Austrian Academy of Sciences
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Table of Contents. Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Klasse|Cultural Politics, Transfer, and Propaganda. Mediated Narratives and Images in Austrian-American Relations Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Klasse 916. Band|
No full textNow or Later? Fertility Intentions in Bulgaria and Hungary and the Impact of Anomie and Social Capital
No full textThis paper discusses the construction of fertility intentions in contemporary Bulgaria andHungary. It presents empirical analyses of four types of fertility intentions: whether to have ornot to have a first or a second child and if yes, whether to have this child within the next twoyears or later. Both countries have recently experienced drastic societal transformations. Basedon comparative survey data for women we find that that explanatory factors of fertilityintentions differ significantly by order of an intended birth and its timing. We attributeparticular emphasis to social anomie and social capital as important factors in shaping fertilityintentions and in timing a desired birth. Moreover, economic factors are importantdeterminants in Bulgaria, while ideational and demographic factors are significant in bothcountries. The findings suggest the necessity of explicitly taking into account birth order andthe timing of a desired birth in large-scale demographic surveys and the importance of anomieand social capital in recent fertility choices in Central and Eastern Europe
RAISE – Research on Alpine sediment processes, morphodynamics and ecosystem behaviour considering extreme events
No full textaDNA-Analysen zum spätmerowingischen Kinderdoppelgrab unter dem Frankfurter Dom. Archaeologia Austriaca|Archaeologia Austriaca Band 105/2021 Band 105/2021|
No full textIm vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine molekulargenetische Analyse der aDNA (Jan Cemper-Kiesslich, Universität Salzburg, sowie Christina Amory und Walther Parson, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck) vorgelegt, die aus mehreren Proben des Gesichtsschädels eines unverbrannten Skeletts im spätmerowingerzeitlichen Kinderdoppelgrab unter der Bartholomäuskirche („Dom“) in Frankfurt am Main gewonnen wurde. Der archäologischen und anthropologischen Analyse zufolge handelt es sich um ein vier- bis fünfjähriges Mädchen aus der Oberschicht in Ostfranken. Vom als Leichenbrand mitbestatteten zweiten, etwa gleichaltrigen Kind konnte keine verwertbare Probe gezogen werden; sein Geschlecht und weitere Charakteristika bleiben unbekannt. Vom Mädchen konnten sowohl ein autosomaler genetischer Fingerabdruck wie auch die gesamte mitochondriale DNA-Sequenz ermittelt werden. Die fragmentarische autosomale DNA erlaubt eine Bestimmung des Geschlechts als weiblich, jedoch nicht von phänotypischen Charakteristika wie etwa der Pigmentation. Auf Basis der mitochondrialen DNA konnte das Mädchen dem heute in Europa weitverbreiteten, bislang auf Westeuropa konzentrierten Haplotyp U5b2a1a zugewiesen werden, der zur alteuropäischen Haplogruppe U5 gehört. Sein bislang seltenes prähistorisches Vorkommen in Zentral- und Osteuropa gestattet jedoch keine weiterführende bio-ethno-geographische Zuordnung des Mädchens
Engaging the United States Network of Biosphere Reserves in a changing social-political context. eco.mont (Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management)|eco.mont Vol. 13 special issue 2021|
No full textThe United States was an integral part of the early growth of UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB), yet changing political and social contexts have impacted the relationship between the US and MAB. Poised at the start of a new period of activity, as the US reviews its strategy on its current and future engagement with MAB, it is critical to discuss the factors that have influenced the history of US involvement in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) and how the US will engage in the future. For the purpose of this article, the US Biosphere Network (USBN) refers to the current recently reinvigorated network of biosphere reserves in the US. As many of the USBN sites are partially or fully mountainous ecosystems, the renewed engagement of the USBN will contribute to the conservation of some of the nation’s most prized mountain landscapes. This article provides an overview of the biosphere reserve concept and of US involvement with the intergovernmental programme. We discuss challenges facing the USBN, including relevancy and inclusion, political relations with UNESCO, and perceptions of zoning. We present examples of opportunities and strategies that have been implemented by the Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Network in a mountain region, followed by conclusions on revisioning MAB in the US and globally for the next 50 years
Die Kaiserkrönung Friedrichs III. vom 19. März 1452 – ein Problemaufriss. Römische Historische Mitteilungen|Römische Historische Mitteilungen 63|
No full textThe coronation of Emperor Frederick III as King of Lombardy-Veneto and his coronation as Holy Roman Emperor on March 19th 1452 must be seen as two separate events in terms of preparation and procedure. However, they were perceived by contemporaries as being part of the same event. Not only did Frederick III’s imperial coronation mark the end of a tradition, but – due to the fact that this event is regarded as being closely interwoven with the Lombardy coronation – it definitely paved the way for something new. In fact, during the ceremony of 1452 Frederick III was given the title of canon of both St. Peter’s Basilica and of the Lateran. The golden rose was conferred not only because the ceremony had been restructured but also because it took place on Laetare Sunday in 1452. A medieval coronation ceremony can be understood only if it is seen in terms of an ensemble of interlinked events in which the act of handing over the imperial insignia plays a very important role. The service as strator, which Frederik III performed for the pope on his way between St. Peter’s Cathedral and Castel Sant’Angelo, was intended to demonstrate the emperor’s newly won dignity. Particularly important is also the march of the emperor, wearing his crown, through Rome to the Lateran’s Church, to which little attention has been paid so far. In a special way, the imperial coronation of Frederick III in 1452 can be seen as an example of how history interprets an event in a different way and how, over time, the event and the history of the interpretation of this event have merged together seamlessly
Inventories and Official Responsibility: Response to Michele Faraguna. Akten der Gesellschaft für Griechische und Hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte|(28) Symposion 2019 Akten der Gesellschaft für griechische und hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte Band 28|
No full textThe Future of International Migration: Developing Expert-Based Assumptions for Global Population Projections
No full textThis paper explores alternative future trajectories of international migration by applying amultiregional flow model to a new set of estimates of global bilateral migration flowsdeveloped by the second author. The innovations in population projections presented hereare threefold: first, the projections are based on new flow estimates that are comparable atthe world level rather than commonly used net migration measures; second, a set ofalternative expert-based what-if scenarios is developed and a continuation of current trendsuntil the year 2060 as the medium variant is assumed rather than assuming a convergenceto zero net migration; third projections are carried out using directional migrationprobabilities in a multiregional cohort-component framework, where populations of allcountries are projected simultaneously. A discussion of the baseline data, assumptions andmodel specifications is followed by a summary of key result on projected numbers offuture migrants
