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Daya Antagonis Jamur Trichoderma sp. Terhadap Jamur Diplodia sp. Penyebab Busuk Batang Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis)
Get PDFStem and branch parts of citrus trees is often attacked by blendok disease caused by the fungus Diplodia sp. Control of the disease by using synthetic fungicides are less effective in controlling diseases caused by fungal pathogens. Fungal biological control is using Trichoderma sp. as an antagonist agents. This study aimed to determine the antagonists power of fungus Trichoderma sp. in controlling fungus Diplodia sp. causes of citrus stem rot. Antagonist test covers the wide average of mycelium and calculate the percentage of antagonistic fungus Trichoderma sp. from day 1st to 7th. Results showed that the fungus Trichoderma sp. can inhibit the growth of fungus Diplodia sp. with an area of?? mycelium on day 6 and day 7 of 6240 mm2 with antagonists percentage reaches 100%
EksplorasiLaba-laba (Araneae) di Hutan Sebelah Darat Desa LinggaKecamatan Sungai Ambawang
Get PDFSpider is member of Arthropoda that are often found in nature. Exploration of spider is an effort to collect information to the type of spider in its habitat. The aim of the research is to investigate spiders in Sebelah Darat Forestof Lingga Village, district of Ambawang River. The study conducted by using observation method. Five line transects with 500 m length was established. Direction of line transects was determined using simple random sampling based on 8 aspects of compass. 12 genera of spiders are found, which are derived from 7 families, namely Araneidae (Agalenatea, Neoscona, Argiope, Araneus, Larinioides), Tetragnathidae (Tetragnatha, Metellina), Lycosidae (Hippasa), Nephilidae (Nephila), Theridiidae (Latrodectus), Agelenidae (Tegenaria), and Sparassidae (Olios). The number of individuals and genera spiders are higher in transect 1 (northeast direction) than the other four transect.Sebelah Darat Forestsupports the life of the spider.The area has less direct sunlight, the temperature ranged from 27.5-30 0C, low wind speed (0-0.7m/s) and high humidity (78-92.5%)
Kualitas Perairan Kanal Sungai Jawi dan Sungai Raya Dalam Kota Pontianak Ditinjau dari Struktur Komunitas Mikroalga Perifitik
Get PDFSungai Jawi and Sungai Raya Dalam canals were frequently benefited by communities for a variety of daily necessities. These activities led to changes in water conditions and disrupt community structure in it. The purpose of this study was to determine the periphytic micro-algae community structure and the level of water pollution in Sungai Jawi and Sungai Raya Dalam canals. The samples were collected in Sungai Jawi and Sungai Raya Dalam canals. The determination of stations was based on environmental setting. Each canal was divided into 4 stations with 3 points laying substrate. The results showed that the periphytic micro-algae were from 3 divisions and 3 classes, namely Chrysophyta (Bacillariophyceae), Chlorophyta (Chlorophyceae), and Cyanophyta (Cyanophyceae). There were 26 genera of periphytic micro-algae in Sungai Jawi Canal and 25 genera of periphytic micro-algae in Sungai Raya Dalam Canal. Total abundance of periphytic micro-algae in Sungai Jawi Canal was 378,15 - 651,86 ind/cm2 and in Sungai Raya Dalam was 488,50 - 657,13 ind/cm2. The highest abundance was found in the both canal from the Bacillariophyceae class, Navicula genus. Shannon-Winner diversity index on Sungai Jawi and Sungai Raya Dalam canals was classified as middle category (2,0393 - 2,5690). Pollution level that occurred on both canal was still relatively mild
Aktivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Metanol Daun Buas-Buas (Premna serratifolia) Terhadap Jamur Diplodia sp. Pada Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa)
Get PDFThe infection of Diplodia sp. Fungi on tangerine (Citrus nobilis) causes the surface of main trunk or branches to dry up. Generally, the effort of controlling disease on plants is done by the use of synthethic pesticidies that have negative impact, so that it should be mitigated and the use of botanical pesticides should be promoted. The aim of this study was to determine the antifungal activity of methanol extract of P. serratifolia leaves toward the growth of Diplodia sp. fungi. The completely randomized design (CRD) was used on this study with 6 treatments which were control, DMSO, the extract concentrations of 25%,50%, 75%, and 100%. The result showed that the methanol extract of Premna leaves significantly affecting the growth of Diplodia sp. fungi. The concentration of 100% was the one to produce the highest inhibition percentage on Diplodia sp. fungi growth, which reached 93,31% with very strong activity
Isolasi dan Karakteristik Bakteri Pendegradasi Selulosa pada Ampas Tebu Kuning (Bagasse)
Get PDFCellulose is the main carbohydrate synthesized by plants and it occupies almost 60% of the components of the structure of plants. Natural process of decomposition of cellulose requires the help of microorganisms that secrete the enzyme cellulase. Bagasse contains 32-34% cellulose. This study aims to determine the cellulose degrading bacteria of yellow bagasse and know the ability of the bacteria to degrade cellulose bagasse. The samples were taken from ice-cane seller in the District of South Pontianak. To isolate of cellulose degrading bacteria, the dilution method of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was used and HC test was performed on solid CMC. Dry weight of test was performed using a fresh bagasse as a source of cellulose. The results showed that there are fifteen pure isolates of cellulose degrading bacteria consisting of eight genera, namely Psedomomas, Bacillus, Nocardia, Kurthia, Vibrio, Flavobacterium, Neissera, and Micrococcus. AT3BPS2 isolates (Nocardia) has the largest ratio of 2.67 HC. Isolates that have the lowest HC constellation is AT1BPS1 isolates (Pseudomonas) 1.06. Isolates that has the highest cellulose degradation ability is AT1BPS2 (Pseudomonas) at 19.28% and isolates with the lowest degradation ability is AT3BPS2 (Nocardia) at 7.21%
Etnofarmakologi Tumbuhan Mangrove Achantus ilicifolius L.,Acrostichum speciosum L. dan Xylocarpus rumphiiMabb.Di Desa Sungai Tekong Kecamatan Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Get PDFMangrove forest is a very useful area to protect coast from abrasion and also serves benefits for coastal community such as materials for medicines. The aim of this study was to determine the contents of phytochemical compounds in mangroves Achantus ilicifolius, Acrostichum speciosum and Xylocarpus rumphii those have been used as materials for medicines by the villages of Sungai Tekong village, Sungai Kakap district of Kubu Raya regency. The study was conducted in March to June 2014 at Sungai Tekong village and Biology Laboratorium of Math and Sciences Faculty of Tanjungpura University. The method used were semi-structurized interviews and phytochemical test. The result showed that mangroves Achantus ilicifolius, Acrostichum speciosum and Xylocarpus rumphiithose have been used as a medicine contain phytochemical compounds such as alkaloid, saponin, terpenoid, flavonoid and phenol. The diseases those might be cured with those mangroves and rheumatism, ulcers, hypertention, intestinal worms, hepatitis, asma, flatulence, restore power after childbirth, diarrhea, mouth sores, mumps, malaria, dysentry, ulcers, cholera, sampu, and to protect the skin from the sunlight
Analisis Sebaran Bakteri Coliform Di Kanal A Kuala Dua Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Get PDFCanal A Kuala Dua is one of the water source used in daily activities by the society lives along that river banks. The occurence of markets and inhabitans activities such as bathing and washing can affect the water quality of Canal A Kuala Dua due to the disposals entering the water body. One of the bioindicator used to detect water pollution is coliform bacteria. The purpose of this research was to find out the dispersion pattern of coliform bacteria when ebb and flow occurs in Canal A Kuala Dua. The Research was done in November 2011 through March 2012. Sampling was done at 9 stations along Canal A Kuala Duan when the ebb and flow occurred. The density of coliform bacteria was calculated by MPN method and Escherichia coli qualitative test was done by IMVIC test. Statistics sofwares such as Microsoft Excel, SPSS 15 (t test), and Arcgis 10.1 were used in data anylisis. Based on its use, Canal A Kuala Dua is categorized into class C. Average values of coliform bacteria densities in Canal A Kuala Dua are 74,249 x 103 MPN/100 mL when the uptide occurs and 59,259 x 103 MPN/100 mL when the downtide occurs
Keanekaragaman Cacing Tanah (Kelas Oligochaeta) di Sekitar Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Batu Layang Kecamatan Pontianak Utara
Get PDFBatu Layang Landfills is pit land area which has low pH and high organic substance affects types of earthworm. This research aimed to know types of earthworm and factors that affected them in Batu Layang Landfills in North Pontianak. The Research was conducted from April to May 2013. Sampling used quadratic and hand-sorting method and was taken in three different location namely Musaceae plantation, Araceae plantation, and vacand land. Each location had five plots with 5x5 m of each and every plot contained 30x30m and was put randomly. Number of earthworms from quadran were collected, identified and counted. The research findings showed that types of earthworms found were Megascolex, Pheretima and Pontoscolex. Megascolex was the dominant type on every research site with 5.67 17.82 ind/m2 and achieved 0.8013, the highest dominant index on Station I/ Site I. The diversity index on the three sites was low ranging from 0.3979 to 0.6749 and evenness index was low ranging from 0.3622 to 0.6413
Eksplorasi Paku-Pakuan (Pteridophyta) Di Kawasan Cagar Alam Mandor Kabupaten Landak
Get PDFFerns (Pteridophyta) have an important role in forest ecosystems, but the destruction of the forest decreased the amount of ferns. The existences of ferns in the forest are in danger due to gold mining, logging and forest fires. This study was conducted to investigate ferns diversity in Mandor Nature Reserve in Landak Regency. The study was done for 4 months from July to November 2012. Cruise Method was used to explore ferns within the nature reserve. The study found that there were 21 species consisting of 1 class and 14 families. Polypodiaceae family is the most commonly found, while Aspleniaceae, Blechnaceae, Davalliaceae, Dennstaedtiaceae, Dryopteridaceae, Gleicheniacea, Lindsaeaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Lygodiaceae, Nephrolepidaceae, Pteridaceae, Selaginellaceae and Woodsiaceae were not common in the nature reserve
Kandungan klorofil dan lipid Nannochloropsis oculata yang dikultur dalam media limbah cair karet
Get PDFThe chlorophyll and lipid content in N. oculata can be influenced by the concentration of the culture medium. One of the substances, which has the potential to be an alternative culture medium, is rubber liquid waste. The purpose of this research was to understand the rubber liquid waste influence and its level of concentration as the alternative culture medium for N. oculata in terms of the chlorophyll and lipid content. The research was an experimental study with completely random design with six treatments are the control (sea water), the concentration 10%,20%,30%,40% and 50% of rubber waste liquid. The chlorophyll content was measured by using spectrophotometer method, while the lipid content was measured by using Bligh and Dyer method. The ANOVA results of chlorophyll a and lipid content were showed a significant effect on the content of N. oculata chlophyll (F5,12 = 9,194; p < 0,05) and lipid (F5,12 = 23,818; p < 0,05). The result of the experiment demonstrated that the highest amount of chlorophyll and lipid was produced by the 10% concentration, 37.71 µg/ml and 3.77 g/200 ml respectively. Furthermore, the 50% concentration produced the lowest amount of chlorophyll and lipid, 2.37 µg/ml and 0.82 g/200 ml respectively