Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
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Perawatan Maloklusi Klas III Skeletal disertai Open Bite dengan Teknik Begg
No full textOverjet negatif pada maloklusi klas III dapat terjadi karena penyimpangan hubungan incisivus atas dan bawah, adanya malrelasi antara maksila dan mandibula, atau kombinasi keduanya. Maloklusi klas III dapat disertai dengan crowding, deep bite, maupun open bite. Tujuan perawatan adalah untuk mengoreksi cross bite dan open bite, memperoleh overjet dan overbite normal serta hubungan oklusal yang stabil. Pasien laki-laki usia 15 tahun dengan maloklusi Angle klas III dan relasi skeletal klas III, mandibula protrusif, cross bite anterior (overjet -3 mm), open bite 12-22 terhadap 43-34, cross bite posterior bilateral, dan pergeseran garis tengah inter incisivus rahang bawah kekanan 0,7 mm. Perawatan ortodontik dilakukan dengan alat cekat teknik Begg, diawali dengan pencabutan gigi 34 dan 44 serta grinding gigi anterior rahang atas. Elastik intermaksiler klas III, elastik cross posterior, dan elastik vertikal digunakan untuk koreksi cross bite anterior dan posterior serta open bite. Kesimpulan dari hasil perawatan dengan teknik Begg, cross bite anterior dan posterior serta open bite terkoreksi (overjet 2 mm dan overbite 2 mm). Garis tengah inter incisivus rahang bawah dan rahang atas sejajar dengan garis tengah wajah. Maj Ked Gi; Desember 2013; 20(2): 192-198
Identifikasi Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Sudamala (Artemisia vulgaris L.)
No full textIdentification of Sudamala (Artemisia vulgaris L.) Thin Layer Chromatography. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the type of cancer which is most frequently found in oral cavity. The primary risk factor of malignancy in oral cavity includes the habit of consuming tobacco and or alcohol. The plant sudamala (Artemisia vulgaris L.) is often used in the community as anti-tumor in digestive organ, including in oral cavity. However, there have been no studies on active ingredients playing the role as anti-cancer in oral cavity. The species are mostly from the genus Artemisia, while those generally growing in Indonesia are the species Artemisia vulgaris L. The objective of this study is to explain the identification by TLC of sudamala. The study was sudamala extraction, identification of sudamala extract, sudamala fractionation with Vacuum Column Chromatography and identification of sudamala fractionation with TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). The result shows that the fractionation using hexane extract resulted in 11 fractions of n-hexane: ethyl acetate. The conclusion of this study is that the fraction of n-hexane: ethyl acetate (3:7, v/v) sudamala (Artemisia vulgaris L.) identified contains terpenoids compounds
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Rebusan Kelopak Bunga Rossella terhadap pH Saliva Buatan
No full textThe Effect of Rossella Flower Petals Stew to Artificial Saliva pH. Saliva is a complex oral fluids. One of the microorganisms that cause the saliva’s pH becomes acid is Streptococcus mutans. Water stew of Rossella flower petals (Habiscus sabdariffa L) contains flavonoids and anthocyanins that interfere metabolism of the cells and growth of Streptococcus mutans. The purpose of this experimental was to know the effect of water stew Rossella flower petals concentration in pH scale and absorbance score of artificial saliva which induced with Streptococcus mutans by in vitro. The method which applied here was True Experimental Design, post test control group design. The concentrations that used in this study were 5%, 15%, 25% and 35%. The results described the differences in pH scale and absorbance score of artificial saliva which induced with Streptococcus mutans between treatment group (added by water stew Rossella petals) and control group. Data analysis using correlation and regression test showed the effect of water stew of Rossella flower petals in pH scale of artificial saliva was 99.2%. The conclusion of this experimental explained the increase of pH scale after added with the water stew of Rossella flower petals, also showed a significant differences of pH scale of artificial saliva between treatment group and control group based on the One-Way ANOVA test, and the water stew of Rossella flower petals was effective to maintain pH scale of artificial saliva approach normal pH scal
Indeks Subjek
No full textAa-amylase saliva 41, 42, 43, 44adhesive bridge 61, 62, 64, 65, 109, akurasi 78, 79, 81, 82, 109alat cekat Begg 183, 218alat cekat teknik Begg 184, 186, 196, 199, 201, 218apoptosis 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 21
Retainer Kaitan Presisi Ekstrakorona Pada Kasus Kennedy Klas I Rahang Bawah
No full textRehabilitasi gigi yang hilang dengan gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan adalah untuk memperbaiki fungsi pengunyahan, estetika, fungsi bicara, mempertahankan gigi dan jaringan yang masih ada, menjaga stabilitas oklusi, serta mengembalikan kenyamanan pasien. Penggunaan gigi tiruan dengan retainer kaitan presisi menjadi pilihan karena dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien dalam memakai gigi tiruan. Kaitan presisi adalah suatu perangkat interlocking kecil untuk menghubungkan gigi tiruan dengan gigi pegangan yang dapat memberikan manfaat biomekanik dan estetis. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan memberikan informasi tentang gigi tiruan dengan kaitan presisi ekstrakorona pada kasus Kennedy klas I rahang bawah untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien dalam memakai gigi tiruan. Pasien perempuan usia 56 tahun datang ke klinik Prostodonsia RSGM Prof. Soedomo ingin dibuatkan gigi tiruan baru. Pasien sebelumnya telah mengunakan gigi tiruan kerangka logam pada rahang atas (RA) dan rahang bawah (RB), namun merasa kurang percaya diri dan tidak nyaman dengan gigi tiruannya. Pasien ingin dibuatkan gigi tiruan yang tidak menggunakan plat yang melintang pada rahang bawahnya. Pembuatan gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan rahang bawah dengan retainer kaitan presisi ekstrakorona. Tatalaksana perawatan 1)Pencetakan rahang untuk model diagnostik, 2)Preparasi gigi penyangga, 3)Pencetakan model kerja dan pembuatan mahkota sementara, 4)Try in coping kaitan presisi RB, 5)Pencatatan hubungan RA-RB, 6)Prosesing lab, 7)Insersi, 8)Kontrol. Gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan rahang bawah dengan retainer kaitan presisi ekstrakorona dapat digunakan pada kasus Kennedy klas I untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien.Mandibular Extracoronal Precission Attachment Retainer On Mandibular Kennedy Class I Cases. Rehabillitation of missing teeth with removable partial denture is to restore mastication, aesthetic, speech functional, preserve the teeth and remaining tissue, maintaining the occlusal stabilities, and to restore patient comfort of using removable partial denture. Removable partial denture with precision attachment become an option because it can increase patient comfort when using denture. Precision attachment is a small interlocking device to connect prosthesis and abutments that offer a variety of solutions to the challenge of balance between biomechanical benefit and aesthetic appeal. This case report aims to provide more option of removable partial denture with extracoronal precision attachment on mandibular Kennedy class I cases to enhance patient comfortability when using dental prosthesis. A 56 years old female patient came to the Prosthodontics clinic of RSGM Prof. Soedomo want to made a new denture. The patient had previously been using metal frame denture on the upper jaw and mandible, but feel less confident and uncomfortable with the denture. Patient want to be made a new denture that do not use transverse plate on the lower jaw. Removable partial denture with extracorona precision attachment for the lower jaw was suggested. The case management were: 1) Jaw impression for diagnostic model, 2) Abutment preparation, 3) Working cast impression and temporary crown make, 4) Lower jaw precision attachment try in coping, 5) Upper and lower jaw relation recording, 6) Lab. Processing, 7) Insertion, 8) Control. Conclusion: Removable partial denture for lower jaw with extracorona precision attachment can be used to improved patients comfort
Perbedaan Hasil Pengukuran Horizontal pada Tulang Mandibula dengan Radiograf Panoramik
No full textRadiograf panoramik mencitrakan gigi-geligi rahang bawah dan atas beserta seluruh jaringan pendukungnya dalam sebuah citra tunggal, proses pemeriksaannya murah, cepat, dan mudah, serta paparan radiasi yang diterima oleh pasien relatif rendah. Di samping memiliki sejumlah keunggulan tersebut, radiograf panoramik juga memiliki kelemahan karena gambaran yang dihasilkan pada teknik radiografi ini mengalami distorsi geometris, sehingga hasil pencitraan pada radiografi panoramik cenderung tidak sesuai dengan ukuran struktur anatomi yang sesungguhnya pada pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil pengukuran horizontal pada preparat mandibula dibandingkan dengan pengukuran horizontal pada citra radiograf panoramik, serta untuk mengetahui seberapa besar distorsi pengukuranhorizontal pada radiograf panoramik. Sampel penelitian berupa 56 buah preparat mandibula yang masing-masing diberi 23 buah metal marker. Radiograf panoramik diambil dari masing-masing sampel. Pengukuran horizontal pada sampel menggunakan sliding caliper digital, sedangkan pengukuran horizontal pada radiograf panoramik menggunakankomputer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara hasil pengukuran pada radiograf panoramik dibandingkan dengan hasil pengukuran pada preparat mandibula, kecuali pada hasil pengukuran horizontal regio gigi geligi posterior dan regio median line hingga posterior korpus mandibula. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada penempatan posisi kepala pasien yang memenuhi standar akan dihasilkan radiograf panoramik dengan distorsi geometris berupa penyempitan dimensi horizontal pada regio anterior mandibula. Pengukuran horizontal pada radiograf panoramik memiliki akurasi yang baik jika dilakukan pada regio posterior, namun cenderung tidak akurat jika dilakukan secara memanjang melintasi median line. Differences of Horizontal Measurement on Dry Mandibles and Panoramic Radiographs. Panoramic radiograph produces one single image of both maxillary and mandibular dental arches and their supporting structures. This technique is cheap, fast and easy, with relatively low radiation exposure received by patients. However, the panoramic radiograph also has some disadvantages related to its geometric distortion. The images of patient’s anatomical structureson panoramic radiograph are not equal with their actual dimension. The aim of this study is to determine the distortion of panoramic radiograph, by comparing the horizontal measurements on panoramic radiographs with those on the real object, which was the dry mandibles. The samples of this study were 56 dry mandibles with 23 metal markers on each ofthem. Panoramic radiograph was taken from each sample. Horizontal measurements on dry mandibles were done using digital sliding caliper, while horizontal measurements on panoramic radiograph were done using computer. The result of this study shows that there were significant differences (p<0.05) between horizontal measurements on panoramicradiographs compared with the measurements on dry mandibles, except in posterior dental arch and median line up toposterior region of mandible corpus. The results of this study indicate that panoramic radiograph taken on standardized patient’s head positioning procedure would produce geometric distortion that tends to be narrow on mandibular anterior region. The horizontal measurements of panoramic radiographs show good accuracy in posterior region, but tend to be inaccurate if done extended across the midline
Pengaruh Implantasi Subkutan Logam Kobalt Kromium sebagai Bahan Alternatif Mini Screw Orthodontics terhadap Reaksi Jaringan Kelinci Albino
No full textMini screw orthodontics merupakan alat yang digunakan dalam perawatan ortodonsia untuk kasus yang membutuhkan absolute anchorage. Mini screw yang tersedia terbuat dari logam nikel titanium atau stainless steel yang pada beberapa pasien menyebabkan reaksi pada jaringan. Uji implantasi adalah uji yang dilakukan untuk menentukan biokompatibilitas medical device yang berkontak langsung dengan jaringan hidup. Respon jaringan terhadap jejas pasca implantasimempengaruhi derajat pembentukan jaringan granulasi, reaksi benda asing, dan fibrosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek lokal implantasi kobalt kromium sebagai alternatif bahan mini screw orthodontics terhadap jaringan subkutan kelinci albino. Subjek penelitian berupa 20 ekor kelinci jantan albino yang digunakan untuk 2 kelompok(perlakuan dan kontrol negatif). Kobalt kromium dibuat lempengan diameter 10 mm dan ketebalan 1 mm. Pada kelompok perlakuan, material diimplankan pada jaringan subkutan dorsum kelinci dengan insisi sampai terbentuk poket subkutan, dasar poket tidak lebih dari 10 mm dari garis awal insisi dan dilakukan suturing. Kelompok kontrol hanya dilakukanincisi kemudian disuturing. Secara makroskopis 24 jam pasca implantasi, daerah implan diamati terjadinya edema, hematoma, enkapsulasi dan tanda-tanda inflamasi. Evaluasi secara mikroskopis pada hari ke 14 pasca implantasi, diamati perubahan histopatologis infiltrasi sel-sel inflamasi, kemudian rerata hasil diuji dengan uji independent samplet-test untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan jumlah sel-sel inflamasi pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Hasil pengamatan makroskopis, kelompok perlakuan maupun kontrol hanya terlihat tanda inflamasi ringan berupa eritema. Rerata dan Simpangan baku jumlah PMN, limfosit, sel plasma, makrofag, giant cell, neovaskularisasi, fibrosis kobalt kromium dan kontrol berturut turut yaitu (0,6 ± 0,49; 0,7 ± 0,48); (0,9 ± 0,87; 1,0 ± 0,67); (0,6 ± 0,24; 0,6 ± 0,21); (1,4 ± 0,84; 0,9 ± 0,74); (0,5 ± 0,27; 0); (0,6 ± 0,33; 0,7 ± 0,48); (0,5 ± 0,27; 0,1 ± 0,02). Hasil t-test menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan (p>0,05) pada 6 parameter inflamasi sedangkan parameter giant cell menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p0.05). The conclusion of this study is that the cobalt chromium alloy can affect the subcutaneous tissue by inducing giant cell infiltration on day 14 post-implantation as the result of foreign body reactions
Perbedaan Pola Spektrum Frekuensi Suara Pengucapan Daftar Tutur Kata Bahasa Indonesia pada Anak dengan Geligi Protrusif (Kajian pada Anak Laki-Laki Umur 9 dan 12 Tahun)
No full textDifference of Sound Frequency Spectrum Pattern of Pronunciation of Indonesian Speech List in Children with Protrusive Teeth (In 9-12 Year Old Male Children). Clarity of pronouncations for early detection of oral disorders in children has been standardized into an Indonesian speech list that is popularly spoken by primary school children, but it requires a clinical application to be used as a speech test tool lists. The purpose of this study is that the standardized Indonesian speech list can be applied clinically in the case of Angle Class I malocclusion with protrusive anterior teeth in male children aged 9 and 12 years. The list is expected to be used as a test tool for speech disorders by looking at the spectrum patterns of speech sound frequency using Readability Meter tool. The arrangement of Indonesian speech list that is popular at children in school age is a contribution to the development of early detection of cavum oris abnormalities that occur in children to ease and accelerate the determination of diagnosis. This study was conducted using analytical epidemiological method with cross sectional design; the subjects were observed one time. The subjects were 24 male children from Javanese ethnic; 12 of there were 9 years old and the other 12 were 12 years old with protrusive anterior teeth and overjet 3-4 mm. Both of the groups pronounced the Indonesian speech list containing the dominant sound frequency in malocclusion Angle class I protrusive variation in the form of words /bakteri/, /demokrasi/, /formulir/, /konveksi/, /limbah/, /nasional/, /ringkas/, /samudera/, /takjub/, /ventilasi/. The recording was directly conducted in a soundproof room through sound recorder program using flat microphones and sound processing mixer. Then, the dominant sound frequency (Hz) and the display of the spectrum patterns of the sound frequency was measured using Cool Edit Pro 2.0 and Excel software. An Excel analysis shows highly significant differences between male children aged 9 years and 12 years in Angle Class I malocclusion with protrusive variations in speech of 10 Indonesian words with the coefficient of determination “R” in the equation chart of spectrum patterns of sound frequency. Male children aged 9 years have a spectrum pattern of sound frequency which is lower and flatter than those aged 12 years
Menurunkan Biomarker Migren Secara Cepat dengan Terapi “Assisted Drainage” (Studi Eksperimental pada Hewan coba)
No full textMigren merupakan gejala nyeri kepala rekuren yang paling sering dikeluhkan dalam dunia medis. Di Amerika Serikat, lebih dari 30 juta orang menderita satu atau lebih nyeri kepala migren dalam setahun. Berdasarkan literatur, migren merupakan komorbiditas rinosinusitis dan asma serta melibatkan saraf trigeminus. Tatalaksana migren dalam bidang kedokteran adalah obat-obatan dan tindakan invasif seperti injeksi atau operasi pada saraf. Sangat menarik bahwa menurut laporan kasus telah dibuktikan bahwa migren berhubungan dengan gingivitis karena suatu perawatan periodontal non invasif yang disebut sebagai terapi “assisted drainage” (ADT) dapat mengurangi gejala migren dalamhitungan menit. Terapi tersebut berupa masase sulkus gingiva dalam 3 menit dengan sisi tumpul scaler manual sampai timbul keluarnya darah secara pasif. Akan tetapi mekanisme kejadian pengurangan gejala migren setelah ADT masih belum jelas. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk verifikasi pengaruh ADT terhadap penurunan biomarker migren tikus nonalergidan alergi yang gingivitis. Tikus Wistar dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara acak, penelitian dengan control series design study. Kelompok perlakuan adalah tikus alergi yang diinduksi dengan ovalbumin (OVA) dan non-alergi, kelompok ini disuntik dengan lipopolisakarida Porphyromonas gingivalis. Kelompok kontrol positif adalah tikus alergi, kontrol negatif dengan phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Pada beberapa kelompok dilakukan ADT. Ekspresi substans P (SP), leukotrien C4 (LTC4) dan TNF α pada gingiva dan hidung diperiksa dengan imunohistokimia peroksidase. Analisis statistik dengan ANOVA. ADT menurunkan ekspresi SP, LTC4 dan TNFα dengan sangat bermakna (p<0.05) setelah 30 menit dilakukan ADT. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dalam riset ini adalah ADT dapat mengurangi biomarker migren dalam hitungan menit sehingga dapat diusulkan sebagai terapi ajuvan dalam tatalaksana migren. Rapid Decrease in Migraine Biomarkers with Assisted Drainage Therapy (Experimental Study In Animal model). Migraine is a recurrent headache symptom which is most often suffered in medical community. In the USA, more than 30 million people suffered one or more migraine headaches in one year. According to literature, migraine has comorbidity with rhinosinusitis and asthma involving the trigeminal nerve. Migraine management in medicine is drugs as well as invasive procedures such as trigeminal nerve injection and surgery. Interestingly, case reports revealed that migraine is also connected with gingivitis since a non-invasive periodontal treatment so called “assisted drainage” therapy (ADT) is able to reduce migraine within minutes. It is a gingival sulcus massage for 3 minutes using the blunt side of manual sickle scaler until blood oozes passively. Nevertheless, the mechanism for how ADT reduces migraine is still unclear. The objective of the research is to verify the mechanism for how ADT decreases migraine biomarkers in non-allergic and allergic rats with gingivitis. Two groups of Wistar rats were randomly selected with control series design study. The treament groups were ovalbumin-induced allergic rats and non-allergic rats injected with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides. The control groups were allergic rats as positive control, and negative control injected with phospate buffered saline (PBS). In several groups, ADT was conducted. Substance P (SP), leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and TNFα expressions in gingiva and nose were examined with peroxidase immuohistochemistry. The statistical analysis was conducted with ANOVA. ADT significantly decreased SP, LTC4 and TNF-α expressions (p<0.05). ADT was ableto decrease migraine biomarkers within minutes, therefore it can be proposed as an ajuvant in migraine management
Karakteristik dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Scaffold Membran Cangkang Telur yang Diaktivasi Karbonat Apatit
No full textStruktur tulang yang hilang akibat penyakit periodontal dan trauma dapat ditanggulangi dengan pemasangan graft. Pemasangan graft rentan akan adanya invasi bakteri sehingga alternatifnya dibuat scaffold dengan aktivitas antibakteri. Teknik jaringan berupa pembuatan scaffold harus memiliki sifat biokompatibel, biodegradasi, dan bioaktif. Penelitian inimenggunakan membran cangkang telur, larutan alginat dan kitosan, karbonat apatit dan larutan SBF Kokubo. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik dan aktivitas antibakteri scaffold membran cangkang telur yang diaktivasi karbonat apatit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental laboratoris dengan jumlah kelompok sampel sebanyak lima kelompok, yaitu sampel A membran cangkang telur, sampel B membran cangkang telur + karbonat apatit, sampel Cmembran cangkang telur + karbonat apatit + SBF selama 7 hari, sampel D membran cangkang telur + karbonat apatit + SBF selama 14 hari, dan sampel E membran cangkang telur + karbonat apatit + SBF selama 21 hari. Uji sampel yaitu karakterisasi menggunakan ATR FTIR dan SEM, serta uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi. Hasil karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan pori-pori serat 10-20μm pada semua sampel, ATR FTIR sampel B, C, D, E menunjukkan peningkatan gugus apatit dibanding sampel A. Pengujian antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus menunjukkan zona bening pada setiap sampel. Perhitungan jumlah koloni setiap sampel yaitu terbanyak koloninya sampel A ±78x105 CFU/ml, dan paling sedikit koloninya sampel B ±14x105 CFU/ml. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu karakteristik dan aktivitas antibakteri scaffold membran cangkang telur yang diaktivasi karbonat apatit mengandung bahan bioaktif, bersifat biodegradasi dan menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri. Characteristic And Antibacterial Activity Of Egg-Shell Membrane Scaffold Activated By Carbonate Apatite. The loss of bone structure that can be caused by periodontal disease and trauma can be treated by installation of graft. The installation of graft is vulnerable to bacterial invasion, so that the alternative is to make a scaffold with antibacterial activity. Scaffold manufacturing in engineering system must have biocompatible, biodegradable, and bioactive properties. This research used egg-shell membrane (ESM) as scaffold template, alginate, chitosan, carbonate apatite, and SBF solution. The purpose of this research is to know the characteristics, and antibacterial activity of eggshell membrane scaffold which is activated by carbonate apatite. This research used laboratory experimental method by dividing the samples into five groups that were ESM as sample A, ESM with carbonate apatite as sample B, ESM with carbonate apatite soaked in SBF sol for 7days as sample C, ESM with carbonate apatite soaked in SBF sol for 14 days as sample D, and ESM with carbonate apatite soaked in SBF sol for 21days as sample E. Then the testing on each sample was conducted: the test for characteristics used ATR FTIR and SEM, while the antibacterial activity test used diffusion method. The results of SEM charaterization from all samples show that the size of pores is 10-20μm. ATR FTIR results of sample B, C, D and E show an increase in functional groups of apatite compared to sample A. Antibacterial testing on Staphylococcus aureus shows inhibition zone. Based on the calculation of colony number the highest number is sample A (±78x105 CFU/ml), and the least is sample E ±14x105 CFU/ml. The conclusion of this research is that the characteristic and antibacterial activity test of egg-shell membrane scaffold activated by carbonate apatite have bioactive and biodegradable material, and show antibacterial activities