JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY
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Analysis of the Influence of Changes In Workpiece Rotation and High Speed Steel Lathe Tool Angles on the Surface Roughness of ST37 Workpieces
Full text linkTurning is a machining process used to shape products by cutting a rotating workpiece with a sharp chisel. One of the problems that occurs in the turning process is the level of surface roughness that does not meet the specified specifications. Even though the dimensions are in, the final product is rejected because the surface is too rough. The level of surface roughness is determined by several factors, including cutting speed, rotation speed and cutting edge geometry. Lathe tool geometry consists of clearance angle, relief angle, rake angle, and back rake angle. This research aims to determine the effect of spindle rotation speed and tool angle on the level of roughness of the workpiece on a lathe. Spindle rotation speed 300 rpm and 600 rpm. The only change in the tool geometry is the clearance angle with angles of 10°, 20° and 30°. The workpiece material used is ST37. The chisel material used is High speed steel (HSS). Testing of the results of the turning process is carried out by comparing the surface roughness with a surface roughness comparator. Cutting speed is not changed. From the research results, the recommended angle is an angle of 10º with the surface roughness results obtained being N5
Performance Analysis of TiAlN/TiN PVD Coated Carbide Tools in High-Speed and Dry Machining of AISI 1070 Alloy Steel
Full text linkThis study investigates the performance of TiAlN/TiN PVD-coated carbide tools in high-speed, dry machining of AISI 1070 alloy steel. AISI 1070 is a high-carbon steel known for its exceptional hardness, making tool wear a significant challenge. The research focuses on evaluating tool wear, wear mechanisms, and optimal cutting parameters. Quantitative assessments of flank wear (VB) were conducted, alongside detailed Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses to identify the primary wear mechanisms, such as abrasion and adhesion. The study determined that the optimal cutting conditions for minimal tool wear include a cutting speed of 231 m/min, a feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 1 mm. The TiAlN/TiN coatings significantly enhanced the tools' wear resistance and longevity, maintaining their cutting-edge sharpness under strenuous conditions. Additionally, the coatings effectively minimized the formation of white layers on the machined surface, preserving the mechanical properties and surface integrity of the alloy. These findings demonstrate the coatings' superiority in reducing friction and heat generation during high-speed machining. The study provides valuable insights for industrial applications, highlighting the potential of TiAlN/TiN-coated carbide tools to improve tool performance, operational efficiency, and overall productivity in high-speed machining environments
Study of the Flexural Resistance of Unsaturated Polyester Composite Reinforced by Finely Ground Sugarcane Bagasse Fiber for Light Construction
Full text linkOne of the polymer materials widely used in the field of engineering construction to be a candidate to replace metal materials is unsaturated polyester. This reason is because this material has many advantages such as low mass, ease of shape and resistance to moisture. However, this material still has many shortcomings, including low mechanical strength and easy cracking. Unsaturated polyester polymer material is widely used as a matrix for making composite materials for engineering fields such as vehicles and ship hulls. This research studies the flexural strength of composite materials from unsaturated polyester reinforced with finely ground sugarcane fibre. From the results of flexural strength testing, it is known that there is a tendency towards the variable addition of finely ground sugarcane fibre. increases from 10% to 20%, and after 20% the bending stress value tends to decrease. The maximum flexural stress value was obtained by adding a percentage of finely ground sugarcane fibre. with a percentage of 20% 102.32 MPa, this value can increase the maximum flexural stress value of pure polyester by 42.52 MPa, showing an increase of 249.63
Strength Analysis of Crusher Construction in Nyamplung Seed Peeling Machine Using the Finite Element Method
Full text linkThe nyamplung seed peeling machine uses a single roll crusher as its operating principle to automatically separate the nyamplung fruit's shell. One of the crucial parts of this apparatus that breaks down the nyamplung fruit shells is the crusher. The issue arises from the fact that the strength of the material utilized to construct the crusher is still unknown. This raises questions regarding how well the Nyamplung bean peeling machine crusher will function if it is used constantly. The purpose of this study is to identify the kind of material that works well for a nyamplung seed peeling machine crusher. An analysis will be conducted to ascertain the strength of the Nyamplung seed peeling machine crusher to follow up on this issue. The finite element method was used to conduct the testing. ASTM A36 and AISI 304 are the two materials that are compared in this analysis. In addition, it can be used to compare two different types of materials in terms of their strength, cost, and degree of safety. Following analysis for manual shaft calculations utilizing AISI 304 and ASTM A36 materials. With a yield strength of 250 N/mm², a safety factor of 9, a displacement of 0.022 mm, and von Mises stress readings of 29.044 N/mm² were achieved from the crusher simulation utilizing ASTM A36 material. Von Mises stress for the AISI 304 material was 28.471 N/mm², displacement was 0.023 mm, safety factor was 7, and yield strength was 206.804 N/mm²
Design an Eddy Current Dynamometer with 0.85 mm Copper Wire and 560 Core Coil Windings
Full text linkThe eddy current dynamometer is a torque test measuring instrument calculated from the loading of an engine that rotates on its shaft to stop a rate from engine rotation and produce the engine loading power. The eddy current dynamometer is a torque test measuring instrument calculated from the loading of an engine that rotates on its shaft to stop a rate from engine rotation and produce the engine loading power. The braking system is one of the most important things in an engine, to stop the engine from moving braking is needed. This study aims to calculate the torque of the eddy current dynamometer. With a copper wire diameter of 0.85 mm and 560 windings of the core coil. Torque results show an increase in each variation in current and rotation. The torque power reaches its maximum point at 3000 RPM revolutions at 15V voltage at 25.4A amperes, namely 2.15 Nm. The number of windings on the wire coil is proportional to the magnitude of the solenoid value. The calculation of the maximum value induction at the center of the magnetic force pole core is obtained from the wire diameter of 0.85mm and 560 windings of the core coil at a voltage of 15V in amperes of 25.4A at a roller rotation of 3000 RPM of 254-4 Tesla or Wb/m2. And from both ends of the polar core solenoids, the result of magnetic strength is smaller than the magnetic induction center of the polar core, which is 127-4 Tesla or Wb/m2
Analysis of the Effect of Additional Number of 24, 26 And 28 Blade of Pelton Turbine from PLA to Turbine Performance
Full text linkIndonesia is currently unable to provide 100% electricity supply for its people due to uneven access to infrastructure development. This causes the need to build alternative energy to meet these needs. Water flow has potential energy that has been widely used in various countries to be converted into electrical energy. One way of converting is with a Pelton turbine. A Pelton turbine can work well, influenced by several parameters, namely the height of the waterfall, the angle of the blades, the flow rate, the number of nozzles, the number of blades, the weight of the turbine, etc. In this study the parameters set were the flow rate according to the pump flow rate, namely 18 liters/minute, the number of turbine blades used were 24, 26 and 28 pieces. The diameter of the turbine runner is 300 mm, and the load used in measuring the current is 50 watts. The results showed that the higher the rotational speed, the higher the turbine power, along with the increasing number of blades tested. The highest turbine power is at 28 blades and the turbine rotation is 385.42 Rpm which is 5.69 watts. While the lowest is at 24 blades and turbine rotation of 367.95 Rpm which is equal to 4.83 watts. The power difference between blades 24 and 28 is 15%. The PLA material used as the turbine blade material and acrylic as the runner material results in the moment of inertia of the turbine when rotating at blade 24 which is 0.023 kg.m² and blade 28 which is 0.025 kg.m². The mass of the turbine becomes lighter resulting in the power difference between blades 24 and 28 not being too far
Analysis of GTAW and FCAW Welding in Impact Testing in Steel Micro Structures
Full text linkWelded joints, which encompass the criteria of welding base metal connections in the material, welding speed, material quality, and material toughness, are an integral aspect of tank construction. Steel material joints frequently fail during the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) and Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) welding procedures because air droplets become trapped in the steel material during the welding process. Finding the primary reasons for welding failures is the goal of this study. Impact and microstructure testing are used in the welding research method on SS400 steel. The FCAW welding process uses E71T-1C (Kobe) Electrodes Steel Familiarc AWS A5.2 E71T-1C) at varying currents of 80 A (Root), 100 A (Filler), and 120 A (Capping), against SS400 steel plate material with a thickness of 10 mm x 200 mm x 200 mm in V Buut seams Joints. The GTAW ER 70 SG (Familiarc Filler/Rods TG-S51T) Electrode classification allows for 90 A (Root), 110 A (Filler), and 120 A (Capping). Plate 1 has a value of 36.3 kJ/inch in the heat input calculation findings at the three section sites, while Plate 2 has the highest value of 61 kJ/inch. In the meantime, FCAW plate 2 has an impact strength value of 142.1 J, and plate 1 has an average hit in the test results at each of the three places of the specimen, according to the impact test findings. Three welding parameter points were used to record the findings of the metallographic testing's microstructure observations. plates 1 and 2 on the capping, filler, and root. being aware of the areas in the welded junction between plates 1 and 2 that are impacted by heat in the microstructure. Because of the material's strong heat input, which makes the steel brittle and promotes the formation of pearlite rather than ferrite, plate 2 has the highest value in the impact tes
Hybrid Energy (Thermoelectric Generator-Archimedes Screw Turbine) Study and Experiment as a Green Energy Generator Based on the Internet of Things (IoT)
Full text linkThe heat energy from the hot water source of Mount Sinabung can be used as a source of electrical energy before being channeled as a source of hot water baths. The hot water flow has a fairly high temperature and a flow rate that can be converted into a source of electricity generation using a Micro Hydro Power Plant (PLTMH) and Thermoelectric Generator (TEG). This data collection was simulated using a heat source designed in a reservoir and a cold water flow that is channeled into the PLTMH-TEG system space as a source of temperature delta. This paper aims to study the TEG series TEG1-199-1.4-0.5 and the Archimedes screw Turbine (PLTMH) as a Hybrid Generator (Green Energy). Data analysis was carried out to calculate the system power output, battery charging time, and efficiency of the TEG and PLTMH. Data analysis in this study applies the Internet of Things (IoT). Test data shows that the maximum output parameter of the PLTMH during testing, obtained a maximum voltage of 20.42 Vdc. The maximum current is 759.75 mA and the maximum water discharge is 2.31 m3/s. In the TEG system, the power generated by the TEG is 20.64 watts at a temperature difference of 70.5˚C. It is concluded that the higher the amount of discharge flowing into the Archimedes turbine system and the temperature difference absorbed by the TEG, the greater the power that will be generated and vice versa
Corrosion Rate of Ship Fuel Pipes Due to the Use of HSD B0 and HSD B30
Full text linkPipes are an important part of the world of shipping because most ships use pipes as a medium for transferring liquids from one tank to another or from one place to another. The use of biodiesel B30 as a mixture of diesel fuel high speed diesel (HSD) has an impact on the engine and other components. The method used in calculating the corrosion rate is the loss method which refers to the ASTM G31-71 standard using a test kit flow loop and potentiostat. Corrosion rate obtained by using a test toolflow loop until the 75th day that the B0 corrosion rate was 0.003534 mm/y and the B30 corrosion rate was 0.0047366 mm/y. The corrosion rate obtained by using a potentiostat corrosion testing tool showed that the B0 corrosion rate was 0.00000016 mm/y and the B30 corrosion rate was 0.00000963 mm/y. There is an additional 30%fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) palm crude oil can increase the corrosion rate
Analysis of Fouling Factors on Heat Transfer in Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers Type 1-2 Pass
No full textA heat exchanger is a device that is used to change the temperature or fluid phase by absorbing or releasing heat between the hot fluid and the cold fluid. One type of heat exchanger that is most widely used in industry is shell and tube. Optimal heat exchanger performance has an important role to support production stability in various industries. The performance of shell and tube heat exchangers is affected by fouling factors which are the formation of deposits on the surface of the heat exchanger which can inhibit heat transfer and increase the resistance to fluid flow in the heat exchanger. After analysis, it is known that the mass flow rate of the flue gas is 0.06523 kg/s, the effectiveness of the heat exchanger is 66.837%, the overall gross area is 3.317350717 m2, and the effective heat transfer area is 2.211567145 m2