Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
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Correlation of cervical vertebral maturity and teeth calcification stages in children with cleft lip and palate
No full textCleft lip and palate are the most common craniofacial anomalies in Indonesia. Recent publications report that there was delayed skeletal and dental age in cleft lip and palate patients. Panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiograph to evaluate growth and development through skeletal and dental age is still rarely used. The research aimed to determine the correlation between cervical vertebral maturation and teeth calcification stages in children aged 7 to 16 years old with cleft lip and palate in Unpad Dental Hospital. The research design was analytic correlation and the sample was selected using purposive sampling cross-sectional using secondary data panoramic and lateral cephalometric radiograph. The scores of cervical maturation and teeth calcification stages were then analyzed statistically using SPSS version 16. Spearman coefficient of rank correlation test showed strong correlation between cervical vertebral maturation and teeth calcification stages on all teeth, with the highest rs score was secondary molar (0.734) and p value 0.000 The conclusion of this research is that there is a strong correlation between cervical vertebral maturation and teeth calcification stages in children aged 7 to 16 years old with cleft lip and palate
Effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection on leukocyte count in rat model of diabetes mellitus
No full textDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and become the third cause of death in Indonesia. The most common oral complications occured in DM is periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is the main etiology of periodontitis, one of periodonthopathogen relate to systemic disease. However this theory still controversial, DM and periodontitis have the same pathogenesis, thus are cellular changes. Pg is predicted affect the total leukocytes count in DM. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Pg infection to total leukocytes count in DM rat model. The rat model of DM was obtained by injection of streptozotocin with different dosage for 5 days sequentially then injected by Pg on distobuccal and distopalatal sulcus of the maxillary first molars for 19 days with interval 3 days. The total leukocytes were calculated manually by Neubauer improved cell counting chamber. The results demonstrated that rat model of DM which injected by Pg has the lowest total leukocytes count. Therefore, Pg infection decreased the total leukocytesin DM rat model
The effect of silk concentration on the flexural strength of FRC as a Bone Graft
No full textBone fractures are mostly caused by trauma and disease. In the therapeutic process of bone healing which often meets some constraints, bone graft is mainly used to ensure that the healing process takes place. A fiber reinforced composite (FRC) is a popular bone graft material that is made to resemble bone properties. FRC is normally comprised of polymer matrix, hydroxyapatite filler, and fiber. Hydroxyapatite is a bioactive material widely used as a bone graft. Silk fiber is known as a reliable material to increase mechanical strength of the FRC. On this basis, this study aims to determine the effect of silk fiber concentration on the flexural strength of FRC. Fiber reinforced composite made of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA/ UDMA resin (CharmFil®, DenKist, Korea), hydroxyapatite (Bioceramic Laboratory, DTMI UGM) and silk fiber (Perhutani, Pati) were divided into three groups. Each group contained different silk fiber concentrations which were 1%, 5% and 10%. The flexural strength test was performed with 3-point bending test according to ISO 10477. The result showed that FRC with silk fiber 1%, 5% and 10% respectively had flexural strength of 61.21 ± 8.43 MPa, 62.97 ± 3.92 MPa and 85.01 ± 7.71 MPa. The result of one way ANAVA analysis showed that mean of FRCs flexural strength were significantly different between one treatment group to another. Thus, it is conclusive that silk fiber has a significant effect on FRCs flexural strength. The addition of 10% concentration of silk fiber is proven to increase FRCs flexural strength
Oral cancer imaging: the principles of interpretation on dental radiograph, CT, CBCT, MRI, and USG
No full textOral cancer is a malignant neoplasia on the lip and oral cavity. It is generally late-detected, locally invasive, and it has a high propensity for cervical lymph node metastases as well as blood-borne distant metastases. Diagnostic imaging for oral cancer is generally performed using conventional radiography, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), Computed Tomography (CT), ultrasonography (USG), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), and bone scintigraphy. This review provides a general overview of oral cancer imaging and basic principles of interpretation for oral cancer using several imaging modalities. The selection of imaging modalities for oral cancer must be based upon clinical condition, availability of imaging modalities, and cost effectivity. Despite the limited availability of modern imaging modalities in Indonesia, understanding on the major concept of various oral cancer imaging and its interpretation are certainly required by the dentists. Imaging and its interpretation are required to assist the diagnosis and determine the most appropriate treatment plan. Thus, the survival rate can be improved
Deflection test on different orthodontic wire materials sized 0.016 x 0.022 inches
No full textThe development of technology in orthodontic field produces some orthodontic wires that have different deflection abilities. Loading force is the force needed to place an orthodontic wire in bracket slot (activation). Unloading force is the force produced by an orthodontic wire to move tooth (deactivation). Deflection test with three-point bending technique is a technique that is often used to determine the magnitude of the activation and deactivation force of orthodontic wire. Stainless steel (SS), nickel titanium (NiTi), copper nickel titanium (CuNiTi), and beta titanium (TMA), are the types of frequently used wires. This study aimed to compare loading and unloading force on the deflection test of SS, NiTi, CuNiTi, and TMA orthodontic wires sized 0.016 x 0.022 inch on the load-deflection graph. This is a laboratoryexperimental research on a total of 16 pieces of SS, NiTi, CuNiTi, and TMA orthodontic wires sized 0.016 x 0.022 inches. The group was divided based on the type of material. The deflection test was performed using a universal testing machine with a press speed of 5 mm/minute. Loading and unloading forces were recorded on deflections of 0.5; 1; and1.5 mm. Statistical tests of differences among groups were carried out by ANOVA analysis (p-value ≤ 0.05) and post-hoc analysis with T-test. There were significant differences in the loading and unloading forces recorded on deflections of 0.5; 1; and 1.5 mm; except for deflections of 0.5 mm of the SS and nickel-titanium wires. The wire deflection force fromthe lowest to the highest was CuNiTi wire, nickel-titanium wire, TMA wire, and stainless-steel wire
Physiological maturation stage of cervical vertebrate index in cleft lip/palate and non-cleft lip/palate patients
No full textCleft lip and palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies. Cleft lip and palate patients encounter growth problems in lip and palate area, although their overall growth and development remains unknown. Cervical vertebral maturation are indicators of physiological maturation used in interceptive treatment and orthognathic surgery. The present study aims to determine physiological maturation stage of cervical vertebrae maturation index in cleft andnon-cleft patients. Lateral cephalogram of 26 cleft patients and 27 non-cleft patients with a range of chronological age from 8-16 years old were involved. The cervical vertebrae maturation were analyzed in six stages of cervical vertebrae maturation method of Hassel and Farman. Data were analyzed using t-test (p≤ 0.05). The result shows that physiologicalmaturation stage of cervical vertebrae maturation index in cleft and non-cleft patients has no significant difference in stage acceleration (p= 0.38), stage transition (p= 0.41) and deceleration (p= 0.39). Likewise, there is no significant difference in physiological maturation stage of cervical vertebrae maturation index between cleft and non-cleft patients.
Effect of β-carotene patch application on gingival crevicular fluid volume after repeated periapical radiographic exposure
No full textFree radicals generated during ionization process of X-rays can damage biological tissues. Radiation exposure to gingival sulcus area will damage endothelial cells and increase permeability of blood vessels under sulcular and junctional epithelium. That inflammation will increase gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume. Repeated periapical radiographs often occurs due to the unfulfillment of quality assurance and leads to an increase amount of radiation dose received by the patient. Previous studies have shown that β-carotene mucoadhesive gingival patch can penetrate mucous membrane and provide protection against radiation by reducing the number of gingival epithelial cells micronuclei. The aims of this study was to observe β-carotene mucoadhesive gingival patch effect in GCF volume from patient exposed to repeated periapical radiographs. We recruited 10 participants from patients who receive repeated periapical radiographs in instalation of dentomaxillofacial radiology, Prof Soedomo dental and oral hospital Faculty of Dentistry UGM. The teeth of the subjects are divided into control and treatment group. β-carotene mucoadhesive gingival patch was applied to treatment group. GCF was collected using an absorbing paper strip before and after exposure, then measured bysliding caliper. Paired T-test showed significant differences (p<0.05) between GCF volume before and after radiographic exposure in each group. Independent T-test showed significant differences (p<0.05) of GCF volume between control and treatment group. Conclusion of this study is β-carotene mucoadhesive gingival patch significantly reduce GCF volume after repeated periapical radiographic exposure
Effect of Bombyx mori silk-fiber volume on flexural strength of fiber-reinforced composite
No full textDental glass fiber is one of dental synthetic fibers that are widely used in dentistry as a dental resin reinforcement, such as in dentin replacement material. The availability of glass fiber is limited in Indonesia because it must be imported and relatively expensive. Bombyx mori silk-fiber is one of the strongest natural fiber derived from silkworm cocoon processing. Silk-fiber is used in medical applications as a post-surgical sutures, scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bombyx mori silk-fiber volume on the flexural strength of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC). We used Bombyx mori silk-fiber (Perhutani Pati, Central Java, Indonesia) and flowable composite (Charmfil flow, Denkist, Korea) in this study. The FRC samples were divided into 4 groups consisting of fiber volumes of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% (n = 4). Tests of flexural strength were performed according to ISO 4049. The results were analyzed using one way ANOVA (p<0.05). The study showed that the means of the flexural strength (MPa) of Bombyx mori silk-fiber FRC for volume of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% were 149.2 ± 5.5; 127.6 ± 3.8; 110.9 ± 3.5; 71.2 ± 4.2. One-way ANOVA test showed that the means of FRC flexural strength on the four groups’ silk-fiber Bombyx mori volumetric were significantly different (p<0.05). This study concluded that Bombyx mori silk-fiber volumetric influences the flexural strength of fiber- reinforced composite. An increase in Bombyx mori silk-fiber volume decreases the flexural strength of FRC because there is a small gap due to the weak interfacial bonds between dental flowable composite and Bombyx mori silk-silk-fiber
Correlation between pixel value of CBCT and Hounsfield Unit of MDCT on teeth and mandible cortical bone
No full textCone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an imaging modality widely used in dentistry over multi detector computed tomography (MDCT). It is in view of its high resolution with relatively lower dose. MDCT is able to show Hounsfield Unit (HU) which is proportional to x-ray attenuation degree by the tissue. The x-ray attenuation degree in CBCT is shown in grayscale value with pixel values unit. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of pixel values in CBCT with HU in MDCT. We used secondary data from RSGM Universitas Padjajaran patient who had CBCT and MDCT. Measurement was done on the cortical areas (lingual, buccal, and posterior side) of the mandible and teeth 47 (email, dentin, and pulp) with 5 regions of interest (ROIs) on each area. DICOM software was used for the measurement on CBCT and MDCT data. The result indicated a strong correlation between pixel value in CBCT and HU in MDCT on the cortical bone and teeth area (R=0.846). Linear regression resulted in an equation to derive HU value from pixel value of cortical bone and teeth area, which is y = 1,9011x + 177,15. The conclusion is HU can be derived from CBCT by converting with regression equation
Differences in surface roughness of enamel after whey-extract application and CPP-ACP in post extracoronal-tooth bleaching
No full textDemineralization is a process of partial or full tooth mineral loss which caused by acidic environment, for example the side effect of extracoronal bleaching treatment. Demineralization increases enamel surface roughness which leads plaque accumulation. Whey extract and calcium phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phophate (CPP-ACP) contain calcium and phosphate that can stop the demineralization through remineralization process. This study aimed to determine the differences of enamel surface roughness after whey extract and CPP-ACP application post- extracoronal bleaching. Experimental laboratory with pre- and post-test control group design was performed on 24 first maxillary premolars which devided into 3 groups. On group I, specimens were immersed in artificial saliva. Specimens in group II were immersed in whey extract meanwhile specimens were immersed in CPP-ACP on group III. Whey extract and CPP-ACP immersions were conducted 10 minutes every 12 hours for 15 days. The enamel surface roughness test was performed twice, after extracoronal bleaching treatment and after 15 days remineralization agent application. This study result indicated significant differences between group I and group II and between group I and group III (p0.05). This study showed whey extract decreased more enamel surface roughness than CPP-ACP but the difference was not significant statistically. So, whey extract and CPP-ACP showed similar remineralization potential