Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
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Perangkat Lunak Prediktor Karies Anak Berdasarkan Faktor Anak, Perilaku Ibu, dan UKGS
No full textKaries adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh faktor langsung dan tidak langsung. Saat ini baru ada alat yang dipakai untuk mengukur risiko karies secara langsung. Berdasarkan faktor penyebab tersebut maka perlu disusun alat prediksi karies baru, yang mengukur faktor langsung dan tidak langsung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyusun alatPrediktor Karies Anak (PKA) dan melakukan uji validitas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional analitic. Penelitian dilakukan melalui empat tahap, yakni: definisi persyaratan, perancangan sistem dan perangkat lunak, dan implementasi serta pengujian unit. Penyusunan perangkat lunak berdasarkan risiko karies pada 430 anak SD usia 10 - 12 danorangtuanya. Uji validitas perangkat lunak dilakukan dengan membandingkan 42 hasil pengukuran antara PKA denganMicrosoft Excel. Pada tahap definisi persyaratan, diperoleh faktor risiko karies yang meliputi pH saliva, banyaknya plak, pengalaman karies, pemanfatan pelayanan kesehatan gigi, perilaku ibu dalam memilih makanan, pengetahuan anak tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut, perilaku anak dalam memelihara kesehatan gigi, perilaku anak dalam kebiasaanmakan, dan pelaksanaan UKGS oleh guru. Tahap perancangan sistem dan perangkat lunak, menggunakan bobot faktor risiko sehingga diperoleh persamaan risiko terjadinya karies baru: P=1/[1+2.7 (-2,335 + 0,658X1 + 0,868X2 + 1,398X3 + 0,629X4 + 0,516X5 + 0,745X6 + 0,743X7 + 1,199X8 + 0,613x9)]. Hasil uji menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan antara hasil pengukuran risiko karies antara PKA danpenghitungan dengan Microsoft Excel (p > 0,05). Penelitian ini telah menghasilkan perangkat lunak PKA dan hasil uji telah valid. Software of Prediktor Karies Anak Based on Child Factor, Mother’s Behavior, and Environment. Caries is caused by direct and indirect factors. Recently, there is only a tool to measure direct factor of caries risk on school age children. Therefore, a new tool for caries prediction needs to be developed, which involves measurement for both direct and indirect factors. The study objective is to develop Prediktor Karies Anak (PDA) and to determine its validity. The research design was cross-sectional analytic. This study was conducted in four stages: pre-requirement definitions, design of system and software, implementation and unit test. The software was developed based on caries risk factors of 430 students aged 10 - 12 years and their parents. The validity of the Software was tested by comparing 42 outputs of Prediktor Karies Anak with Microsoft Excel. On the Pre-requirement definitions stage, caries risk factors were determined as pH saliva, plaque quantity, caries experiences, utilization of dental health care, mother’s behaviour in food selection, children’s knowledge on dental health, children’s behaviour on dental health maintenance, children’s behaviour on food habit, and UKGS implementation by teachers. The weighting factor formula to predict the risk of new caries in the design of systems and software was: P=1/[1+2.7(-2,335 + 0,658X1 + 0,868X2 + 1,398X3 + 0,629X4 + 0,516X5 + 0,745X6 + 0,743X7 + 1,199X8 + 0,613x9)]]. There were no differences on risk caries between Prediktor Karies Anak and MicrosoftExcel (p > 0,05). This study had produced the software of Prediktor Karies Anak and the test result was valid
Peningkatan Ketebalan Epitel Mukosa Bukal setelah Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Sirih
No full textDaun sirih termasuk tanaman herbal yang digunakan untuk bahan alternatif pengobatan, karena kandungannya yang berkhasiat sebagai antimikroba, antiplak, antioksidan, dan mudah didapat serta ekonomis. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketebalan epitel mukosa mulut tikus Wistar setelah aplikasi ekstrak daun sirih. Penelitian bersifateksperimental pada tiga kelompok yang masing-masing terdiri 9 ekor tikus Wistar. Kelompok pertama sebagai kontrol, kelompok kedua dan ketiga diberikan aplikasi ekstrak daun sirih 15 hari dan 35 hari. Tikus dikorbankan sesuai waktu yang ditentukan lalu dibuat sedian histologis dan pewarnaan HE untuk pengamatan ketebalan epitel. Data ukuranepitel diuji menggunakan uji parametric uji T independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan ketebalan epitel yang bermakna dicapai oleh kelompok ketiga (±15,61 μm, p=0,002), sedangkan pada kelompok pertama dan kedua tidak terdapat peningkatan ketebalan epitel (p=0,261). Aplikasi ekstrak daun sirih dapat meningkatkan ketebalan epitel mukosa bukal tikus wistar. Increase in Buccal Mucous Epithelium Thickness after Application of Betel Leaf Extract. Betel leaf (Piper Betle Linn) is a herbal ingredient. It is widely used because of its antibacterial power, anti-inflamatory and antioxidant properties. It is readily available in affordable price. The aim of this study is to determine of buccal mucous epithelium thickness of Wistar rats after the application of betel leaf extract. This was an experimental laboratory research which was performed in three groups of Wistar rats. The first group was the control group. The second and third group were those given betel leaf extract for 15 and 35 days. Each group contained nine rats. The rats were sacrificed at the time determined and made histological slide with HE staining for observation of epithelial thickness. The data of the size of epithelium were tested using independent parametric T test. The result shows a significant increase in buccal mucous epithelium thickness on the third group (15,61μm, p=0,002). Conversely, there is no increase in buccal mucous epithelium thickness on another group (p=0,261). In conclusion, the increase in buccal mucous epithelium thickness of Wistar rats occurred after the application of betel leaf extract
Indeks Penulis
No full textAAndhika Priyatama, Poerwati Soetji Rahajoe dan Rahardjo; 155 - 160 Apreka Tigor Kusumasmara, Wayan Ardhana & Christnawat; 92 - 98 Arief Waskitho, Erwan Sugiatno dan Titik Ismiyat; 178 - 183 Atika Zairina, Erwin Siregar & Nia Ayu Ismaniat; 21 - 3
Indeks Penulis
No full textAA. Haris Budi Widodo 32 - 37Adi Subekti Putra 223 - 227Adiastuti Endah P. 12 - 20Al Munawir 161 - 166Alexander Patera Nugraha 12 - 20Ambar Puspitasari 156 - 160Ame Suciati 21 - 26Ananto Ali Alhasyimi 94 - 101Annisa Septalita 201 - 207Antinah Latif 130 - 135Aqilla Tiara Kartikaningtyas 86 - 93Asikin Nur 136 - 14
Protesa Mata: Rehabilitasi Pasien
No full textKasus kehilangan bola mata dapat menimbulkan masalah fungsi, psikis, dan estetik. Salah satu perawatan rehabilitatif pada kasus ini adalah dengan protesa mata. Tujuan pembuatan protesa mata adalah untuk mempercepat penyembuhan fisik dan psikis serta memperbaiki estetik. Pasien laki-laki usia 50 tahun datang ke klinik Prostodonsia RSGM Prof. Soedomo FKG UGM dengan kondisi kehilangan mata sebelah kanan akibat trauma 3 tahun yang lalu.Pemeriksaan soket mata menunjukkan konjungtiva yang sehat dan tidak terdapat infeksi. Rencana perawatan adalah pembuatan protesa mata non fabricated berbahan resin akrilik. Prosedur perawatan dilakukan dengan tahap-tahap yaitu pencetakan mata dengan sendok cetak mata perorangan dan pengisian hasil cetakan dilakukan 2 tahap. Pembuatan model malam sklera, mencoba pola malam sklera, membuat sklera akrilik, mencoba sklera akrilik, dan penentuan lokasi dan diameter iris, melukis iris dan pupil, penyelesaian protesa mata, serta insersi protesa mata, pemeriksaan yang perlu dilakukan adalah retensi, stabilisasi, dan kenyamanan protesa mata. Kontrol setelah 1 minggu protesa mata menunjukkan hasil yang baik, tidak ada keluhan rasa sakit, dan tidak ada peradangan. Pasien lebih percaya diri dan nyaman dengan protesa mata ini karena bentuknya sesuai soket mata. Pemakaian protesa mata dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri pasien sehingga dapat diterima dalam kehidupan sosial bermasyarakat. Ocular Prosthesis: Patient Rehabilitation. The loss of eyeballs may lead to problems in function, psychology, and aesthetics. One of rehabilitative treatments for this case is by making prosthesis eyes. The purpose of this treatment is to heal the physical and psychological function quickly and to fix the aesthetics. A 50-year-old male patient who came to RSGM Prof. Soedomo FKG UGM’s Prostodontia Clinic complained that he lost his right eye because of traumatic injury 3 years ago. After checking the eye socket up, it was found that his conjunctiva lining was healthy, and there was no infection. The treatment plan was to make non-fabricated ocular prosthesis from acrylic resin. For the treatment procedure, the steps are as follow: minting the individual eye by using minted spoon and pouring the minting result of the eye by two phases; making the model of wax sclera followed by trying on the wax sclera pattern to the patient eye socket and making an acrylic version of sclera followed by trying on the acrylic sclera to the eye socket, and then determining the location and iris diameter to draw the iris and pupil. The finishing process of the eye prosthesis is by inserting the eye prosthesis to the patient eye socket. The checkup is needed to know the retention, stabilization and fitting the eye prosthesis. After medical check-up during a week, the eye prosthesis showed the good result, absence of pain and inflammation. The patient was more confident psychologically and comfortable using this eye prosthesis because the shape was compatible with the eye socket. Using eye prosthesis can improve the patients’ confidence as they can be accepted in social life
Pengaruh Program Perubahan Perilaku Ibu Hamil (Cerdigi) Berdasarkan Teori ABC (Studi Pendahuluan di Kelurahan Serpong, Tangerang Selatan)
No full textMaternal Behavior Change Program (Cerdigi) Based on ABC’s Theory (Pilot Study in Serpong Subdistrict, South Tangerang). Oral health is one of the things that need attention during pregnancy. However, the behavior of dental and oral health maintenance during pregnancy is still low. Poor oral health conditions in pregnant women can have an impact, such as premature births and low birth weight (LBW) babies. ABC behavior change theory focuses on the antecedent, behavior, and consequence of behavior. The purpose of this study is to determine pregnant women’s behavior of oral health maintenance, identify their antecedent factors, behavior change interventions (DHE), and analyze the behavior consequence. This was a descriptive research with a cross-sectional design among 27 pregnant women in Serpong Subdistrict, South Tangerang. The data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. The results show 100% (27 respondents) did tooth brushing twice a day, 44,4% (12 respondents) used mouthwash once a week and 4% (1 respondent) visited a dentist during pregnancy. The antecedent factors of not visiting a dentist during pregnancy were because: 33% did not know the benefits of visiting a dentist, 26% had fear of dentist, 19% felt that visiting a dentist was expensive, 11% did not feel the need to go to a dentist, and 11% had fear of disturbing the fetus. After 9 days of intervention, the consequences on the 19 respondents were evaluated and the results show that 89.5% had not visited a dentist, 5.25% had visited a dentist, and 5.25% did not want to visit a dentist. The reason of not visiting a dentist was because of having not much time 52.8%, having nobody to accompany 11.8%, feeling lazy 11.8%, still feeling afraid of a dentist 11.8 %, and having no money 11.8%. The conclusion from this study is that the most dominant behaviors of oral health maintenance in pregnant women is to maintain it by themselves (toothbrushing and using mouthwash), while maintaining the health by visiting a dentist is still low with various antecendents
Gigi Tiruan Sebagian Kerangka Logam sebagai Penunjang Kesehatan Jaringan Periodontal
No full textFrame Partial Denture as a Supportive Therapy for Periodontal Health. Partial denture is very important in maintaining periodontal health and maintaining the stability of the remaining teeth. The fabrication of denture is an important phase in comprehensive periodontal health therapy, so as to maintain the periodontal health. Removable partial dentures should be designed to reduce the accumulation of food residue and plaque on the teeth and gingival edge of the abutment. The selection of metallic materials as denture in case of periodontal compromise can help in preventing tooth movement and maintain the position of the teeth after periodontal treatment because the nature of metal is more rigid when compared with other materials, so that the success of the treatment can be achieved. Making good metal framework denture and good cooperation between all members of the medical team in handling the case will result in a successful treatment. The aim of the study is to enrich the knowledge for periodontists and prosthodontists in using metal removable prothesis in compromised periodontal patients. Providing information and educating patients in maintaining the cleanliness of denture and mouth are also an important factor that determines the success of the manufacture of dentures
Hubungan antara Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku terhadap Pemeliharaan Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut dengan Status Kesehatan Periodontal Pra Lansia di Posbindu Kecamatan Indihiang Kota Tasikmalaya
No full textProses penuaan merupakan salah satu faktor sistemik yang mempengaruhi respon tubuh terhadap terjadinya penyakit periodontal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terhadap pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut dengan status kesehatan periodontal pra lansia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental, dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 225 orang pra lansia dari 9 Posbindu di Kecamatan Indihiang Tasikmalaya, yang diambil dengan cara purposive sampling. Variabel pengaruh terdiri dari pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terhadap pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Variabel pengetahuan diukur menggunakan kuesioner tertutup dengan pilihan jawaban benar atau salah. Variabel sikap dan perilaku diukur menggunakan kuesioner dibuat menurut skala Likert. Kuesioner telah diuji validitas (koefisien korelasi ≥ 0,30) dan uji reliabilitas (alpha cronbach >0,60). Variabel terpengaruh adalah status kesehatan periodontal yang diukur menggunakan indeks CPITN. Analisa data menggunakan analisis korelasi dan regresi berganda. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terhadap pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut mempunyai hubungan signifikan terhadap status kesehatan periodontal (F =30,681 dan p =0,001), dan memberikan kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 29,4% (R² = 0,294) terhadap status kesehatan periodontal. Perilaku terhadap pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut memberikan kontribusi pengaruh paling besar terhadap status kesehatan periodontal yaitu sebesar 6,9%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah semakin baik pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terhadap pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut, semakin baik status kesehatan periodontal pra lansia. Perilaku terhadap pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut memberikan kontribusi pengaruh paling besar terhadap status kesehatan periodontal pra lansia.Correlation Between Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour on Oral Hygiene Maintenance with Periodontal Health Status of Pre Elderly at Posbindu of Sub-District Indihiang Tasikmalaya. Aging process is one of the systemic factors that influence the host response towards the occurrence of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to find out the correlation between knowledge, attitude, and behavior on oral hygiene maintenance with periodontal health status of pre elderly. Two hundred twenty-five pre elderly chosen purposively from 9 Posbindu of Sub-district Indihiang Tasikmalaya were used as a sample of non-experimental study with cross-sectional design. The independent variables were: knowledge, attitude and behavior on oral hygiene maintenance. Experience variable was measured in closed questionnaire with multiple-choice answers: true or false. Attitude and behavior variables were measured using a questionnaire with Likert scale. The results of the validity and reliability test show that correlation coefficient and alpha cronbachis ≥ 0,30 and > 0,60 respectively. CPITN index was used to measure dependent variable (periodontal health status). Correlation analysis and multiple regressions were used for data analysis. The result of multiple regression analysis shows that variables of knowledge, attitude and behavior on oral hygiene maintenance have a very significant correlation between periodontal health status (F = 30,681 and p = 0,001) and gives an influence contribution of 29,4% (R2 = 0,294) on periodontal health status. Behavior on oral hygiene maintenance gives the greatest influence contribution on periodontal health status as much as 6,9%. Conclusions: The better of knowledge, attitude and behavior on oral hygiene maintenance lead to the better periodontal health status of pre elderly. The action on oral hygiene maintenance gives the biggest influence contribution on periodontal health status of pre elderly
Composite Flowable Fabricated (CFF) Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Pasak Gigi Paska Endodontik
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali, menganalisis dan membandingkan pasak CCF (plastis) dengan pasak NiTi logam (rigid) sebagai alternatif pasak gigi paska perawatan endodontik yang biokompatibel. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel elemen gigi insisif rahang atas yang telah disesuaikan dengan kriteria penelitian. Semua sampel gigi diberi perlakuan sesuai dengan kelompoknya. Prosedur kelompok pasak CCF yaitu dengan mengaplikasikan komposit flowable pada saluran akar gigi yang telah dilakukan pengambilan gutta-percha sedalam 2/3 panjang saluran akar dan menyisakan 1/3 gutta-percha di daerah apikal, sampai seluruh saluran akar dan ruang pulpa terisi penuh. Komposit flowable dilakukan penyinaran (curing LED) selama 20 detik. Perlakuan pada kelompok pasak NiTi sama seperti pada kelompok pasak CCF, bedanya pasak NiTi diinsersi menggunakan bahan luting semen ionomer kaca tipe 1. Selanjutnya semua sampel gigi baik yang prefabricated maupun fabricated dilakukan uji three bending point dengan pengaturan sesuai dengan standart ISO10477. Secara deskriptif nilai rerata kelompok pasak NiTi (stiffness = 115,30 N/mm; modulus elastisitas = 9,31 Gpa; flexural = 812 Gpa) lebih besar dari nilai rerata kelompok pasak CFF (stiffness = 35 N/mm; modulus elastisitas = 3,45 Gpa; flexural = 475,8 GPa) dan secara statistik hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pasak prefabricated (NiTi) dengan fabricated (CFF). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa walaupun secara deskriptif dan statistik ada perbedaan, namun bahan komposit flowable dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pasak alternatif dan perlu penelitian lebih lanjut yang sesuai standar keberadaannya sebagai bahan pasak alternatif. Composite Flowable Fabricated (CFF) as Enddodontic Dental Post alternative. Composite Flowable Fabrcated (CFF). CFF is composite resin that viscous and plastic which used as material to enhance the retention and stability of post endodontic treatment and restoration materials. NiTi post is prefabricated post endodontic that the insertion needs luting material. This study was to explore, analyze, and compare CCF (plastic) and NiTi (rigid) post endodontic as alternative of post endodontic that is compatible. This study used element sample of maxillary incisive tooth. All of teeth sample was taken treatment that was appropriate with the groups. the procedure of CFF post group was to make application of flowable composite in root canal up to full that had been done taking of gutta percha as deep as 2/3 of root canal length and left 1/3 gutta percha in apical area. Flowable composite was cured by LEDfor 20 seconds. Treatment of NiTi post group was same with CCF post group, the different NiTi post was inserted using glass ionomer luting type 1. Furthermore all of tooth sample, prefabricated and fabricated, was tested by threebending point with ISO10477. The result showed that mean of NiTi post (stiffness= 115,30 N/mm; modulus elastisitas = 9,31 Gpa; flexural= 812 Gpa) was higher than CFF post (stiffness = 35 N/mm; modulus elastisitas = 3,45 Gpa; flexural= 475,8 GPa); and there was significant different between prefabricated (NiTi) dengan fabricated(CFF) post statistically. Although composite flowable can be used as alternative of post endodontic and needs further research that is suitable with standard of post materials
Pembuatan Adhesive Bridge dengan Fiber Reinforced Composite untuk Perawatan Kehilangan dan Kegoyahan Gigi Anterior Rahang Bawah
No full textSalah satu perawatan kehilangan gigi anterior untuk tujuan estetis adalah dengan adhesive bridge. Fiber Reinforced Composite (FRC) adalah bahan struktural yang terdiri dari 2 konstituen yang berbeda. Komponen penguat (fiber) memberikan kekuatan dan kekakuan, sedangkan matriks (resin komposit) mendukung penguatan. Bahan FRC dapat digunakan untuk pembuatan adhesive bridge dan juga dapat digunakan sebagai stabilisasi gigi yang mengalami kegoyahan. Adanya gigi pendukung yang sehat juga sangat membantu keberhasilan perawatan ini. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi tentang penatalaksanaan perawatan kehilangan dan kegoyahan gigi anterior rahang bawah menggunakan FRC. Seorang pasien laki-laki berusia 33 tahun datang ke klinik Prostodonsia RSGM Prof. Soedomo ingin dibuatkan gigi tiruan. Pasien kehilangan gigi 31, gigi 32, gigi 41 dan mengalami kegoyahan derajat 2 disertai resesi gingiva. Kondisi tersebut akibat pasca pembuatan gigi tiruan di tukang gigi. Pasien tidak ingin giginya yang goyah dilakukan pencabutan. Tatalaksana kasus: pencetakan rahang untuk model diagnostik, pembuatan mock-up pontik gigi 31 pada model diagnostik, pembuatan index dengan mencetak bagian lingual dan 1/3 incisal menggunakan putty, preparasi gigi penyangga (gigi 32, 33, 41, 42, 43), pemasangan fiber dengan bantuan index putty, pembentukan bagian labial pontik dengan komposit, finishing dan polishing. Kesimpulan: Fiber reinforced composite dapat dipakai untuk pengelolaan pasien yang mengalami kehilangan dan kegoyahan gigi anterior rahang bawah.Adhesive Bridge of Fiber Reinforced Composite to Treat Tooth Missing and Luxation of Lower Anterior Teeth. One of the anterior tooth loss treatments for esthetic purposes is the adhesive bridge. Fiber Reinforced Composite (FRC) is a structural material that consists of two different constituencies. Amplifier components (fiber) provide strength and stiffness, while matrix (resin composite) support reinforcement. FRC materials can be used in the manufacture of adhesive bridge and can also be utilized for a tooth stabilization for luxation case. The existence of supporting healthy teeth is also very helpful the success of this treatment. Objective: The aim of this case report was to provide information about management of missing teeth and luxation of lower anterior teeth using the FRC. Case: Thirty-three years old male patient came for a denture to the Prosthodontics Clinic of the Prof. Soedomo Hospital. The patient lost tooth 31, the teeth 32 and 41 had a luxation degree 2 with gingival recession. The condition is due to post-manufacture of artificial teeth in dental technician. The Patient did not want to extract the teeth. Managing cases: Impression of teeth for diagnostic models, mock-ups of the pontic tooth 31 on diagnostic models, manufacturing of index scoring lingual and 1/3 incisal using putty, preparation of the abutment (32, 33, 41, 42, 43), the installation of fiber with index putty, forming the labial pontic with composite continued with finishing and polishing. Conclusion: Fiber reinforced composite can be used for the management of patients who experienced a loss and shakiness lower anterior teeth