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Pertumbuhan dan Distribusi Potongan Komersial Karkas Sapi Australian Commercial Cross dan Brahman Cross Hasil Penggemukan
Get PDFThis research was conducted to study the growth and distribution of carcass components of beef carcas from Australian Commercial Cross and Brahman Cross cattle. The number of animals used was 165 heads with the body weight range of 350 - 400 kg taken from feedlot fattening. To study the growth and development of carcass component, the equation alometric Huxley was used. The result showed that breed had not significant effect on wholesale cuts. The geometry estimation on the specification of traditional markets and special market showed also the differences on topside (traditional market) and flank (special market). Key words : distribution, wholesale cuts, Australian Commercial cross, Brahman cross, fattenin
Suplementasi Sabun Mineral dan Mineral Organik serta Kacang Kedelai Sangrai pada Domba
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to evaluate the use of mineral soap, organic mineral and roasted soybean supplementations to improve productivity in ruminant animals. Thirty two Garut Sheep (initial body weight 22.38 ± 3.56 kg) were assigned into a randomized block design with eight treatments. Body weight was used as a block (4 blocks). Eight rations evaluated in this trial were FO: basal diet + fish oil, CO: basal diet + corn oil, CaFO: basal diet + calcium soap of fish oil, CaCO: basal diet + calcium soap of corn oil, ZnFO: basal diet + zinc soap of fish oil, ZnCO: basal diet + zinc soap of corn oil, RS: basal diet + roasted soybeans, MM: basal diet + mineral mix. The experimental diets were fed for 8 weeks. The result of the experiment showed that calcium soap improved animal growth better than did zinc soap. Daily gains of sheep fed FO (99 g/d), CaFO (114 g/d), CaCO (103 g/d), RS (105 g/d), and MM (103 g/d), diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those of sheep fed CO (86 g/d), ZnFO (88 g/d), and ZnCO (53 g/d) diets. Dry matter intake of sheep fed CO (903 g/d), CaCO (947 g/d), RS (933 g/d) diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those fed FO (820 g/d), CaFO (856 g/d), ZnFO (847 g/d), ZnCO (785 g/d), and MM (805 g/d) diets. Dry matter digestibility of CO (70%) and CaFO diet (76%) were higher (P < 0.01) than other diets. Nitrogen retention of sheep fed CaFO (11.8 g/d), RS (12.2 g/d), and MM (13.2 g/d) diets were higher (P < 0.01) than those fed FO (10 g/d), CO (10 g/d), CaCO (9.8 g/d), ZnFO (9.0 g/d), and ZnCO (9.0 g/d) diets. Organic mineral, calcium soap of fish oil, calcium soap of corn oil, and roasted soy bean supplementation increased daily gain up to 105 g/d. It was concluded that calcium soap, organic mineral and roasted soybean improved growth of sheep.Key words : soap, oil, mineral, roasted soy bean, shee
Penggunaan Pupuk Kandang pada Padang Rumput di Lahan Kering Sulawesi Tenggara
Get PDFGenerally, the permanent pasture of dry farming in South East Sulawesi is dominated by the perennial grass and coppi plant, which have very low palatability and benefit for livestock. The aim of the research was to increase the productivity of pasture in South East Sulawesi by introducing perennial grasses and manure application. The experiment was conducted in UPTD and analytical laboratory of FMIPA from April to September 2006 using three types of perennial grasses i.e. Brachiaria decumbens, Paspalum dilatatum and Cynodon plectostachyrus. Perception conducted to calculate the botanical composition and soil properties before and after the treatment. The field experiment was carried out as two factorial experiment arranged in Randomized Block Design. The first factor was the species of perennial grass and the second factor was different level of manure fertilizer. The result of the experiment showed that the crude fibre content of B. decumbens was lower than those of P. dilatatum and C. plectostachyrus. The crude fibre content increased with the increasing manure application. But the protein content of B. decumbens was higher than those of P. dilatatum and C. plectostachyrus. It is suggested to plant B. decumbens to get higher quality forage for livestock in South East Sulawesi. Key words: manure, perennial grass, pasture, protein, fibe
Status Ca, Mg dan Zn pada Kambing Peranakan Etawah Muda yang Diberi Ransum Bentuk Mash dengan Pakan Sumber Serat Berbeda
Get PDFFibrous agricultural by-products are the component of most rations for ruminant raised intensively. Slow rate and low digestibility of the fibrous feed may limit mineral bioavailability. Present experiment aimed to clarify the influence of fibrous feed component in ration on the status of Ca, Mg and Zn in growing goats. Twenty of female Etawah-grade goats weighing of 13.5±2.14 kg were grouped and allocated into five treatments in a randomized block design. Rations composed of 50% fibrous feed and 50% concentrate. The fibrous feed component as treatments were: RG = napier grass, JP = rice straw, KC = cacao pod, JK = mixed rice straw and coffee husk, and CP = mixed rice straw, napier grass, coffee husk and cacao pod. Rations were offered at 3% of live weight. The result showed that fibrous feed influenced Ca, Mg, and Zn intake, Ca and Mg absorption, and Ca, Mg and Zn plasma of growing goats. Intake, absorption and plasma Ca, Mg, and Zn had positive correlation with dry mater intake. Absorption of Ca and Zn had positive correlations with crude fiber digestibility. Supplementation of Ca, Mg and Zn was necessary when the fibrous feed was included at the level of 50% in the ration of growing goats, but the supplement level varied according to the type of the fibrous feed. Key words: fibrous feed, mineral status, Etawah goa
Hasil Ikutan Pertanian Sebagai Pakan Ruminansia di Jawa Tengah
Get PDFThe major problem faced by farmers in Central Java is the fluctuation of feed availability throughout the year, with feed surplus in the rainy season and less in the dry season. The objective of this study was to evaluate the support ability of agricultural by product as ruminant feed in Central Java. Survey method was used in this study, primary and secondary data were descriptively analyzed. The results showed that based on total population of ruminants and carrying capacity of the potential production of agricultural by product, there was an excess of support ability to 3,699,674 Animal Unit (AU) based on Dry Matter (DM); 1,419,142 AU based on Crude Protein (CP) and 1,825,567 AU based on Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN). However, based on carrying capacity of effective production of agricultural by product, there was an excess of support ability of feed only for 2,003,470 AU based on DM, 335,459 AU based on CP and 687,215 AU based on TDN. Key words: agricultural by product, ruminant, Central Jav
Produksi dan Kualitas Rumput Brachiaria humidicola (Rend.) Sch, Digitaria decumbens Stent dan Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) O.Kunt. di Bawah Naungan Sengon, Karet dan Kelapa Sawit
Get PDFThe experiment was conducted to investigate the adaptive grasses growing under shading albizia, rubber and oil palm canopy. Three species of tropical grasses (Brachiaria humidicola (Rend.) Sch., Digitaria decumbens Stent, dan Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) O.Kunt. were cultivated for at least four months. The parameters of research were productivity (including tillering rate) and nutrient quality of each grass. Data were analyzed using Split-plot design and for the significant differences were further tested by Least Significant Different (LSD). The result showed that B. humidicola production was better than other species in plantation and forest shaded. This species producting higher fresh yield and crude protein, but its tillering rate was poor. S. secundatum, although its production was not as great as B. humidicola, this grass had the greatest tillering rates compared to the others. It can be recommended that S. secundatum is persistent species, and has a good productivity for a long periode of time under shading. Key words: tropical grasses, shading, tillering rates, persisten
Pengaruh Telur Beromega-3 dan 6 Hasil Olahan terhadap Profil Lipid Darah Tikus Rattus norvegicus L. Normal dan Hiperkolesterolemia
Get PDFThe research was aimed to evaluate the change of trigliserida (TG), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Rattus norvegicus L. blood fed fried and boiled egg yolk containing Polyunsaturated fatty acid, and omega-3- omega-6 with ideal ratio (1 : 5). Fifty two months old male of Rattus norvegicus L. separated in 2 groups; normal and hypercholesterolemia (blood cholesterol > 200 mg/dl). The rat placed in individual cage, fed 15 g/rat/day and drinking water ad lib. The ration was composed of 90% basal feed and 10% egg yolk of daily feed consumption (20% BW). Seven treatments of egg yolk were frying at 170 0C for 3 min (fried = GM), and 1 min (half fried = GSM) using deep fryer, oilless frying at = 70 0C for10 min (fried = TM), dan 6 min (half fried = TSM) using Teflon pan, and boiling at 100 0C for 10\u27 (boiled = RM) dan 4 min (half boiled = RSM) using thermoregulator pan and a fresh omega egg as a control. Factorial 2 x 7 of completely randomized design was used for 4 weeks research period. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan\u27s Multiple Range Test. The result showed that rat TG and LDL blood increased on the normal rat group and the GM egg showed the highest blood TG (98.71 mg/dl) and LDL (13.01 mg/dl). On hypercholesterolemia group of rat GM a highest TG bood, 121.04 mg/dl, respectively. In normal rat, the HDL blood tended to decrease, but that on hypercholesterolemia group increased, and GM egg showed the highest HDL (110.93 mg/dl). Half boiled egg was the best treatment for omega egg. Key words: omega-3, omega-6, fat profile, hypercholesterolemi
Uji in Vitro Penghambatan Aktivitas Escherichia coli dengan Tepung Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus rubellus)
Get PDFThis research was conducted to study the inhibition growth of E. coli by using earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) meal. The earthworm meal was used in various concentrations, i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg of earthworm meal in 100 ml DMSO for 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% (w/v) as treatments respectively. Data were analyzed by ANOVA in Randomized Complete Block Design. Duncan\u27s multiple range test and polynomials orthogonal were used. Inhibition effects were measured through agar well diffusion test. Results showed that earthworm meal contain antibacterial compound which inhibit E. coli activity. There was a significant difference (P 0.05) with 75% (w/v). It is concluded that earthworm meal is capable to inhibit E. coli in-vitro at the optimum level of 50% (w/v). Key words: earthworm meal, E. coli, in-vitro, agar well diffusio
Pembentukan Model Penciptaan Pengetahuan (Knowledge Creation) dalam Mendorong Inovasi pada Koperasi Susu di Indonesia: Suatu Studi Konfirmatori
Get PDFMany theories highlighted the critical importance of knowledge creation on the long-term success of the organization. However, the scarcity of empirical work on knowledge creation model has limited our understanding of the overall organizational process involved. To overcome this, we attempt a comprehensive analyze of knowledge creation model within the organization, exploring the relationship between innovation, knowledge creation model, problem-solving capability, absorptive capacity, knowledge acquisition and assets. Data of this case study were taken from three dairy cooperations in Java. Analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Lisrel 8.72. The results revealed that several contributing factors (problem-solving capability, absorptive capacity, knowledge acquisition and assets) had significant effect on innovation. On the other hand, knowledge creation model had no significant effect on innovation in the context of the dairy cooperation in Indonesia. The implication for managers is that by focusing on externalization process in knowledge creation model within the organization. In the pattern of innovations, product innovation is the most important. Key words: innovation, knowledge creation, problem-solving capability, absorptive capacity, dairy cooperatio
Keasaman Cairan Tubuh dan Rasio Kelamin Anak Domba Garut (Ovis aries) yang Diberi Kation-Anion Ransum yang Berbeda
Get PDFThe objective of this research was to determine the effects of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on acidity of ration, blood, vaginal mucous, and urine, number of fetus, number of offspring, and offspring sex ratio. The treatments were rations with DCAD -28, -18, 0, +14, and +32 meq which were offered to 15 ewes. This research used randomized complete block design. There were three groups, (I) ewes previously had twin female offsprings; (II) ewes previously had twin male offsprings; and (III) ewes previously had twin male and female offsprings. Results of this study showed that there were no differences observed for blood\u27s pH, vaginal liquid\u27s pH, offspring number, and offspring sex ratio. Increasing DCAD affected ration\u27s pH, urine\u27s pH, and number of fetus for each ewe. Blood\u27s acidity was not affected by DCAD, but DCAD -28 meq reduced acid of blood, metabolic acidosis, and urine; the number of fetus and offspring. DCAD -28 meq might be anions excessive in the ration. DCAD 0 meq was relatively the best of ration because gave the normality of blood, metabolic, and urine, also relatively the highest of fetus and offspring. The offspring sex ratio related to vaginal mucose pH when artificial insemination was applied (r= 0.75) and ration\u27s pH (r=0.47). Ewes previously had twin female lambs gave the number of fetus and offspring sex ratio were 2.00+0.71 and 0%, respectively. Ewes previously had twin male lambs gave the number of fetus and offspring sex ratio were 2.80+1.30 and 15.00+8.50%, respectively. Ewes previously had twin male and female lambs gave the number of fetus and offspring sex ratio were 1.60+1.14 and 61.75+31.50%, respectively.Key words: DCAD, pH, offspring sex ratio, lamb, ew