Austrian Academy of Sciences
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»I am a virgin woman and a virgin woman’s child« Critical Plant Theory and the Maiden Mother Conceit in Early Medieval Riddles. Medieval Worlds|Urban Agencies: Reframing Anatolian and Caucasian Cities (13th-14th Centuries) & Movement and Mobility in the Medieval Mediterranean: Changing Perspectives from Late Antiquity to the Long-Twelfth Century, II - Volume 14. 2021 medieval worlds Volume 14. 2021|
No full textWhile early medieval riddles in Old English and, to a lesser extent, Latin, have been studied extensively from ecocritical perspectives in recent years, the large corpora of riddles in other languages of western Eurasia have yet to benefit from or feed back into these methodological developments. Meanwhile, ecocritical research generally has focused on animals at the expense of plants. We respond to both problems by providing the first extensive study of riddles whose solutions are plants, through the lens of one recurrent conceit in ancient and medieval verse riddles in Arabic, Greek, Latin, Old Norse and, we argue, Hebrew. The conceit is that a plant is a virgin woman who nevertheless reproduces. By examining different permutations of this motif, we show how these riddles use plants to comment on human gendering, and how, while usually fundamentally patriarchal in their world-views, they register patriarchal anxiety at women’s reproductive capabilities, acknowledge critiques of patriarchal constraints on women, and queer gender norms in other ways; inter alia we note that the Old Norse riddle studied here may be the only explicit (albeit metaphorical) representation of female homosexual eroticism in the Old Norse corpus. However, we also draw on critical plant theory to explore how the riddles situate plants in medieval Abrahamicate cultures, uncovering implicit recognitions of the dynamic and reciprocal relationships between human farmers and their family structures, the plants that domesticate them, people’s and plants’ mutual shaping of the ecosystems they inhabit or colonise, and the economies that these interactions constitute
Revisiting the History of Fertility Concentration and its Measurement
No full textTo date, the concentration of fertility has been studied almost exclusively throughthe lens of indicators derived from the Lorenz curve of completed parity. Arguably,this situation has resulted from a misapplication of criteria from the study of incomeinequality, without fully considering the distinctive characteristics. Here, alternativemeasures of concentration are justified on substantive grounds and applied to a widerange of empirical data from developing, transitional, and industrialised countries. Inparticular, the traditional scale-invariant concentration measures are complementedby translation-invariant and intermediate perspectives. The latter conveniently alsoconnects the nonparametric indicator approach to the study of fertility concentrationwith established statistical models for count data. This connection provides the missinglink for the kind of behavioural interpretation of fertility concentration dynamics thathas been attempted in the past, but can be shown to have been ill-founded.Examiningthe phenomenon of fertility concentration through this tri-focal lens leads to a picturethat is more coherent, more parsimonious, and more complete
Upper Hessenberg and Toeplitz Bohemian matrix sequences: a note on their asymptotical eigenvalues and singular values. ETNA - Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis
No full textIn previous works, Bohemian matrices have attracted the attention of several researchers for their rich combinatorial structure, and they have been studied intensively from several points of view, including height, determinants, characteristic polynomials, normality, and stability.Here we consider a selected number of examples of upper Hessenberg and Toeplitz Bohemian matrix sequences whose entries belong to the population , and we propose a connection with the spectral theory of Toeplitz matrix sequences and Generalized Locally Toeplitz (GLT) matrix sequences in order to giveresults on the localization and asymptotical distribution of their spectra and singular values. Numerical experiments that support the mathematical study are reported. A conclusion section ends the note in order to illustrate the applicability of the proposed tools to more general cases
Review - Dries Daems, Social Complexity and Complex Systems in Archaeology (Routledge, Oxon 2021). Archaeologia Austriaca|Archaeologia Austriaca Band 105/2021 Band 105/2021|
No full textAppointing a Replacement while in Office in Iasos: Different Approaches to Different Needs: Response to Pierre Fröhlich. Akten der Gesellschaft für Griechische und Hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte|(28) Symposion 2019 Akten der Gesellschaft für griechische und hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte Band 28|
No full textArchaeology of Central Asia during the 1st millennium BC, from the Beginning of the Iron age to the Hellenistic period
No full textBibliografie zur Spätantike und Christlichen Archäologie in Österreich (mit einem Anhang zum spätantik-frühchristlichen Ephesos). 2020 erschienene Publikationen. Mitteilungen zur Christlichen Archäologie|Mitteilungen zur Christlichen Archäologie 27 27|
No full textEstimates of Global Bilateral Migration Flows by Gender Between 1960 and 2015
No full textMeasures of international migration flows are often limited in both availability andcomparability. This paper aims to address these issues at a global level using an indirect methodto estimate country to country migration flows from more readily available bilateral stock data.Estimates are obtained over five and ten-year periods between 1960 and 2015 by gender,providing a comprehensive picture of past migration patterns. The estimated total amount ofglobal international migrant flows is shown to generally increase over the 50 year time frame.The intensity of migration flows over five and ten-year periods fluctuate at around 0.65 and1.25 percent of the global population respectively, with a noticeable spike during the 1990-95period. Gender imbalances in the estimated flows between selected regions were found to exist,such as recent movements into oil rich Gulf States from South Asia. Global migration during2010-15 fell in comparison previous periods. The sensitivity of flow estimates to alternativeinput stock and demographic data as well as changes in political geography are explored.Estimates are validated through comparisons with existing reported migration flows statistics
Where the Long Way Ends: Descriptions of the Mediterranean Sea and Holy Land and the Criticism of Crusading at the Court of Henry II of England (1154-1189). Medieval Worlds|Urban Agencies: Reframing Anatolian and Caucasian Cities (13th-14th Centuries) & Movement and Mobility in the Medieval Mediterranean: Changing Perspectives from Late Antiquity to the Long-Twelfth Century, II - Volume 14. 2021 medieval worlds Volume 14. 2021|
No full textThe purpose of this essay is to explore Gerald of Wales’s Topographia Hibernica and Walter Map’s De Nugis Curialium, to assess how the authors treated and described the Mediterranean space, with particular reference to the Holy Land. The selected texts are often cited as typical of the style of literary production that took place at the court of Henry II of England (1154-1189) and of the strong correspondence that existed between the policies of the English king and the works of his courtiers. The first version of the Topographia Hibernica was written between 1186-1188 and is the first treatise on Ireland composed by a non-Irish author. The De Nugis Curialium, a collection of satirical invectives, folktales, and personal experiences, was written during the latter half of the twelfth century. In their respective texts, Gerald of Wales and Walter Map focus primarily on topics regarding the British Isles. Noticeably, however, both writers make relevant digressions in order to report information about Sicily, Greece and the Holy Land, and that both authors witnessed the arrival of the patriarch of Jerusalem in London. The present article has two goals: first, bearing in mind Henry II’s reluctance as a response to possible crusade, the aim of this analysis is to see if and how the descriptions of the Mediterranean space coincided with Henry II’s reluctance to travel to Jerusalem. The second aim is to show how such descriptions accorded with the structure of both works and, in particular, how they might serve the authors’ specific interests beyond their adherence to Henry II’s policies
Willeke, Willem
No full text* 29.9.1880 Den Haag/NL, † 26.11.1950 Pittsfield, MA/USA. Cellist, Komponist, Musikpädagoge