetate fractions contain alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids and phenolic. Toxicity test showed the mortality rate of shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach using Probit Analysis SAS (Statistical Analysis System) to determine the value of 50% Lethal Concentration (LC50), showed that the fraction of n-hexane toxicity with LC50 values of 63.8130 ppm; extracts of total was 71.0121 ppm and ethyl acetate was 3821.89 ppm. Test the antioxidant activity using DPPH free radical reduction in the spectrophotometer and IC50 values obtained on a total extract was 32.19 ppm; n-hexane was fraction 35.63 ppm; and ethyl acetate fraction was 25.69 ppm
PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI MEMBRAN SELULOSA ASETAT-PVC DARI ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) UNTUK ADSORPSI LOGAM TEMBAGA (II)
Full text linkPenelitian tentang isolasi selulosa dari eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) melalui proses ekstraksi sokletasi, delignifikasi dan bleaching, dilanjutkan dengan sintesis asetilasi dengan memasukkan gugus asetat ke dalam gugus fungsi selulosa hasil isolasi telah dilakukan. Membran selulosa asetat-PVC dibuat dengan mencampurkan selulosa asetat dengan polivinilklorida (PVC) sebagai matriks yang terlebih dahulu dilarutkan dengan pelarut tetrahidrofuran (THF), kemudian ditambahkan dioktilftalat (DOP) sebagai pemlastis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eceng gondok dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi membran selulosa asetat-PVC dengan komposisi optimum pada perbandingan selulosa asetat : PVC : DOP yaitu 6:3:1. Hasil analisis FT-IR menunjukkan adanya interaksi antar ion Cu2+ dengan membran dilihat dari penurunan intensitas serapan sebelum dan sesudah didop yaitu 78.564 % menjadi 66.857 % pada gugus C=O dari selulosa asetat. Hal ini diperkuat dengan analisis SEM yang menunjukkan morfologi permukaan membran yang porinya diduga terisi oleh ion logam Cu2+. Kata Kunci : Eceng gondok, Membran selulosa asetat-PVC, Tembaga (II)