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Increasing Laying Performances and Egg Vitamin A Content Through Zinc Oxide and Phytase Enzyme Supplementation
Get PDFTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan performan ayam petelur dan kandungan vitamin A dalam telur ayam yang diproduksi dari ayam yang diberi ransum berkadar asam fitat tinggi yang berasal dari dedak padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 162 ekor ayam petelur strain ISA-Brown umur 18 minggu dan dipelihara sampai umur 33 minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan 3 ulangan, masing-masing ulangan terdiri atas 6 ekor ayam. Faktor pertama (A) adalah suplementasi Zn dalam bentuk ZnO (0, 252 dan 567 mg ZnO/kg ransum), faktor kedua (B) adalah suplementasi enzim fitase (0, 300 dan 400 unit fitase/kg ransum). Data performan ayam petelur dianalisis sidik ragam (analyses of variance/ANOVA), sedangkan data vitamin A dalam telur dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi ZnO maupun enzim fitase dalam ransum tidak mempengaruhi produksi telur hen day, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum dan berat telur. Suplementasi ZnO maupun enzim fitase dalam ransum meningkatkan kandungan vitamin A dalam telur. Telur ayam yang diberi ransum dengan perlakuan suplementasi 252 mg ZnO/kg ransum mengandung vitamin A paling tinggi. Kata kunci : asam fitat, fitase, zinc, vitamin A, ayam petelu
Pengaruh Konformasi Butt Shape terhadap Karakteristik Karkas Sapi Brahman Cross pada Beberapa Klasifikasi Jenis Kelamin
Get PDFDomestic demand on beef is increasing today. However the beef supply can not fulfil the demand so that importation of beef and feeder cattle is still required. Beef cattle feedloting is now growing in Indonesia. This research was done to study the growth and development of carcass components of beef carcas from Brahman Cross cattle. The number of animals used was 165 heads with the body weight range 350 - 400 kg taken from feedlot fattening. The experiment was set in completely randomized factorial design withh two factors, namely butt shape conformation (butt shape score D, C, B) and sex class (heifer, steer, cow). Parameter of carcass characteristic, i.e. carcass weight, carcass percentage, loin eye area, fat thickness of ribs 12th, fat percentage of kidney, pelvic and hearth, and fat thickness of rump P8.The result of this study showed that the increase of butt shape conformation score significantly increased loin eye area, especially in heifer and cow sex class. Key words: butt shape conformation, carcass characteristic, Brahman cross cattle, sex clas
Analisis Manajemen Mutu Terpadu di PT Madu Pramuka Cibubur Jakarta Timur
Get PDFThe study was conducted to determine the critical component of a Total Quality Management (TQM) Program. The objectives of this research were: (1) identifying the problems of TQM implementation and, (2) analyzing of TQM performace in PT Madu Pramuka. Data were collected from PT Madu Pramuka through an expert survey instrument. Data analysis was done through Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Results of this study indicated that the most important problem was the quality of raw material (honey) which were still under the standard. This is due to limited honey quality control tools. The TQM performance was not satisfying because it was only storage and packaging division used standard as the critical component of TQM. Key words: Total Quality Management, honey, expert survey, Analytical Hierarchy Proce
Peningkatan Performa Ayam Broiler dengan Suplementasi Daun Salam [Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp] Sebagai Antibakteri Escherichia coli
Get PDFThe objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of bay leaves (S. polyanthum (Wight) Walp) used in the diet as E. coli antibacteria in improving broiler performances. This experiment used 180 day old chicks (DOC) of Cobb strain which were kept in litter system for five weeks. The experiment used completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications consisting of 10 broilers in each replication. The treatment diets were R0 = control diet, R1 = R0 infected with E. coli, R2 = R1 + 1% bay leaves, R3 = R1 + 2% bay leaves, R4 = R1 + 3% bay leaves, R5 = R1 + antibiotic. The data were analyzed with analysis of variance. The variables observed were feed consumption, body weight gain, final body weight, feed conversion ratio, mortality, and total colony of E. coli in broiler excreta. The results showed that the use of bay leaves up to 3% in the ration increased broiler performance by increasing feed consumption and body weight gain, depressing the number of E. coli in excreta, and reducing mortality compared to the other treatments, but it did not affect the feed conversion ratio. Key words: bay leaves, antibacteria, E. coli, broiler performanc
Keragaman Genetik DNA Mikrosatelit dan Hubungannya dengan Performa Bobot Badan pada Domba Lokal
Get PDFThe objectives of this study were to evaluate polymorphism of microsatellite DNA through the investigation of microsatellite loci of CSSM18, ILST54 and IDVGA30 and its possible association with body weight of local sheeps. A total of 266 head of DNA samples was collected from 8 local sheep populations, i.e. Garut fighting type from Ciomas-Bogor (25); Garut meat type from Margawati-Garut (29); thin tail sheep (TTS) from Jonggol-Bogor (33); and fat tail sheep (FTSs) from Indramayu (40), Madura (34), Sumbawa (26), Rote (35) and Donggala (44). Genetic polymorphism among groups of local sheep was calculated in frequency of alleles and genotypes. Association between genotypes and body weight was calculated by general linear model (GLM). Results showed that three loci showed high polymorphisms. CSSM18 locus had 12 genotypes with the highest frequency for CC (46,15%) then for AC (25,64%); whilst frequency of the other 10 genotypes providing AA, AE, BB, BC, BD, BE, CD, CE, DD and EE were less than 7%. IDVGA30 locus had 9 genotypes with three highest frequencies for DD (39,10%), CC (37,97%) and BB (10,90%); while the other 6 genotypes were less than 6 %. ILST54 locus had 8 genotypes with three highest frequencies for AA (39,85%), BB (21,43%) and BC (18,05%) respectively. It could be verified that local sheep possessing typical genotypes of CE in CSSM18 locus and CD in IDVGA30 locus was apparently related with a higher body weight compared to another genotypes; on the contrary, those possessing DD genotypes in ILSTS54 was seemingly associated with a lower body weight. Key words: local sheep, microsatellite DNA, genotypes, body weigh
Pemberian Tepung Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) dalam Ransum Sebagai Bahan Antibakteri Escherichia coli terhadap Organ Dalam Ayam Broiler
Get PDFThe objective of the present experiment was to evaluate the utilization of bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.) in the diets as antibacterial agent and its effect on the weight viscera organ of broilers. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications. One hundred and eighty birds of five week-old broiler were used in the present experiment, and thirty six birds were decapitated to measure the weight of viscera. On day four, experimental animals were divided into six group of treatments and were provided standard diet. The treatments were as follows, Escherichia coli (E.coli)-uninfected broiler without bay leaf (R0/positive control goup), E. coli-infected broiler without bay leaf (R1/negative control group), R1 + 1% bay leaf (R2), R1 + 2% bay leaf (R3), R1 + 3% bay leaf (R4), and R1 + 0.02% tetracycline (R5). The results showed that weight percentage of liver, spleen, heart, pancrease, bile and intestine were not affected by the addition of 1, 2 and 3% bay leaf (R2,R3 and R4) as compared to those of R0, R1 and R5. However, gizzard percentage of broiler given 3% bay leaf (R4) increased (P < 0.01) to the value same as that of R0 (2.31 vs 2.71%). The highly significant (P < 0.01) increased in weight percentage of kidney was also found due to the treatments, and the increase was significant (P < 0.05) when R5 compared to R2 and R4. The addition of 2% (R3) and 3% (R4) bay leaf and 0.02% tetracycline (R5), as compared to R0, R1 and R2, could depress the number of E. coli in the excreta. In conclusion, the addition of bay leaf up to 3% was able to minimize the number of E. coli in excreta without negatively affecting weight of viscera of broiler chickens. Key words: Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp., tetracycline, Escherichia coli, viscer
Penggunaan Follicle Stimulating Hormone dan Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin untuk Superovulasi pada Sapi Persilangan Brahman
Get PDFTwenty cattle were used in this experiment to determine the effect of administration follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) hormones on superovulation of Brahman cross cattle. The experiment was designed into completely randomized design with 5 treatments as follows. Treatments 1 (T1): 4 mg of FSH was injected twice a day intra-ovary, T2: 8 mg of FSH was injected twice a day intra-ovary, T3: 300 IU of PMSG was injected single dose intra-ovary, T4: 600 IU of PMSG was injected single dose intra-ovary, T5: 40 mg of FSH was injected intramuscular. All experimental cattle were oestrus synchronized using 15 mg of PGF2α twice at 11-days intervals. Number of corpus luteum (CL) was detected by rectal palpation at day-7 after artificial insemination. Results showed that 19 cattle (95%) indicated oestrus sign. Eleven cattle (57.9%) showed oestrus sign 2 days after PGF2α injection and the rest 8 cattle (42.1%) oestrus sign was detected at 3 days after PGF2α injection. FSH and PMSG treatments increased significantly (P < 0.05) number of CL. The highest CL number was found in T5, meanwhile number of CL in T2 and T4 were higher compared to T1 and T3. The average treatment effect could produce 6.8±5.42 CL with range 2–26 CL. On the other hand single dose treatment of 600 IU PMSG (T4) showed high significant number of non ovulatory (persistent) follicle compared to other treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T5) on average number of persistent follicle 2.0±1.97 from 19 cattles. It is concluded that the best superovulation treatment was produced by injection 40 mg of FSH intra-musculary. Key words: Brahman cross, corpus luteum, PMSG, FS
The Effect of Comic Book’s Story Character and Color on Farmers’ Knowledge Gain About Small Sheep Farm Management in Kulur, District of Majalengka, West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFWhat kind of comic book’s character was best suited to small sheep farmers, what was their preferred color, and what were the combined effects of such characters and color on the farmers’ knowledge about small sheep farm management? These questions directed researchers to design a 2x2 factorial quasi experimental study. Four farmer groups were involved in the study. The results indicated that the comic book characters’ effect on the farmers’ knowledge gains was highly significant; the comic book’s color effect on the farmers’ knowledge gains was also significant, and the combined effect of the comic book’s character and colors was not significant. Further tests demonstrated that the farmer group exposed to the colored comic book with human character performed much better than the other three groups in the posttests. So, the conclusion was that farmers preferred the colored comic book with human character to learn the small sheep farm management. Key words: comic book, story character, color, sheep management, farmer’s knowledg
Penghambatan Proliferasi Limfosit Mencit Balb/c oleh Ekstrak Testis Sapi Bali: Peran TGF-β
Get PDFTestis extract (ET) of several animals such as rats, mice, boars, and bulls, has been reported able to suppress lymphocyte proliferation. In order to elucidate if ET of bali cattle has the suppressive activity, the present study was conducted. ET was isolated aseptically from the testis of bali cattle slaughtered at a slaughter house in Mataram, Lombok. After decapsulating, the testis were minced, homogenized (1 g tissue per 3 ml phosphate buffered saline, PBS, pH 7.2). The ET (40, 20, and 10µg/ml) was added on to lymphocytes isolated from Balb/c spleen, then cultured for 72 hours in RPMI media containing 10% foetal bovine serum in 96 well plates with the concentration of 250,000 cells per well, with- or without concanavalin A (10 µg/ml), or IL-2 (0.2 ng/ml). After 72 h of culture, cell proliferation was examined by colorimetric assay. The results showed that bali cattle ET were able to suppress the proliferation of lymphocytes in vitro through the process of apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that bali cattle ET contain TGF-β1. The suppression effects of the ET were eliminated by anti-TGF-β1 antibody. It can be concluded that ET of bali cattle expressed TGF-β which inhibited lymphocyte proliferation through an apoptotic cell mechanism. The actual roles of TGF-β in the bali cattle testis need to be elucidated further. Key words: bali cattle testis, lymphocyte, proliferation, TGF-β1, apoptosi
Response of Two Different Strains of Commercial Broilers to Different Dietary Amino Acid Allowance
Get PDFThe response of Cobb and Ingham strain commercial broilers to a range of dietary amino acids in a factorial experiment (2 strains x 2 sexes x 3 dietary treatments) with 3 replicates was evaluated. A total of 180 birds was sexed and weighed at one-day-old and randomly distributed to 36 brooders. Summit (246 g CP and 16.8 g lysine/kg) and dilution (120 g CP and 6.0 g lysine/kg) diets were prepared in isocaloric at 3100 kcal ME/kg. The estimated dietary level of crude protein for all birds at day-old was 240 g/kg and at 42 days were 120, 140 or 160 g/kg for females or 140, 160 or 180 g/kg for males. Body composition was measured at 42 days. Results revealed that strain Cobb males and females had a higher daily intake than Ingham, but Cobb females were less efficient in converting feed to weight gain than that of Ingham. The quantitative differences did not exist between genotypes, crude protein and lysine. Daily gain and feed utilization efficiency in both sexes were highest in group receiving the high protein diet. Lysine requirement was 14.58 g lysine /kg diet and 12.96 g/kg higher than NRC recommendation (1.05 % or 10.5 g/kg) for maximum breast meat and lowest abdominal fat. Key words: lysine, summit, dilution, breast meat, abdominal fa