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Storage Capacity and Palatability of Wafer Complete Ration Based on Sugar Cane Top and Bagasse on Calves
Get PDFSugar cane top and bagasse represent agricultural by product which is potential as feed. This research was aimed to study of physical characteristics of wafer complete ration containing sugar cane top and bagasse during storage for six weeks. The treatments were alocated in completely randomized factorial design. The treatments as factor A were R0=80% concentrate + 20% native grass; R1=concentrate 80% + 20% bagasse; R2=concentrate 80% + sugar cane top 10% + bagasse 10%; R3=concentrate 80% + 20% sugar cane top. Factor B was storage period i.e., B1=0 week; B2=2 weeks; B3=4 weeks; B4=6 weeks. The result showed that the wafer complete ration contained natural grass, sugar cane top and bagasse did not affect the specific density and water activity, but the water content was the highest (P < 0.01) in ration containing natural grasses. Storage for six weeks affected (P < 0.01) water content, density and specific density, but did not affect water activity. Wafer complete ration palatability containing grass and sugar cane top was more preferred than sugar cane top combined with bagasse or bagasse without combination. Key words: wafer complete ration, sugar cane top, bagasse, storage, calve
Sifat Listrik Telur Ayam Kampung Selama Penyimpanan
Get PDFStudy on eggs properties, based on electrical measurement (conductance and capacitance) was carried out using alternating current signal on frequency variation from 10 Hz to 100 kHz. The electrical properties correlated to physical properties of eggs i.e haugh unit, pH and viscosity. The albumen and yolk of native eggs, which were placed in the cell system from acrylic and electrode plate conductor of cuprum, were used as samples. Hi LCR Tester Hioki with dual probe (modified from four probes) was used to measure electrical properties of samples. This equipment was provided with fixed current source but varies in frequency. The conductance of yolk and albumen increased exponentially if frequency signal was boosted up. The electrical conductance range of albumen was higher than yolk on all frequencies. The capacitance property decreased if frequency signal was boosted up. The decrease was exponential especially at frequency under 100Hz. The albumen capacitance was lower than yolk. The viscosity of yolk and albumen during storage was decreasing. The value of pH was not affected. The pH of albumen was between 9 and 10, and yolk was about 6. Multiple regression method was used to get empiric equation of electrical conductance, capacitance, HU and viscosity. The best correlation between electrical parameter and physical properties is conductance equation of HU and viscosity at 1 kHz. Key words: electrical properties, conductance, capacitance, native chicken, eg
Efektivitas Anticestoda Ekstrak Daun Miana (Coleus blumei Bent) terhadap Cacing Hymenolepis microstoma pada Mencit
Get PDFColeus blumei is a herbal plant used in the traditional medicine in Indonesia to expel the intestinal worm infections. Previous in vitro study showed that ethanol extract had the strongest anticestode activity compared to chloroform, hexane and aquaous extracts. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectivity of anticestode of ethanol leaves extract againts Hymenolepis microstoma infections in mice. The plant extract was tested against H. microstoma infections in the single doses of 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg kg-1 body weight. Dose were administered to H. microstoma infected mice for 3 consecutive days. The efficacy of the leave extract was determined in terms of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) and worms reduction at necropsy. The results showed that the efficacy of leaves extract was dose dependent. The maximum efficacy of leave extract was observed with 2000 mg/kg dose reducing the EPG and worm counts by 55.46%-69.75% and 63.83% respectively. The standard anticestodal drug, praziquantel at 25 mg/kg single dose revealed 100% reduction in both of EPG and worm counts. The study suggests that the leaves extract of C. blumei possesses significant anticestodal efficacy and supports its use in traditional medicine. Key words: anticestode, Coleus blumei extract, Hymenolepis microstom
Kualitas Nutrisi Silase Berbahan Baku Singkong yang Diberi Enzim Cairan Rumen Sapi dan Leuconostoc mesenteroides
Get PDFThe aim of this experiment was to evaluate the nutrient quality of cassava-based materials silage with cattle rumen liquor enzymes and Leuconostoc mesenteroides as poultry feed. The cassava material was hydrolyzed with cattle rumen liquor enzyme and incubated for 24 hours. The hydrolyzed product was added L. mesenteroides and ensiled in mini silo for 30 days. The experiment was designed in completely randomized design with 15 treatments and 3 replications. The result showed that temperature of cassava-based silage ranged from 26 to 30 oC. The flavor was sour and fresh fragrant and changed in color. Addition of cattle rumen liquor enzyme and L. mesenteroides bacteria significantly affected (P < 0.05) pH (3.73-4.86), dry matter(30.14%-43.28%), cyanide (86.71%-96.50%) and crude fiber content (0.78%-5.05%), but gave a fluctuate effect on protein content (-1.92%-2.39%). However, the treatment didnot affect dry matter losses (1.20%-2.66%). It is concluded that nutrient quality of cassava-based silage improved when it was added with cattle rumen liquor enzymes and L. mesenteroides by decreasing crude fiber and cyanide content. The best silage quality was obtained on tuber substrate and it increased protein KDUO (peel+leaves+tuber+tapioca waste) silage. Key words: cassava-based silage, cattle rumen liquor enzymes, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, nutrient qualit
Ketersediaan Energi Ransum yang Mengandung Wheat Pollard Hasil Olahan Enzim Cairan Rumen yang Diproses Secara Steam Pelleting pada Ayam Broiler
Get PDFWheat pollard is a common feed ingredient, but its non starch polysaccharide component is still a limiting factor as an anti nutrition. The combination treatment of enzymes from rumen liquor (DE) and steam pelleting (SP), could change non-starch polysaccharide structure to be more digestible for broiler chicken. Twenty seven broiler chicken of 37 days old were divided into 27 experimental unit and randomly offered one of 9 treatments, that were R1 (DE 0 U/kg + 600C), R2 (DE 0 U/kg + 800C), R3 (DE 0 U/kg + 1000C), R4 (DE 620 U/kg + 600C), R5 (DE 620 U/kg + 800C), R6 (DE 620 U/kg + 1000C), R7 (DE 1.240 U/kg + 600C), R8 (DE 1.240 U/kg + 800C) and R9 (DE 1.240 U/kg + 1000C). The chicken have been fasted for 24 hours and fed by force feeding 30 g/head while water was offered ad libitum. Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AME), Nitrogen Corrected Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AMEn), True Metabolizable Energy (TME), Nitrogen Corrected True Metabolizable Energy (TMEn) and Nitrogen Retention were determined. Three chickens were used for collecting nitrogen and endogenous energy. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance according to completely randomized design with factorial 3x3 and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Enzymes dosage and steam treatment did not influence metabolizable energy (AME, AMEn, TME and TMEn) and nitrogen retention. Combination of enzymes (R4 and R8) and steam temperature treatment increased AME, AMEn, TME and TMEn but did not increase nitrogen retention. The result indicated that combination of enzymes at dosage of 620 U/kg with steam 600C treatment increased the metabolizable energy of wheat pollard based diets. Key words: liquor rumen enzymes, pelleting, energy, nitrogen, broile
Pengaruh Pemberian Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Rumput Setaria splendida Stapf yang Mengalami Cekaman Kekeringan
Get PDFThe limited water can cause drought stress, which can affect the growth and plant yield. One of the efforts to maintain plant water status under drought stress is by using mycorrhizal. The objective of this research was to assay the effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on growth and production of Setaria splendida under drought stress. The experiment was conducted in Laboratory of Agrostology greenhouse, Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University. The experiment was designed in completely randomized design with two factors (2 x 5) and 3 replications. The first factor was mycorrhizal treatment (Mo= without AMF, M1 = with AMF) and the second factor was level of soil water content (A1 = 100% of field capacity, A2 = 85% of field capacity, A3 = 70% of field capacity, A4 = 55% of field capacity, A5 = 40% of field capacity). The result showed that the effect of AMF inoculation was significantly increased (P < 0.05) dry weigth of shoot and very significantly (P < 0.01) leaf area and transpiration rate. The water treatment was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) vertical heigth, tiller number, dry weigth of shoot and root, transpiration rate, but significantly improved water used efficiency. The interaction effect between AMF and water treatment were not significantly different. The growth and plant production were decreased with lower of water content of soil. If compared between AMF treatment with non-AMF treatment, the growth dan plant production were better than AMF treatment. Key words: forage, Setaria splendida, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, drought stres
Kualitas Daging Babi dengan Pemberian Zeolit dan Tepung Darah Sebagai Sumber Protein dalam Ransum
Get PDFZeolite is a composite minerals from mining which can be used as a source of minerals in animal ration. It has high absorbability and cation exchange characteristics. This study was aimed to examine the influence of zeolit and blood meal in the pig ration on pork quality characterictics. The experiment used 27 crossbred pig comprising 19 gilts and 8 barrows, with initial weight of 25.29 + 2.67 kgs. They were set up in a completely randomized factorial design 3 x 3, where the first factor was zeolit levels (0, 3, and 6%) and the second factor was blood meal level (0, 5, and 10%). The results showed that there were no significant influence of zeolite, blood meal or their interaction on all meat quality characteristics including pH, water holding capacity, tenderness, color and intramuscular fat contents of pork, except the measurement at pH of six hours postmortem of the pork was significantly (P < 0.01) affected by blood meal level of the ration. Five percent (5%) blood meal in the ration gave the highest pH of pork compared to the other blood meal levels. Key words: pig, pork quality, zeolite, blood mea
Evaluasi Penggunaan Tepung Daun Pisang pada Periode Starter untuk Mendapatkan Pertumbuhan Kompensasi Ayam Broiler
Get PDFThe purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of banana leaf meal in diet (0-3 weeks) on compensatory growth of broiler (3-5 weeks). One hundred and twenty day old chick were fed one of three different treatment : P1 used 0 % banana leaf meal from 0-5 weeks (R1), P2 used 5 % banana leaf meal (R2) from 0-3 weeks and R1diet from 3-5 weeks and P3 used 10 % banana leaf meal (R3) from 0-3 weeks and R1 diet from 3-5 weeks. Each of experiment diets contained of 2900 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 21% crude protein. Completely Randomized Design was used in this experiment. The results showed that feeding with banana leaf meal at 0-3 weeks significantly (P < 0.01) reduced feed intake, and body weight gain (P < 0.05). Recovery periods (3-5 weeks) did not show the compensatory growth because of significantly reduced (P < 0.05) feed intake and body weight gain. Conclusion showed that effect of banana leaf meal in diet (0-3 weeks) on compensatory growth of broiler (3-5 weeks) could not maximize final body weight. Key words: banana leaf meal, compensatory growth, broile
Pengaruh Pemberian Mulsa Chromolaena odorata (L.) Kings and Robins pada Kandungan Mineral P dan N Tanah Latosol dan Produktivitas Hijauan Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Get PDFCorn is used as foodstuff and industrially utilized feed as a potential ingredient in animal ration. Green forage, baby corn and its cobs are used also as ruminants feed. Application of Chromolaena odorata on latosol as mulch material is expected to improve corn production by contributing organic nutrition. The objectives of this research were to recognize the effect of Chromolaena odorata on production and quality of green forage of high density corn, and to observe the contribution of phosphorous mineral from decomposition of Chromolaena odorata in the ground. This research was divided into two steps of experiment. The first experiment, consisted of two levels of treatments, i.e.: with and without Chromolaena odorata (12 ton/ha). The plants were fertilized with 60 kg K/ha and 225 kg N/ha. Plant was harvested at 40 days after planting. In the second experiment, corns were cultivated in the same area and the application of mulch (12 ton/ha) and P (60 kg/ha). Mulch increased significantly vertical height but there was no effect on production of green forage, mineral content in crop and uptake of P and N. In the second experiment, mulch addition improved vertical height of the crop, fresh and dry weight of green forage, content of P and N on the tissues of crop and also uptake of P and N between two treatments were not significant. Application of Chromolaena odorata mulch (2x12 ton/ha) was similar as the addition of P anorganic (60 kg/ha) in improving growth, production and quality of green forage of corn. In this research, the mulch improved the content of mineral P and N in the soil. Key words: mulch, Chromolaena odorata, mineral P, cor
Daya Pintal dan Kekuatan Benang Bulu Domba Priangan dan Peranakan Merino
Get PDFPriangan sheep is a native sheep of Indonesia and considered as a hair sheep. Its main product is meat. Recently, the Priangan sheep is crossed with a Merino sheep to produce the Priangan-Merino crossbred. Since the Merino sheep is considered as a wool sheep, it is expected that the Priangan-Merino sheep will have a better quality of wool than the Priangan sheep. To measure the wool improvement of the Priangan-Merino crossbred, an experiment was conducted. Fifteen Priangan sheeps and 15 Merino crossbreds were used in this experiment. The spinning count and wool yarn staple length were measured. The experimental statistics and the design of the experiment was completely ramdomized design. The results indicated that staple strength of wool yarn of Priangan was not significantly different with that of Merino cross. Spinning count was significantly different (P < 0.01) between breed. Key words : Yarn, Priangan and Merino cross, staple strenght, spinning coun