JURNAL KIMIA MULAWARMAN
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PENGARUH VARIASI RASIO Si/Al STRUKTUR ZEOLIT A DAN VARIASI KATION (Li+, Na+, K+) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN UKURAN WINDOW ZEOLIT A MENGGUNAKAN METODE MEKANIKA MOLEKULER
Full text linkThe structure modeling of zeolite A using calculation of molecular mechanics methods with variation of Si/Al ratio ( 1; 1,18; 1,4; 1,66 and 2) and variation of cations (Li+, Na+, K+) has been investigated. The result shows that the structure of zeolit A with the ratio of Si/Al = 2, has the most stable structure with a minimum energy 1757,1420 kcal/mol. The most stable zeolite A structure impregnated with cations are determined from the lowest energy which is 1686,8383 kcal/mol for the structure with K+ cation. In addition result shows that the structure with Li+ cation has the largest window diameter, thus affecting the window size of the zeolite A structure of which potentially has the best adsorbent capacity
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA STEROID DARI KULIT BATANG TUMBUHAN ANDONG (Cordyline fructicosa [L] A. Cheval)
No full textThe isolation of steroid compounds from the bark of Andong plant (Cordyline fructicosa [L] A. Cheval) that come from Samarinda have been done. Their air-dried powdered from bark of Andong plant (Cordyline fructicosa [L] A. Cheval) (250 gram) were extracted by methanol at room temperature (27oC) and fractioned with n-hexane-water (1:1). Separation of steroid compounds in n-hexane fraction by column chromatography with silica gel 60 (35-70 mesh) based on the Isocratic method and produce six fractions, that fractions were 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 fractions. Fraction 3 gave a blue fluorescent staining that was observed after under UV light and with the Lieberman Burchard produces a green stain, then the fraction 3 was tested for steroid and produces a blue color indicates a positive steroid that has a yield of 0.0536 gram. Purification of the fraction 3 produces greenish-yellow crystals with Rf value of 0.72 with eluent chloroform (100%) while the value of Rf in n-hexane = 0.68 and Rf in ethyl acetate = 0.42. the UV-Vis spectrum of the crystalline isolate results provide absorption at wavelenght of 252 nm, 263 nm and 334 nm. While the result of FT-IR spectrum gives absorption at wave numbers: 689.63; 768.03; 800.79; 901.81; 977.32; 1052.32; 1201.45; 1273.35; 1358.76; 1463.11; 1662.32; 2853.02; 2926.19; 3056.42 and 3456.33. The bark of Andong plant (Cordyline fructicosa [L] A. Cheval) contains steroid compounds.Keywords: Andong (Cordyline fructicosa [L] A. Cheval), Steroid, Isocratic, Isolatio
STUDI KOMPUTASI BERBASIS DFT TERHADAP FENOMENA QUANTUM TUNNELING DALAM ISOMERISASI METILHIDROKSIKARBENA
No full textDensity functional theory-based methods have been applied to predict the most possible one among the isomerizations of methylhydroxycarbene considering the probability of hydrogen tunneling occurrence. B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) and M08-SO/6-31+G(d,p) methods were applied in all computations using GAMESS-US software. There were three steps of computation in this research. First, electronic structure computations of both equilibrium and transition compounds involved in all isomerization alternatives in order to obtain the optimum structures of the compounds. Second, vibrational computations of optimum transition structures to ensure that each of the respective structures is well on its potential energy surface. Third, tunneling analysis accomplished by intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) computatuins for all isomerization alternatives followed by tunneling probabilitycalculation using the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) formula for methylhydroxycarbene isomerizations. The result of this research showed that the DFT methods successfully produced the optimum structure of each compound. Both DFT methods also successfully mapped all the intrinsic reaction coordinates. B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) method gave tunneling probabilities of 3.55 x 10-19 for the isomerization into acetaldehyde and 3.30 x 10-20 for that into vinyl alcohol. While M08-SO/6-31+G(d,p) method gave tunneling probabilities of 2.38 x 10-23 for the isomerization into acetaldehyde and 4.79 x 10-23 for that into vinyl alcohol.Keywords: DFT, methylhydroxycarbene, hydrogen tunneling, isomerizatio
OPTIMASI KINERJA ANALITIK PADA PENENTUAN KADAR FOSFOR SEBAGAI P2O5 PADA ABU BATUBARA DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETER VISIBLE
Full text linkThe research on optimization of analytical performance in the determination of phosphorous as P2O5 content in the coal ash with visible spectrophotometer method has been done. In this research was conducted validation visible spectrophotometer method to establish the levels of phosphorus in coal ash. Validation parameters used in this research were accuracy, precision, linearity, LOD, LOQ and ruggedness methods. From the result of this research, accuracy was stated in percent recovery, precision was stated as a RSD percent, withthe equation of linearity as y=0,1768x - 0,0076. From the equation, it will be obtained LOD and LOQ values. And endurance test methods that varied the length of it digest time. From the results it can be concluded that the determination of phosphorous content in the coal ash using visible spectrophotometer method has good precisionand accuracy, and able to be justifiedKeywords: Coal, Phosporous, Analytical Performance, Visible Spectrophotometer
Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Kelopak Jantung Pisang Kepok (Musa Paradisiaca Linn.) dengan Metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)
Full text linkThe phytochemical tests and toxicity test extract from petals of kepok banana flowers (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) have been researched. The method used is Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). According the results of phytochemicals test from petals of the kepok banana flowers (Musa paradisiaca Linn.) contains compounds metabolite secondary which is alkaloids, saponin and triterpenoid. The toxicity test showed the most active fraction is the ethanol fraction with 304.8067 ppm of LC50 values.Keywords: Musa paradisiaca Linn., phytochemical test, toxicity test (BSLT
Kajian Adsorpsi Krom Dalam Limbah Cair Penyamakan Kulit
Full text linkChromium in tannery wastewater is still a problem for the industry. Treatment of tannery wastewater using conventional way is not enough. Alternative wastewater treatment such as adsorption methods is needed. This review summarizes and discusses the state of the art of research on adsorbents in addition to commercial activated carbon for tannery wastewater treatment
PEMANFAATAN ARANG AKTIF DARI TEMPURUNG Jatropha curcas L. YANG TERMODIFIKASI SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LOGAM TEMBAGA (Cu)
No full textA research on the application of activated carbon from Jatropha curcas L shell which is modified as the copper adsorbent has been conducted. The research was varied by series of initial pH 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 and the contact time 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes and its effect to copper adsorption by activated and modified carbon from Jatropha curcas L shell. The result showed that the optimum pH for AA-FISIK, AA-EDTA and AA-HNO3 is 3 and for AA-HCl is 5. The optimum contact time is 90 minutes for AA-HCL and AA-EDTA; 60 minutes for AA-HNO3; and 120 minutes for AA-PHYSICAL. It was also found that higher initial concentration will increase the total amount of adsorbed copper.Keywords: adsorption, copper, activated carbon, Jatropha curcas
UJI HIPOGLIKEMIK EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN MAJAPAHIT (Crescentia Cujete (L.) TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MENCIT JANTAN
No full textHypoglycemic test of methanol extract of Crescentia cujete (L.) at dose 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg given to male laboratory mice orally with glucose tolerance test method has been done. Measurement of blood glucose was carried out every 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes with glucometer. Result of this research concluded that addition of methanol extract of dose 25 mg/kg gave strongest hypoglycemic effect (25.20%), followed at dose 50 mg/kg (18.00%) and at close 75 mg/kg (10.01%) at confidence limit 0.05. Phytochemical test of methanol extract of Crescentia cujete (L.) leaves shown presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic and saponin compounds.Keywords: Hypoglycemic, Crescentia cujete (L.), phyatochemica
MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS REPEATABILITY DAN REPRODUCIBILITY SAMPEL LIQUID GAS DE-ETHANIZER DI PT. BADAK DENGAN MEMODIFIKASI ALAT PREPARASI PADA KROMATOGRAFI GAS
Full text linkModification has been done to the gas chromatograph by adding a de-ethanizer preparation tool that serves as the evaporation of liquid samples de-ethanizer gas from the LNG (Liquid Natural Gas) plant PT. Badak NGL Bontang, East Kalimantan. With the aim to obtain stable analysis results as required. From the results obtained for the repeatability value 0.104% methane component, 0.036% ethane component and 0.154% propane components and reproducibility values obtained for the methane component of 0.025%, 0.036% component ethane, and propane components 0.014%. Data analysis of the samples obtained test results are still below thelimit allowed by the method of GPA 2261-64 which found samples with good homogeneity so that the analysis becomes stable and the true value can be resposibility and laboratory as a Quality Control can keep reliability for LNG Plant.
Keywords: liquid natural gas, de-ethanizer, gas chromatography, repeatability, reproducibility, GPA2261-6
PENINGKATAN KEPOLARAN ASAM LINOLEAT DALAM BENTUK AMIDA MENJADI N-etanol-9,10,12,13,15,16 HEKSAHIDROKSI OLEIL-AMIDA
Full text linkAsam linolenat dari minyak nabati diesterifikasi dengan metanol menggunakan katalis asam dan dilanjutkan dengan amidasi dengan etanolamina menghasilkan alkanolamida selanjutnya dilakukan epoksidasi dengan tert-butyl hidroperoksida dan bantuan katalis peroksigenase dipanaskan pada suhu 40oC selama ± 12 jam sambil dialirkan gas Nitrogen UHP 99% untuk menghasilkan senyawa epoksi alkanolamida oktadekanoat campuran yang selanjutnya dihidrolisis dengan HCl 0,1 N untuk menghasilkan senyawa poliol alkanolamida heksahidroksi oktadekanoat. Uji HLB dari surfaktan alkanolamida heksahidroksi oktadekanoat (N-etanol-9,10,12,13,15,16 heksahidroksi oleil amida) sebesar 14,13 Oleh karena itu senyawa poliol ini dapat digunakan sebagai pengemulsi sistem o/w. Seluruh hasil reaksi dikonfirmasikan secara analisis spektroskopi FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GC-MS dan analisis KLT sesuai dengan keperluan.Asam linolenat dari minyak nabati diesterifikasi dengan metanol menggunakan katalis asam dan dilanjutkan dengan amidasi dengan etanolamina menghasilkan alkanolamida selanjutnya dilakukan epoksidasi dengan tert-butyl hidroperoksida dan bantuan katalis peroksigenase dipanaskan pada suhu 40oC selama ± 12 jam sambil dialirkan gas Nitrogen UHP 99% untuk menghasilkan senyawa epoksi alkanolamida oktadekanoat campuran yang selanjutnya dihidrolisis dengan HCl 0,1 N untuk menghasilkan senyawa poliol alkanolamida heksahidroksi oktadekanoat. Uji HLB dari surfaktan alkanolamida heksahidroksi oktadekanoat (N-etanol-9,10,12,13,15,16 heksahidroksi oleil amida) sebesar 14,13 Oleh karena itu senyawa poliol ini dapat digunakan sebagai pengemulsi sistem o/w. Seluruh hasil reaksi dikonfirmasikan secara analisis spektroskopi FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GC-MS dan analisis KLT sesuai dengan keperluan.
Kata kunci: Asam linolenat, N-etanol-9,10,12,13,15,16 heksahidroksi oleil amida dan esterifikas