Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
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Molecular docking of noni fruit extract (M. citrifolia L.) active compound as a radiation protection agent: a bioinformatic approach
No full textNoni fruit (M. citrifolia L.) is a medicinal plant known for its antioxidant bioactive compounds, which have potential use as radiation protection agents. Despite their traditional use, the specific bioactive compounds and their efficacy as radiation protectants have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to address this research gap by evaluating the potential of noni fruit extract as a candidate for radiation protection using in-silico methods. Databases consulted include PubChem, PASS Online, and ProTox-II. The results identified nine bioactive compounds in noni fruit extract: quercetin, kaempferol, morindin, morindone, alizarin, nicotinamide, beta-sitosterol, squalene, and n-hexadecanoic acid. Among these, kaempferol, squalene, and n-hexadecanoic acid were found to be the most potent antioxidants. Kaempferol exhibited a low toxicity level (grade 5) with significant activity as an antioxidant (Pa ≥ 0.7), free radical scavenger (Pa ≥ 0.7), and radioprotector (Pa 0.3 – 0.7). Squalene, a triterpene with low toxicity (class 5), showed antioxidant activity (Pa 0.3 – 0.7), free radical scavenger activity (Pa 0.3 – 0.7), and radioprotection (Pa 0.3 – 0.7). n-Hexadecanoic acid, a metabolite with moderate toxicity (class 4), demonstrated lower antioxidant activity (Pa ≤ 0.3), while morindin exhibited free radical scavenging and radioprotective properties. The findings suggest that kaempferol, squalene, and n-hexadecanoic acid in noni fruit extract hold promise as candidates for radiation protection, as evidenced by in-silico analysis
Viability of 7F2 pre-osteoblast after Sulawesi stingless bee (Tetragonula biroi) 1% propolis nanoemulsion extraction
No full textProduced by a stingless bee (Tetragonula biroi) from Sulawesi Island, propolis is an active compound that requires further studies to determine its herbal-based medicinal applications. In addition, propolis is well known as a potential natural ingredient for herbal medicine with minimal side effects. The stingless honeybee, native to Sulawesi, produces propolis, a resin. Propolis from Trigona stingless bees in Sulawesi has the highest flavonoid content compared to Apis mellifera bees. Flavonoids are the most common compounds contained in propolis. Propolis from stingless bees may have the potential to stimulate osteoblast cell proliferation and be responsible for bone regeneration. The objective of this study is to investigate the viability of the 7F2 pre-osteoblast cell line after administration of the stingless bee’s 1% propolis nanoemulsion extract (PNE). A 1% PNE was formulated by maceration methods and diluted into several concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, 1.56%, and 0.78%. A particle size analysis was done to examine the particle size and zeta potential of the 1% PNE. A Tetrazolium Technique assay was carried out to examine 1% PNE application on a 7F2 pre-osteoblast cell line on days 1, 3, and 7. The highest viability of 7F2 pre-osteoblast cells was at 0.78% concentration on day 7, and the lowest viability was observed at 100% concentration on day 1, with significant differences among groups (p < 0.05). A 1% PNE with a particle size of 151.28 to 182.2 nm and a zeta potential of −32.76 mV was successfully formulated. The 1% PNE was non-toxic to 7F2 pre-osteoblast cells, with a cell toxicity limit at a concentration of 1.56%
Enhancing esthetics from growth modification
No full textAlteration of maxillary growth, improvement in mandibular growth and position, and change in dental and muscular relationships, especially changing in esthetic profile are the expected results of myofunctional appliances. The use of Bionator appliance is a widely used myofunctional appliance for the management of Class II malocclusion. A normal and healthy Indonesian boy aged 12 years and 2 months old was motivated for treatment for protruded maxillary anterior teeth and retrognathic mandibular. He was introverted and had poor self-esteem despite his normal medical history. He had a Class II Division 1 malocclusion with a 10 mm overjet, normal overbite, with an SNA of 92.89°, SNB of 85.32°, ANB of 7.52°, and a facial angle of 88.11°. He was in mixed dentition stage with all his permanent teeth available and ready to erupt. The patient was treated in two phases: phase I to correct the skeletal discrepancy using Bionator appliance and phase II to correct the tooth discrepancy using fixed appliance. At the end of phase I treatment, or 10 months of wearing Bionator appliance, the patient’s mandible was positioned forward with the ANB angle reduced from 7.56° to 2.30°, and the profile was greatly improved. His molar and canine relationship was Class I. His profile became straight and more favorable. Early treatment using functional appliance therapy can reduce the severity of Class II skeletal pattern and instant change in facial and dental appearance in growing patients
Effectiveness of dental and oral health counseling using traditional folklore video media on knowledge in 8-9-year-old children
No full textOral health problems among elementary school children are still very common. One of the contributing factors is behavior in maintaining oral hygiene. Behavior is established from knowledge which will then stimulate changes in attitudes and practice. Efforts to enhance knowledge in children can be achieved through counseling. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of oral health counseling using traditional folklore video media on knowledge in children aged 8-9 years. This was quasi-experimental research with a two group pre-test and post-test design. Sampling was conducted using multistage cluster random sampling with a total sample of 112 children aged 8-9 years in elementary schools. The sample was divided into 2 groups: 56 children using traditional folklore video as the intervention group and 56 children using conventional video as the control group. Knowledge variables were measured using a questionnaire; most of the data were not normally distributed so data analysis was carried out using the Mann-Whitney U Test. The results of the difference analysis using the Mann-Whitney U Test at pre-post 2 showed a significant increase in knowledge in both groups. The median knowledge score of the traditional folklore video group showed a greater increase compared to the conventional video group by 13 (6.6 - 20) (p < 0.001). This study concluded that oral health counseling using traditional folklore video is more effective in increasing oral health knowledge in children aged 8-9 years compared to conventional video media.
The effect of titanium dioxide filler on soft liners on Candida albicans growth and surface hardness
No full textSoft liners are recommended in denture stomatitis, yet they are prone to microorganism colonization. Modification of soft liners can be done by adding titanium dioxide (TiO2) because they induce photocatalytic production and increase the physical strength of the material. This research aims to examine the effect of adding (TiO2) filter in soft liners on the growth of Candida albicans and surface hardness. This research used disc-shaped soft liners with 2 sizes: 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness for the mold growth test and 10 mm in diameter and 6mm in thickness for surface hardness. Each of the 24 samples was divided into 4 groups: groups I, II, and III with the addition of (TiO2) at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively, and group IV acting as the control group without (TiO2). Test of the growth of Candida albicans used dilution method, and calculations were made with a colony counter. Test of surface hardness used a durometer, and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD. The results showed that among the groups, group III demonstrated the lowest growth of Candida albicans (7.67±2.25 x103CFU/mL), while group IV exhibited the highest growth (21.33±4.63 x103CFU/ml). The results of the ANOVA test showed that the addition of TiO2 had a significant effect on the growth of Candida albicans (p < 0.05). In the LSD test, there were significant differences between the control group and all of the treatment groups. In the surface hardness test, the highest was observed in group III (29.92 ± 1.52 HA), and the lowest was in group IV (23.08 ± 2.6 HA). The results of the ANOVA test indicated the effect of adding (TiO2) on the hardness of the soft liners (p < 0.05). The LSD test showed significant differences between the control group and all of the treatment groups. The addition of 0.5%-2% (TiO2) concentrations to soft liners inhibited the growth of Candida albicans, while the 0.5% concentration showed the smallest change in surface hardness
A qualitative study on maternal anxiety over pediatric dental treatment during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: Implications for future pandemics
No full textThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has introduced new impediments to delivering and accessing dental care. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic experience, research into anticipatory measures for pediatric dental care is necessary to prepare for future pandemics or other public health events. This study sought to explore factors influencing mothers’ anxiety over taking their children to the dentist during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an explorative qualitative study with social cognitive theory (SCT) as its theoretical framework. In-depth interviews with mothers of children aged 6–12 years in five areas in Surabaya were selected as the method for answering the qualitative inquiries. To improve transparency, we employed a 32-item consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist. Thematic data analysis revealed three primary cross-cutting themes: internal (personal) factors, external (socio-environmental) factors, and interaction between internal factors and external factors. Based on the interviews, five internal factor sub-themes impacting maternal anxiety over child dental treatment emerged: knowledge, self-efficacy, risk perception, trust in a dentist, and experiences with a child’s dental visit. Moreover, three external factor sub-themes were noted: public transportation, bulk COVID-19 information, and costs. Findings revealed that internal and external factors interacted with each other and influenced maternal anxiety over pediatric dental care during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study benefits public health by contributing to the development of strategies and policies for dental health services under unforeseen health crises
Gonial angle and mandibular ramus height in Surabaya population: comparison and correlation analysis in panoramic radiograph
No full textOne of the crucial steps of identifying an individual is to determine their sex. The mandible, which is the largest and strongest bone in the human face, is a useful tool due to its significant sexual dimorphism. Two features that are recognized for their high sexual dimorphism are the gonial angle and mandibular ramus height. Several studies have shown different results when using both measures to estimate sex, factors that are thought to influence morphological differences include age, population, sex, and physical activity. The objective of this study was to analyze the differences in gonial angle and mandibular ramus height between sexes using panoramic radiography. Additionally, it aimed to analyze the correlation between these measurements and sex. The measurements of the gonial angle and mandibular ramus height were conducted using ImageJ software. Initially, the specific anatomical landmarks were identified, and the software’s measurement tools were then employed to accurately assess the height and angle based on these selected points. The sample consisted of secondary data obtained from 70 panoramic radiographs of patients aged 20–45 years at the Dental and Oral Teaching Hospital (RSGMP) of Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya. Data analysis was conducted using the independent t-test and Pearson correlation. There was a significant difference in the mandibular ramus height between sexes, with males having a greater height (p < 0.05). It was also discovered that, despite the fact that males exhibited a smaller gonial angle compared to females, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.29). Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between mandibular ramus height and sex (r = 0.498); however, there was no significant correlation between gonial angle and sex (r = -0.128). The study reveals a significant difference in mandibular ramus height between males and females, with males exhibiting greater height. This parameter shows a strong correlation with sex, making it a reliable indicator for sex determination. Conversely, the gonial angle is not suitable for this purpose
A correlation between malocclusion complexity with periodontal status
No full textMalocclusion is the third most common dental problem after caries and periodontal diseases, with prevalence reaching 56% in the world and 89% in Indonesia (2006), respectively. Index of Complexity, Outcome, and Need (ICON) is an assessment tool to measure the necessity, complexity, and success of orthodontic treatment. Although several studies have reported a causal relationship between malocclusion and periodontal disease, the association is still under debate. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between malocclusion complexity based on ICON and the periodontal status of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment at the Orthodontic Clinic, Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia. Material and Method: This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Fifty-four new patients (aged 25-44 years) were included. Patients who had systemic disease, used fixed orthodontic appliance or prosthesis, and had some local factors were excluded. Periodontal status, ICON complexity, study model, and radiographic results were examined and analyzed. An interclass correlation test was carried out to obtain data reliability. Result: the majority of malocclusion complexities based on ICON were mild (46.3%). Periodontal status consisted of Plaque Index (good, 81.5%; moderate, 18.5%), Papillary Bleeding Index (no bleeding, 90.7%; severe bleeding, 1.9%), Clinical Attachment Loss (moderate, 40.7%; severe, 22.2%), gingival recession (mild, 83.3%; severe, 7.4%), periodontal probing depth (moderate, 77.8%; severe, 3.7%), and alveolar bone height (middle third, 53.7%; cervical third, 46.3%). Conclusion: No significant correlation was found between malocclusion complexity based on ICON and periodontal status
Influence of sulfuric acid concentration on the surface roughness of titanium alloy plates
No full textThe surface roughness of an implant material (titanium alloy) is an important factor in optimizing osseointegration. Various efforts have been made to optimize the roughness of implant materials, such as acid etching. Previous research showed etching with sulfuric acid ((H2SO4)) at a temperature of 60 °C for 60 minutes could increase roughness. However, further research is needed regarding the concentration of H2SO4 that can optimize surface roughness. This research aimed to determine the concentration of H2SO4 that can be used to obtain optimal roughness. This study used a pre-test and post-test group design by immersing titanium alloy plates in a solution of saline water (negative control), 12.17 M HCl (positive control), and (H2SO4) at various concentrations, namely 6.94 M, 9 M, and 11.06 M for 60 minutes at 60 °C. Next, a surface roughness test and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were carried out. The research results were analyzed statistically using the Shapiro-Wilk, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests. The results showed that in the (H2SO4) group, there were significant differences before and after treatment (p < 0.05). The higher the concentration of (H2SO4) used, the higher the surface roughness value. The SEM test showed that the group with a higher (H2SO4) concentration had a rougher topography and more visible grooves. In conclusion, etching with (H2SO4) can increase the surface roughness of titanium alloys, and (H2SO4) at a concentration of 11.06 M led to the highest roughness value in this study
A relationship between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in odontectomy patients under general anesthesia at Moewardi Regional General Hospital
No full textOdontectomy is a surgical procedure to extract impacted teeth and also commonly performed to address dental and oral health issues. One symptom observed prior to the procedure is anxiety that may cause patients to avoid dental care. One effect attributed to preoperative anxiety in odontectomy patients includes a decrease in pain control, encompassing postoperative pain, possibly through Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. Postoperative pain itself is a complex issue requiring effective management to ensure good healing. This study aimed to determine the relationship between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in odontectomy patients under general anesthesia at Moewardi General Hospital and to measure the relationship between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain intensity in patients undergoing odontectomy under general anesthesia at Moewardi General Hospital. This was a cross-sectional study of which the data were obtained through interviews. A total of 30 samples were selectedfrom the Dental and Oral Outpatient Clinic at Moewardi General Hospital scheduled for odontectomy under general anesthesia from December 2022 to January 2023. The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) questionnaire and Visual Analogue Score for Pain were used respectively to measure preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain. Statistical analysis of the relationship was conducted using the Pearson Correlation Test to assess the strength of the relationship. The average preoperative anxiety level was 17.17 and the postoperative pain intensity was 3.93 with the correlation coefficient of 0.587 (p < 0.05), indicating that the relationship fell within moderate and significant category. Preoperative anxiety exhibited a moderate and significant correlation with postoperative pain in odontectomy patients under general anesthesia