Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
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Effect of 4% and 15% moringa leaf extract gel on gingival wound healing in rats
No full textTraumatic dental procedures such as incisions and gingival flaps are the leading causes of injury to the gingival structure. One of natural ingredients that can potentially accelerate the wound healing process is Moringa leaves Moringa oleifera). Moringa leaf has several active compounds, one of which is flavonoids, which can be an antiinflammatory and antibacterial agent, and increase collagen synthesis. A randomized posttest-only control-group design was used in this study. 48 wistar rats were categorized into four groups: CMC-Na gel, hyaluronic acid, 4% Moringa leaf extract gel, and 15% Moringa leaf extract gel. The samples were then euthanized on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. The two-way ANOVA test described significant differences (p < 0.05) for all the components of the observation (neutrophils, fibroblasts, angiogenesis, and epithelial thickness). The lowest mean number of neutrophils, the highest mean number of fibroblasts, and the highest mean of angiogenesis were found in the 15% Moringa extract group on the 7th day. The highest mean epithelial thickness was found in the use of 4% Moringa extract on the 5thday. The microscopic images showed that the treatment group gained more effective wound healing processes than the control group. The microscopic image showed that, in terms of neutrophils, fibroblasts, and angiogenesis, 15% Moringa extract was more effective for wound healing compared to 4% Moringa extract
Effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation with protein realimentation in osteoblast and osteoclast of the maxilla of breastfed malnourished rat infants
No full textChild malnutrition can happen because of lack of nutrition during pregnancy. Malnutrition can cause low birth weight in babies. This can cause jaw and alveolar bone abnormalities that can lead to malocclusion, periodontitis, and others. This condition can affect bone cells, such as osteoblast and osteoclast. Vitamin D3 supplementation accompanied by protein realimentation may promote optimum bone growth. This research aims to investigate the effect of protein realimentation and vitamin D3 on osteoblast and osteoclast of malnourished rat pups’ maxilla. In this research, the rat pups were divided into 5 groups: a positive control group (K+), a negative control group (K-), and 3 treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3). The subjects of this research were 10 male and 30 female Wistar rats. A condition of malnutrition was induced in the rat pups and they were given vitamin D3 supplementation with protein realimentation. Rat pups in each group were euthanized on the 22nd day to observe the number of osteoclast and osteoblast in the maxilla. The results showed that the number of osteoblasts between normal and malnourished rats was significantly different (p value < 0.05), but the number of osteoclasts between rats in the control and treatment groups was not significantly different. Administration of vitamin D3 may affect the number of osteoblasts and may not affect the number of osteoclasts on bone. The effective dose of vitamin D3 is 0.36 IU/day
Differences in Candida Albicans hydrophobicity and biofilm formation between thermoplastic nylon and polyether-ether-ketone denture base materials
No full textPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) and thermoplastics nylon are extensively composed as an alternative material for removable denture base. The primary difference between the two materials is associated with water absorption properties. The two materials interact with saliva and microorganisms during application in the oral cavity. Candida is predominantly reported in the cavity. The microorganism is distinguished by its hydrophobicity and ability to form biofilms. The objective of this study was to determine the differences between thermoplastic nylon and polyether-ether-ketone as removable denture materials in terms of hydrophobicity and Candida albicans biofilms. It is a laboratory experiment using 20 5 x 2 mm samples for the hydrophobicity test and Candida albicans biofilm. The hydrophobicity test was performed by determining the contact angle with a Goniometer and the WinDrop++ software. The biofilm test samples were divided into 4 groups, encompassing PEG 5% (negative control), PEEK treatment, thermoplastics nylon, and 0.12% chlorhexidine (control positive). The microdilution method was employed to examine biofilm formation. The results of the study were interpreted, and the data were analyzed by employing the t test. The research discovered significant differences in biofilm formation, large contact angle on PEEK and thermoplastics nylon (p < 0.05). Biofilm formation on thermoplastics is significantly larger than PEEK (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the contact angles of PEEK and thermoplastic nylon are incorporated in the partially wetted. Polyetheretherketone is involved in the non-producers of biofilms while thermoplastic nylon is categorized in of weak biofilm formers
An Inhibition effect of immersion in effervescent garlic ethanol extract (Allium sativum L.) against Staphylococcus aureus growth on heat cured acrylic
No full textDenture stomatitis is an infection of the mucosa caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) accumulating on the denture. Garlic (Allium sativum) contains antibacterial compounds that can be used as an alternative denture cleanser. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition effect of immersion in effervescent garlic ethanol extract (Allium sativum) against Staphylococcus aureus growth on heat cured acrylic dental plate. This research was a laboratory experiment in vitro using 40%, 50%, and 60% effervescent garlic ethanol extract. The samples were 12 pieces (n = 12) of heat cured acrylic plates which were divided into 3 treatment groups then incubated in S. aureus suspension for 24 hours and then immersed in an effervescent garlic ethanol extract for 6 hours. Bacterial colonies were counted using a colony counter and the data were analyzed using the One-way ANOVA and LSD Post hoc tests. The statistical analysis showed that the number of S. aureus colonies decreased along with an increased concentration of garlic ethanol extract. The results of the analysis showed that the 60% effervescent garlic ethanol extract had a significantly lower mean number of colonies compared to the 40% and 50% effervescent garlic ethanol extracts (p ≤ 0.05). This research concluded that effervescent garlic ethanol extract prevented the growth of S. aureus on the heat cured acrylic dental plate
Radiographic analysis of teeth calcification of breastfed rat cubs of mothers consuming excessive Arabica coffee
No full textLack of nutrient intake, especially calcium, can inhibit tooth development because calcium is the major component of the inorganic material that forms enamel and dentin. Caffeine in coffee can decrease calcium levels in the body. Arabica coffee has a very high caffeine content compared to other types of coffee. Excessive caffeine consumption can cause the inhibition of PTH secretion. As a result, the nursing mother's body cannot absorb calcium optimally. This makes the baby lack calcium intake which is used for the dental calcification process. This study analyzes radiographic images of tooth calcification of rat cubs during lactation period from rat mothers which consumed excess doses of Arabica coffee. Forty-eight breastfeeding rat mothers (n = 48) were divided into a control group and a treatment group. The control group consisted of 24 rat mothers that were given aquadest. The treatment group consisted of 24 nursing rat mothers, which were given coffee orally at a dose of 2.7 grams/200 grams/day. After the rat mothers gave birth (H + 1 to H + 18), every 4 rat cubs were euthanized, then the mandibular bones were X-rayed. Dental calcification was viewed and analyzed based on radiographic images. The teeth of rat cubs whose mothers consumed excess doses of Arabica coffee experienced a delay in the calcification stage compared to the teeth of normal rat cubs. Consumption of Arabica coffee by nursing mothers can cause a delay in the stage of dental calcification in rat cubs
The effect of motivation and work environment on the performance of dental and oral therapists in dental hospitals in Yogyakarta
No full textDental and oral therapists are medical workers who work in dental hospitals and play an important role in improving dental and oral health with members of work teams, such as dentists and other medical workers. Factors which influence their performance include motivation and work environment. The present study aims to determine the relation between motivation and work environment of dental and oral therapists working in dental hospitals. The present study was mix method research with explanatory sequential design and used total sampling method. The research subjects were 30 dental and oral therapist respondents who worked in 2 dental hospitals. A total of 19 participants worked at Prof. Soedomo Dental Hospital of Universitas Gadjah Mada, while eleven participants worked at Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta University Dental Hospital. The independent variables were motivation and physical and non-physical work environments. The dependent variable was performance of dental and oral therapist. The measurement was a questionnaire about motivation, and physical and non-physical work environments. Data analysis was conducted using a quantitative parametric measure of Pearson’s correlation test because the data was normally distributed, while qualitative analysis used interview. We found that there was no relation between motivation and performance (p > 0.05), no relation between non-physical work environment and performance (p > 0.05), and no relation between physical work environment and performance (p > 0.05). Qualitative results based on interviews with the dental and oral therapists showed that they had high motivation because they were proud, and they had good perception of the non-physical work environment due to solid work team. They also had good perception of the physical work environment because it was comfortable and had good facilities. Overall, motivation and work environment do not affect the performance of dental and oral therapists working in dental hospitals
Comparison Effect of Leaves and Bark Extract of Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra), Sappan (Caesalpinia sappan), and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) to Reduce Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation
No full textTo evaluate the effect of eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaf and bark extract on the percentage of S. mutans biofilm formation. The test group was divided into a negative control (1% Dimethyl sulfoxide), a treatment group (eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaves and bark at concentrations of 50%, 25%, and 12.5%, respectively), and a positive control (0.2% chlorhexidine). Each concentration of eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaves and barks extract, Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI-B), bacteria according to the McFarland 0.5 standard, a positive control, and a negative control were added to a 96-well microplate. They were incubated at 37 °C for twenty-four hours before being rinsed with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and stained with 0.1% crystal violet. The optical density was then measured using a microplate reader with a 540 nm wavelength. The absorbance value is then factored into the percentage of bacterial adhesion inhibition formula. A statistical test revealed a significant difference (p 0.05) with the positive control. Eucalyptus, sappan, cinnamon leaves and barks at a concentration of 50% demonstrated effectiveness of the extractant in inhibiting the formation of biofilm masses by S. mutans in comparison with the other group
Implementation of teledentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic at Bandung community health centers
No full textTeledentistry has gained an increasing popularity among dentists as an alternative innovative solution to minimize the risk of the transmission of COVID-19 and other infections. Dentists at the Bandung community health center have started implementing teledentistry since the government issued a reference for dental and oral health services during the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of teledentistry in community health centers based on the references issued by the government. The population consisted of dentists who implemented teledentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Bandung community health centers. There were 26 respondents as the research samples who were selected using a non-probability sampling technique. This was cross-sectional descriptive research which used an online questionnaire regarding the implementation of teledentistry based on the Technical Guidelines for Dental and Oral Health Services from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. The implementation of teledentistry includes teleconsultation, telediagnosis, teletriage, telemonitoring, teleeducation, communication tools, provision of prescriptions and referrals, service fees, and medical records. The data analysis was carried out by presenting the results of the teledentistry implementation, namely the types of teledentistry implemented by the dentists were teleconsultation 100%, telediagnosis 92.3%, teletriage 76.9%, telemonitoring 7.7%, teleeducation 92.3%; 100% carried out teledentistry via short messages, 76.9% had given prescriptions, and 80.7% had given referrals, 84.6% did not charge any service fee, and only 57.6% recorded medical records. The implementation of the teledentistry services during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Bandung Community Health Centers has not been optimal because the regulation has not been well socialized. In addition, there has been no legal certainty and laws governing teledentistry in Indonesia
Differences in injectable platelet-rich fibrin fraction of peripheral blood on the release of TGF-β1 and PDGF-AB
No full textInjectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) refers to second-generation platelet concentrate. In this study, the results of i-PRF centrifugation were fractionated into three layers: yellow i-PRF, buffy coat, and red i-PRF. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin fractions used in this study were yellow i-PRF, red i-PRF, and a mix of both. This study aimed to examine the level of growth factor release of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in yellow i-PRF, red i-PRF, and a mix of yellow i-PRF and red i-PRF with the ratio of 1:1. A total of 10 ml of peripheral blood from healthy female donors was centrifuged (at 700 rpm in 3 minutes) to obtain i-PRF and fractionated into three layers. The upper yellow layer was taken as yellow i-PRF, while the bottom red layer was taken as red i-PRF and was taken together with the middle layer (buffy coat). The release of TGF-β1 and PDGF in each of i-PRF fractionation method, i.e. yellow i-PRF, red i-PRF, and a mix of yellow i-PRF and red i-PRF with a ratio of 1:1 was measured with ELISA. The measurement was observed for 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, and 14 days. Data analysis used the two-way ANOVA test with a significance level of 0.05 and a post hoc LSD analysis to establish group significance. The group of yellow + red i-PRF significantly released PDGF-AB (p < 0.05). TGF-β1 was the highest of all groups on day 14. All groups showed an increase in growth factor release from time to time. The fractionation method of injectable platelet-rich fibrin affected the release of growth factor of PDGF-AB and TGF-β1. The highest release of PDGF-AB and TGF-β1 was found in the yellow + red i-PRF group with a ratio of 1:1 in the 14-day group, which was significant with the other two groups (p < 0.05)
In vitro evaluation of coenzyme Q10 on primary fibroblast culture
No full textChronic inflammation in periodontitis results in continuous production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), so the levels are excessive, causing destruction of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone through a variety of mechanisms including DNA damage and the formation of proinflammatory cytokine. One way to prevent periodontal tissue damage caused by excessive ROS formation is by administering antioxidants. Coenzyme Q10 is a powerful antioxidant that is beneficial for inhibiting free radicals to prevent the progression of periodontal tissue destruction and accelerate healing processes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fibroblast proliferation of the combination of Coenzyme Q10 and vegetable glycerin compared to PerioQ. Materials used were made of original Coenzyme Q10 dissolved in glycerin that was prepared in a ratio of 2:8 and 1:9, and Perio Q as the control. Each group consisted of six samples (n = 6). Primary fibroblasts were derived from healthy gingival tissue. Observations on day-1, -3, and -5 using MTT assay at a wavelength of 550nm. Statistical analysis used a Two-Way ANOVA test followed by a Post Hoc test. The experiment showed the absorbance values were high in all the groups, the highest value was on day 3, namely Coenzyme Q10 at a concentration of 2:8, followed by Coenzyme Q10 at a concentration of 1:9, and PerioQ. The statistical tests showed significant differences in the 3 groups (p < 0.05). It is concluded that Coenzyme Q10 in 1:9 and 2:8 concentrations were both as viable as Perio Q towards primary gingival fibroblast culture.