ETIKONOMI
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Does Research and Development Influence Balance of Trade? A Noble GMM-PVAR Analysis
No full textResearch Originality: Research and development expenditure (RDE) is essential for international trade to evolve continuously, especially during the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). Despite this significance, research on RDE and balance of trade (BOT) must be substantially improved. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the RDE-BOT nexus.Research Objectives: This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between RDE and the balance of trade (BOT)Research Methods: Using panel data of 64 countries, we analyse RDE-BOT relationship by employing the generalized method of moment panel vector autoregressive (GMM-PVAR) techniques. Empirical Results: The results show that RDE and BOT affect each other. RDE may initially have a detrimental effect on BOT; however, investment in RDE improves export competitiveness and thereby upholds BOT. Implications: Overall, the findings offer a nuanced understanding of RDE\u27s potential benefits on trade outcomes and guide policymakers seeking to optimize their countries\u27 trade positions in an increasingly globalized and knowledge-intensive economy.JEL Classification: J1, O3How to Cite:Dutta, K. D., Saha, M., Faysal, A., (2024). Does Research and Development Influence Balance of Trade? A Noble GMM-PVAR Analysis. Etikonomi, 23(2), 527 – 538. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i2.37798
The Impact of Financial Development on Unemployment: The Case of the People’s Republic of China (PRC)
No full textResearch Originality: As a populous country with a population of 1.4 billion, China faces the imperative issue of employment. This paper focuses on the impact of financial credit and financial deposits on different levels of unemployment in an attempt to analyse the unemployment problem in China.Research Objectives: The paper explores the impact of financial development on unemployment in China.Research Methods: Using panel data from 31 provinces and cities in China (spanning from 2007 to 2021), categorizing unemployment situations, employing quantile regression models to assess the impact of financial development on different levels of unemployment in China.Empirical Results: The findings indicate a negative correlation between financial development and unemployment levels in China. The study reveals that financial credit significantly impacts unemployment in provinces where the economy is higher than average GDP. However, in regions where the economy is lower than average GDP, the impact of financial deposits on unemployment is significant.Implications: This study establishes that the adoption of financial expansionary policies by the government can reduce unemployment and help guide the formulation of more precise and effective economic policies.JEL Classification: G21, E24, C33, O53How to Cite:Yixin, L., Radzi, N.A.M., Ma, M., & Saidi, N.A., (2024). The Impact of Financial Development on Unemployment: The Case of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Etikonomi, 23(2), 353 – 368. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i2.37997
Elevating Shariah Hotel Hospitality: Secrets to Guest Satisfaction and Loyalty in Indonesia
No full textResearch Originality: This research highlights the importance of personalized services, organizational image, and effective customer relationship management (CRM) strategies aligned with Islamic principles. The research aims to distinguish shariah hospitality and deepen understanding of customer behavior in this cultural and religious context.Research Objectives: This study examines how personalized services, company image (CI) and customer perceived value (CPV) affect guest satisfaction and loyalty in Shariah-based hotels, providing insights into customer behavior.Research Methods: The review analyzed customer relationship management, organization picture, and perceived value as independent factors, with loyalty as the dependent variable and satisfaction as the mediator. Data came from 220 guests at Shariah hotels in Indonesia.Empirical Results: The study found strong links between personalized services, a positive organization picture, and perceived value with guest satisfaction and loyalty in Shariah-based hotels, emphasizing the need for effective CRM, a robust brand, and high-quality service.Implications: This research advances customer relationship management (CRM) and Customer Perceived Value (CPV) theories in Shariah hotels through personalized services, effective communication, and strong branding, guiding hotels to prioritize these strategies for customer loyalty in hospitality. JEL Classification: L83, M31, M39How to Cite:Sukma, A., Divinagracia, M. R. G., Divinagracia, L. A. (2024). The Path to Guest Satisfaction: Leveraging Personalized Services and Islamic Principles in Shariah Hospitality. Etikonomi, 23(2), 449 – 464. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i1.38502
Antecedents of Intention to Use Ride-Sharing Platform
No full textThe Ride-Sharing Platform (RSP) implementation in Indonesia has been emerging recently. The use of this platform is increasing significantly year by year. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the attitudes and intentions of RSP users in Indonesia. This research discussed the role of customers in service innovation and the relationship between Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease-of-Use, Word-of-Mouth (WOM), and Intention to Use RSP from the perspective of TAM and TPB. This research used 208 data originating from 219 samples acquired through questionnaire distribution. The obtained data were then analyzed using the SmartPLS Program. This research shows that Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease-of-Use, and word of mouth positively affect the Intention to Use RSP mediated by Customer Attitude toward Service Innovation. This research could contribute to the RSP industry and those who want to join RSP as one of the service providers. This study contributes considerably to the breadth and rigor of the RSP literature from the perspectives of TAM and TPB.JEL Classification: M31, M37, L92How to Cite:Tjokrosaputro, M. (2023). Antecedents of Intention to Use Ride-Sharing Platform. Etikonomi, 22(2), 429 – 442. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v22i2.26127
Exchange Rate Pass-Through and Economic Openness Under Inflation Targeting Framework in Asian ITF Economies
No full textThis study investigates overall ERPT in four ITF-adopting Asian Economies, emphasizing the trilemma between ERPT, economic openness, and the inflation target. Based on quarterly data observations from 1999 to the fourth quarter of 2022 with an application of combined distributed lag and adaptive expectation models that allows a fair assessment concerning ERPT throughout the time dimension, we reveal evidence that exchange rate changes will be transmitted immediately to increasing domestic prices in the short run. Similarly, increased interest policy, GDP, and trade openness will push consumer prices up in the short term through adaptive expectation mechanisms. However, the pass-through effect tends to decrease in the long run due to a credible ITF implementation. Meanwhile, the pass-through effect concerning trade openness varies across countries in the short run, while openness tends to increase pressures on consumer prices in the long run. This condition allows further investigation to examine the pass-through effect and its transmission to various prices, including prices, imports, export prices, economic structure, and the effect of fear of floating in the ITF.JEL Classification: E31, E52, E58, F31, F41How to Cite:Kurnia, A. S., & Sugiyanto, FX. (2023). Exchange Rate Pass-Through and Economic Openness Under Inflation Targeting Framework in Asian ITF Economies. Etikonomi, 22(2), 357 – 368. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v22i2.30967
The Role of Export in Boosting Indonesia’s GDP during Crisis: Macroeconomic Conditions
No full textResearch examining the determinants of export activities affecting economic growth during the pandemic is gaining global interest, particularly in Indonesia, which recently reduced its fuel subsidy as a unique case in this field. Hence, this study examines the role of export and macroeconomic conditions, including fuel price, exchange rate, and interest rate, in boosting Indonesia’s GDP during the crisis. We examine this relationship by conducting a structural equation model and path analysis on secondary data from 1995-2022. The result shows that both partially and simultaneously, fuel prices, exchange rates, and interest rates significantly affect exports. On the other hand, an increase in export activity improves Indonesian GDP. Thus, simultaneous control of fuel prices, exchange rate, interest rate, and export value can improve Indonesian GDP growth even during the crisis. Based on this result, this article proposes suggestions to the government for a stable fuel price, exchange rate, interest rate, and government policy to promote future economic growth.JEL Classification: E31, E43, F31, C32, O47How to Cite:Goestjahjanti, F. S., Pasaribu, S. B., Novitasari, D., Himmy’azz, I. K., & Winanti. (2023). The Role of Export in Boosting Indonesia’s GDP During Crisis: Macroeconomic Conditions. Etikonomi, 22(2), 369– 388. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v22i2.32381
Digital Technology Adoption in Entrepreneurs: Are Ex-Migrant Workers More Adaptive?
No full textResearch Originality: Migrant workers should have improved their skills and be more adaptive to applying digital technology. This research contribution focuses on ex-migrant workers with current careers as business owners.Research Objectives: This research reviewed the determinant factor of technological adoption on entrepreneurs with the experience of ex-migrants based on some factors, such as migrant, demographic, and business.Research Methods: The applied method of this study is - logit regression analysis. This study examined 329 business owners of 1.518 workers as surveyed by the National Workforce Survey, SAKERNAS, in Mataram, in the period 2022.Empirical Results: The research result was the lower digital technology adoption of ex-migrant business owners than the non-ex-migrant workers. The causal factor was the poor educational level of ex-migrant workers in Indonesia.Implications: The empirical implication of this study is - to determine the empowerment program of ex-migrant workers regarding the digital technology utility within the scope of entrepreneurship activities and technological transfer through the ex-migrant workers of Indonesia. JEL Classification: J6, M2, O3How to Cite:Haer, J., Gravitiani, E., & Putro, T. R. (2024). Digital Technology Adoption in Entrepreneurs: Are Ex-Migrant Workers More Adaptive?. Etikonomi, 23(1), 1 – 10. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i1.34681
Factors Affecting Consumers\u27 Comprehensive Vehicle Insurance Policy Purchasing Behavior
No full textResearch Originality: With increasing vehicle values in Türkiye and high insurance costs, consumers\u27 vehicle insurance purchasing preferences emerge as a dilemma. The study examines consumers\u27 insurance purchasing behavior in this dilemma\u27s context of risk and overconfidence tendencies.Research Objectives: This study aims to reveal the effects of individual characteristics, attitude toward risk, and overconfidence tendencies on comprehensive vehicle insurance policy purchasing behavior.Research Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 428 selected vehicle owners in Turkey, and the questionnaire results were analyzed using the binary logit model.Empirical Results: The study found that gender, education level, income level, market value of the vehicle, attitude towards risk, and self-confidence level have statistically significant effects on comprehensive vehicle insurance policy purchase decisions.Implications: The relationship between risk-taking behavior, overconfidence, and insurance purchasing behavior requires further discussion. Government policies that increase insurance awareness are recommended to weaken this relationship.JEL Classification: D12, G22, C25How to Cite:Kutlu, M., Sumer Adin, S., Mola, H., & Şahin Kutlu, S. (2024). Analysis of Factors Affecting Consumers\u27 Comprehensive Vehicle Insurance Policy Purchasing Behavior. Etikonomi, 3(2), 539 – 554. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i2.37807
Fiscal Transfer Policies and Road Infrastructure Reduce Income Inequality in Rural-Urban Areas
No full textFiscal transfer policies and road infrastructure are essential in reducing inequality in Indonesia. However, previous research examining the effect of fiscal transfer policies and road infrastructure still came up with inconclusive findings, thus making it necessary to conduct further research on rural, urban, and sub-national areas in Indonesia. This study examines the impact of fiscal transfer policies and road infrastructure on reducing income inequality in rural, urban, and sub-national areas. The authors utilized time-series data from 2012 to 2021 and 34 provinces. The fixed effect GLS model showed that Kuznets\u27 hypothesis existed at rural, urban, and sub-national levels. The results also showed that the special allocations fund significantly reduced income inequality in rural, urban, and sub-national areas. However, road infrastructure was significant only in urban areas. The findings suggest that the special allocation fund policy can be expanded in scope and increased in number to accelerate the reduction in income inequality.JEL Classification: O15, L92, O18, O23How to Cite:Khusaini, K., Sentosa, B. M., & Putro, T. R. (2023). Fiscal Policies and Road Infrastructure Reduce Income Inequality in Rural-Urban Areas. Etikonomi, 22(2), 333 – 356. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v22i2.28618
Assimilating Islamic Banking Customer Loyalty: A Halal Brand Personality Perspective Model
No full textAs Indonesian government promotes Indonesia as the center of the Halal Industry Nation, numerous strategies are being implemented across every sector, including Islamic Financial Institution. This research focuses investigating factors that can influence customer loyalty. To bridge this gap, the study aims to create a model for increasing customer loyalty based on the Halal Brand Personality approach, by exploring competitive advantage as a mediating variable. This research is considered important due to the relatively small market share of Islamic banking in Indonesia, which faces intense competition. This is an explanatory research with a quantitative approach that employs survey method to collect 225 data points. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to analyze the direct and indirect relationship of each variable. It was found that from all the hypotheses, six were rejected, and the model was validated. The result delineated that the model proposed in this research can assist branch managers in maximizing and strengthening Islamic banking’s distinctive products and sophisticated technology, which are its primary competitive advantages when competing with other banking sectors.JEL Classification: M20, M21, M31How to Cite:Sarassina, R. R. F., Furwanti, R., & Lestari, D. M., (2023). Assimilating Islamic Banking Customer Loyalty: A Halal Brand Perspective Model. Etikonomi, 22(2), 247 – 262. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v22i2.31566