JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURES, MATERIALS AND ENERGY
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Analysis of Fuel Level Monitoring System Design In Fuel Tank Generator Set
Full text linkThe fuel monitoring system for Generator Sets in mining areas is currently non-existent, resulting in an inability to determine fuel depletion status, consequently rendering the units inoperable and not functioning as intended. This research aims to design a fuel monitoring system for generator set fuel tanks using LoRa communication and ultrasonic sensors. Additionally, it seeks to investigate the effects of different LoRa bandwidth variations and distances on the time of air (ToA) for fuel level data transmission. The study employs an experimental method to explore the relationship between LoRa bandwidth variations (KHz) of 125, 250, and 500 KHz, as well as distances between modules (m) of 25, 50, 75, and 100 meters, concerning the time of air (ToA) for fuel level data transmission. The results of this research include the design and implementation of a fuel level monitoring device. The study demonstrates that the shortest data transmission time occurs at a bandwidth of 125 KHz and a distance of 25 meters, while the longest data transmission time occurs at a bandwidth of 500 KHz and a distance of 100 meters. This indicates that both bandwidth and distance significantly influence the time of air (ToA) or data transmission duration for fuel level monitoring
Efficiency Analysis (Debit & Head Losses) of Centrifugal Pumps at PDAM Tirta Terubuk Bengkalis
Full text linkA pump is a device used to raise liquid from a lower position to a higher position. This study analyzes the efficiency of the centrifugal pump used in the air supply system at the Tirta Terukalis Bengkalis Water Supply Company (PDAM). The main focus of the analysis is on the parameters of water discharge, head losses, and centrifugal pump efficiency. This analysis was carried out at PDAM Tirta Terubuk Bengkalis. The data used in this study include the results of an airflow rate of 0.0073 m3/s, a pressure loss of 11 m, and a pump efficiency of 73%. The results of the study revealed that the water discharge was 0.0073 m3/s and the loss stress was 11 m, the pump efficiency reached 73%. This study provides insight into the performance of centrifugal pumps in certain situations in PDAM Bengkalis
An Empirical Investigation of Static Compression Tests on Mortar Composite Materials with Different Proportions of Fly Ash
Full text linkThe engineering of composite mortar materials presents substantial economic advantages and significant potential for advancement in the construction sector, particularly through applications such as plant vases, coral transplant media, seawalls, wall decorations, bricks, paving blocks, and acoustic panels. The use of fly ash, an industrial byproduct, can facilitate the production of high-quality materials in alignment with the government’s circular economy initiatives. This study employs a mortar mixture with a 1:1 ratio combined with varying compositions of fly ash at 10%, 30%, and 50%, utilizing an experimental testing approach that includes a static load compression test. The purpose of the compression testing apparatus is to ascertain the compressive strength characteristics and the mass percentage of the materials. The findings revealed that the maximum compressive strength achieved with 10% fly ash was 34.07 MPa; however, variations in the fly ash composition led to a reduction in the material's toughness properties by 10.42% and 16.53%, respectively. The recorded compressive strength values comply with the quality standards set forth in SNI 03-0691-1996 for paving blocks classified as type B quality. Furthermore, the variations in composition positively influenced the mass percentage, with considerable increases of 66.67% and 45.33% corresponding to the differing fly ash compositions
Wing Simulation Using Naca 0018 and 0024 and Aluminum Alloy 7075 T6-SN and 7050-T7451 Materials for Lift and Drag
Full text linkAnalysis of the airfoil's shape on an airplane wing is essential because geometry can determine aerodynamic performance and the forces at work, such as lift and drag. In this research, two types of aluminum materials, namely Aluminum Alloy 7075 T6-SN and Aluminum Alloy 7050-T7451, will be tested to find out which one can produce the highest lifting force and drag force on NACA 0018 and 0024 as well as look at the pressure contour and speed Contour of each type of material using ANSYS Fluent software at a speed of 200 m/s. From the simulation and calculation results, it was obtained that the highest lift coefficient and drag coefficient on the NACA 0018 Airfoil were using Aluminum Alloy 7075-T6 SN material, namely 6.83 N and 6.89 N. Meanwhile, in the NACA 0024 Airfoil simulation, the highest lift coefficient and thrust coefficient were obtained. It also uses aluminum Alloy 7075-T6 SN, namely 3.23 N and 4.64 N
Optimization of Heating Time for Natural Rubber Motorcycle Inner Tire Patches
Full text linkTires have the main function of the vehicle to sustain the strength of the vehicle. Damage to tires that often occurs is punctured and broken. One way to repair it is by patching the inner tube. The purpose of this study was to find out the optimal heating time when patching tires. Tires are said to have optimal strength when they have strong adhesion and have no defects when given air pressure. The sample preparation method used is conventional tire patching. The tests carried out were adhesive testing, macro testing, FTIR testing, and thickness testing. The inner tube used is natural rubber. The test results show that the heating time of 15 minutes has the highest adhesive strength and the bond between the tire patch and the patch glue is well connected. However, the longer the heating time, the thinner the inner tube becomes. The thinner the inner tube causes the "swelling" defect in the inner tube when the inner tube is given air. The results of the FTIR test show that the rubber glue patches are natural rubber materials. So that the adhesion that occurs this time is the relationship between natural rubber and natural rubbe
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Condenser Heat Transfer in the Distillation Process of Serai Wangi Leaves
Full text linkThe condenser is a critical component in systems designed to condense steam into liquid. The performance of a condenser can be influenced by the rate of heat transfer, vacuum pressure, and effectiveness. The aim of this research is to ascertain the effectiveness value and the variables affecting the performance of the condenser in the distillation process of citronella leaves, as well as to understand the impact of the heat transfer rate on film condensation (condensate steam mass). The methodology for assessing effectiveness values utilized the Log Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) and Effectiveness – Number of Transfer Unit (NTU) approaches, alongside comparing the condensate steam mass with the steam mass flow rate to achieve film condensation. The research findings revealed an effectiveness value of 89% for the condenser, with 36% of the condensate steam mass converting into bio-oil. Influential variables include a capacity ratio of 0.0182840 and a heat transfer rate of 186,544.68 W. The LMTD was calculated to be 29.74°C. Thus, it can be concluded that the condenser used in the distillation process of citronella leaves still maintains good performance
Core Mold Machinery Optimization Process CNC Milling Machine
Full text linkGlobal competition for the same product segmentation, companies need to innovate and optimize the products they produce. One of the optimizations carried out is by improving the machining process in the manufacture of mold components. The program creation process is carried out using Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) software from Delcam (PowerMill 2020) which is then used on CNC Milling machines. An improvement process is needed for making a CAM program so that production quality continues to meet standards and the production process time becomes more effective. To optimize the mold production process, reduce mold production costs, maintain the quality of the resulting production. By collecting data obtained by interacting directly with irrational parties, conducting experiments and directly observing the operational processes carried out in research, so as to understand the problems, critical points in the field. There are several factors that have an impact on research, namely on the quality that the quality of the product when viewed from the stock model is smooth and according to standards. Then delivery (Delivery) reduced machining time or cycle time on Core parts will provide reciprocal delivery to the next process at a more appropriate time. For the safety of the Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) program and the use of overhangs, if verified using PowerMill Software, no collisions or program crashes were found. It can be ascertained that the manufacturing program in this study is safe to use and the productivity obtained is more optimal
Wear Analysis of Gear Pump Supply Fat Coating Liquid Cat Food
Full text linkTrochoid Top 208 HBM Nippon Oil Pump (NOP) is an important unit in the cat food manufacturing process. The pump system acts as a fluid transfer agent by directing fluid from the tank to the nozzle channel. Based on Pareto and Fishbone diagram data, it was found that the main causes of problems that often occur with the Nippon Oil Pump (NOP) Type Trochoid Top 208 HBM are filter blockage (5 times) and pump gear wear (3 times). The aim of this analysis is to reduce damage to the Nippon Oil Pump (NOP) Type Slocoid Top 208 HBM and increase the production of higher quality cat food. From the results of the analysis carried out, there were several findings that caused wear on the gear pump, including the viscosity of the material being channeled which was very thick, reaching 1.37 cp. Meanwhile, the pump specifications used are only 2L/minute with a pump motor power of 0.75kw 1.86A 380V. The filter pore particles are too small, reaching 250 microns and the dimensions of the pipe used have a flow pipe diameter of ½”. From the analysis carried out, replace the pump capacity to a minimum of 4L/minute, then replace the filter with pore particles of 600 microns. And the pipe uses a diameter of 1"
Design of Distillation Equipment for Extracting Atsiri Oils from Serai Wangi Leaves Using the Steam and Water Method
Full text linkDistillation is a technique for extracting Atsiri oils from various plants, one notable example being the Serai Wangi plant (Cymbopogon nardus), a type of herb commonly used in medicine, beauty products, and even as an additive to fuel. Atsiri oils from Serai Wangi can be produced through various methods, such as extraction. The advantage of this method is that it does not require high temperatures, thereby preventing the oil from degrading easily. Consequently, this distillation equipment design was developed to assist farming communities in acquiring an efficient distillation machine. The design process began with a literature study related to the design of distillation equipment. It involved calculating the design of the device and testing the functionality of the distillation equipment. The parameters observed were the effective capacity of the device, its performance, and the yield results. The outcome of this Serai Wangi oil distillation equipment design, featuring an evaporation tank, is that the evaporation process, where the burning furnace heats the water in the tank and steam is directed to the condenser through a connecting pipe, operates efficiently and can produce Atsiri oils of high quality and quantity
Numerical Modification of Piping Systems to Increase Flow Velocity in Receiving Facilities
Full text linkThe process of unloading avtur via bridger capacity of 24 KL through the piping system at the DPPU SSK II receiving facility takes 55-60 minutes with an average unloading flow rate is 27 m3/hour while the pump flow rate specification used is 60 m3/hour. In the process of unloading avtur through a piping system, there are various kinds of fitting. Where in the operation of the piping system can result losses caused by pipe roughness, pipe length, flow capacity, and components installed in the system. This study aims to determine the total head, minor and major losses of the piping system using the Darcy-Weisbach equation in mathematical calculation methods and simulations in the pipe flow expert software, the result of simulations will be compared with mathematical calculations to modify the piping system so can be obtained for increasing the flow rate of fluid flow to speed up the unloading process of avtur via bridger. The results of this study are: 1.) The total head value of the receiving piping system using the calculation method is 16.51 m while using a flow expert simulation is 12.9 m. 2.) The results of mathematical calculations of the energy equation for the piping system at the receiving facility obtained a flow rate of 55.2 m3/hour. 3.) From the results of system modifications by increasing the flow rate capacity to 80 m3 / hour and the pump head achieved 16.05 m, According to the simulation results of the software flow expert, pumping flow rate increase of 72 m3/ hour