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Patogenitas Isolat Jamur Entomopatogenik Metarhizium anisopliae terhadap Lalat Rumah Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae)
Get PDFMetarhizium anisopliae is one of the entomopathogenic fungi that can be used to control house fly, Musca domestica. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of fungus Metarhizium anisopliae in killing house flies. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatment concentration of Metarhizium anisopliae fungal suspension concentration of 1x106 conidia/mL, 3x106 conidia/mL, 5x106 conidia/mL, 7x106 conidia/mL, 9x106 conidia/mL with each repetition three times. The fungal pathogenicity was determined by the lethal time of 50% flies (LT50) for each concentration using Probit analysis. The result of this study showed that the time required to killing 50% of flies in consecutive consentrations was 7 days with concentrations ranging from 3x106 conidia/mL until 5x106 conidia/mL. In conclusion, the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is effectively deadly pest house flies Musca domestica
Kadar Hematokrit dan Hemoglobin Ikan Sapu-sapu (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) Terpapar Logam Berat Merkuri Klorida
Get PDFMercury chloride (HgCl2) is one of the heavy metals that are harmful to the environment and can accumulate in aquatic organisms, such as Sucker Mouth Catfish, Pterygoplichtys pardalis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the damage of the hematocrite values and hemoglobin of P. pardalis exposed to mercury chloride. This study used a Randomized Block Design method with 54 male fish and six treatment groups, namely Control (0 ppm); P1 (0.01 ppm); P2 (0.02 ppm); P3 (0.04 ppm); P4 (0.08 ppm); P5 (0.16 ppm). Hematological tests showed a significant difference between treatment and control, while the different hemoglobin values with controls only at a concentration of 0.16 ppm. Mercury chloride causes damage to hematological disorders in P. pardali
Spesies Kumbang Kotoran (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) di Taman Nasional Gunung Palung Kalimantan Barat
Get PDFDung beetles are invertebrates that an important ecosystem balance as decomposers. The distribution of beetles are influenced by the habitat form and the presence of animal feces. Gunung Palung National Park has an area 90,000 ha, in which there is Cabang Panti Research Station which a tropical forest with various types of habitats and animals. This research aims to determine the species of dung beetles in Cabang Panti Research Station. The research was located in six different habitats, such as peat swamp, freshwater swamp, kerangas, alluvial, lowland sandstone and lowland granite. Dung beetles were collected by baited pit-fall trap method plus feed of orangutan’s and human’s feces. Dung beetles found in Cabang Panti Research Station is 1939 individuals, 3 subfamilies, 7 tribes, 11 genus and 32 species. Three subfamilies were found consist of Aphodiinae (1 species), Coprinae (27 species) and Scarabaeinae (4 species). The most commonly found species of dung beetles from Onthophagus Genus (21 spesies). The most individuals of dung bettles are Paragymnopleurus maurus (1259 individuals). The highest number of species is found in the type of kerangas habitat (23 species) and the lowest is found in type of peat swamp habitat (15 species)
Jamur Mikoriza Vesikular Arbuskular (MVA) Pada Tiga Jenis Tanah Rhizosfer Tumbuhan Lakum (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin)
Get PDFThe lakum plant (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin) is a wild plant so it is easily found in various types of soil, such as alluvial soil, ultisol soil and soil with salinity (saline soil). The ability of the lakum plant (C. trifolia) to grow on alluvial soil, ultisol soil, and saline soils is presumably cause by a role of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi. This research aims to find out about VAM fungi in the rhizosphere of the lakum plant (C. trifolia) and the rate of VAM fungal infection in three types of rhizosphere soil of the lakum plant. This research was conducted for three months, starting from January to May 2018 at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Tanjungpura University. The research procedure included several stages, namely sampling, isolation of spores by a combination of wet filter pouring technique, identification and characterization, and coloring and making root preparations with coloring method. Based on the results of the research, the spores of the VAM fungi found in alluvial soil consisted of the genera Acaulospora, Archaeospora, Glomus and Paraglomus. The spores of the genus of VAM fungi found on the saline soil were only the genus Glomus. The spores of the genus of VAM fungi found on ultisol soil consisted of the genera Acaulospora, Glomus and Paraglomus. The results of observations show that VAM fungal infection in alluvial soil was 25% (low), in saline soil 50.6% (high) and ultisol soil 53% (high
Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Sebagai Pewarna Alami Oleh Suku Dayak Randu Di Desa Suka Damai Kabupaten Melawi
Get PDFWest Kalimantan is one of regions of Indonesia which has a plentiful biodiversity. One of the utilization of its biodiversity is natural dyes. Natural dyes are obtained by exctracting the pigment of plant organs such as fruits, flowers, leaves, skins, tubers, and rhizomens. The Dayaks utilize the natural dye plants to dye yarns and fabrics. This research aims to find out the types of plants, citation frequency and the informant agreement ration of the natural dyes used by the Dayak Randu people. This research used purposive samplimg by involving 23 responders of Dayak Randu people in Suka Damai village, Pinoh Utara District Melawi Regency. This results show that there are the types of natural dyes utilized for coloring yarns, nails and food. Curcuma domestica and Pandanus amaryllifolius have 100% cition frequency, while the informant agreement ration of yarn dye is 0.66%, nail dye is 0,75% and food dye is 0,80%
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Suku Melayu Desa Durian Sebatang Kecamatan Seponti Kabupaten Kayong Utara
Get PDFThis research was conducted with the aim to know the types of medicinal plants, parts of plants used as medicines and methods of processing and the use of plants as a traditional medicine. The research was conducted four months, starting from September to December 2017. The research was conducted in Durian Sebatang Village, Seponti Sub-District, North Kayong District. The research method using Purposive Sampling, with selected respondents as many as 8 people, belong to two categories namely 2 people shaman giving birth and 6 people herbalist. The design of this research is observation, then conducted semi-structured interviews and filling questionnaires by respondents. The results showed that there are 43 families and 93 species of plants that have potential as drugs. The highest percentage of families is Zingiberaceae (9,7%) and Euphorbiaceae (9,7%). Part of a widely used plant is the leaves (48%), while the way of processing and the use of medicinal plants is in boiled (48%) and drunk (53%). Taking medicinal plants is mostly done in the forest (36%)
Potensi Ekstrak Metanol Rhizom Alang-Alang (Imperata cylindrica (L.) (Beauv) ) Dalam Penghambatan Pertumbuhan Gulma Maman Ungu (Cleome rutidosperma D.C)
Get PDFPurple Maman (Cleome rutidosperma) is a type of weed which lives in various places, especially in agricultural land and plantation. For example, they are frequently found in palm plantation. Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrical L.) is long grass plants spreading all over the word and perceived as weed for agricultural land as it contains allelochemical compounds. This research aims at identifying the effect of extract of rhizome methanol extract of cogon grass in inhibiting the growth of purple cleome. In addition, it is keen on examining the ideal concentration of rhizome methanol extract of cogon grass. The research was conducted for three months since May to July 2017. The research was carried out in the Laboratory and grass house of the biology department, faculty of mathematics and natural sciences. Futher, the sample was grinded in agronomic department, faculty of Agriculture. Finally, the macerate evaporation was conducted in the agricultural product Process lab, State Polytechnic of Pontianak. It used a completely randomized design (RAL) with four concentration treatments, covering control 0; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 g/ml. Each concentration was repeated three times until it collected 12 experiment units. Results show that rhizome methanol extract of cogon grass indeed inhibited the growth of the purple cleome, especially on the on 0.3 g/ml and 0.2 g/ml germination concentration
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Paku Resam (Gleichenia linearis Burm.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Gulma Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica L)
Get PDFGleichenia linearis is a wide-leaved weed that contains allelochemical compounds of flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and steroids that can inhibit the growth of other plants, so it can be used as bioherbicide. This research aims to determine the concentration of G. linearis leaf extract capable of inhibiting germination and growth of Mimosa pudica weed. This research was conducted at the Laboratory and Screen House of the Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, at the Chemistry and Soil Fertility Laboratory and at the Wood Technology Laboratory of the Faculty of Forestry, Tanjungpura University Pontianak from February to April 2016. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 5 replications consisting of control, 0.1; 0.3; 0.5 and 0.7 g/ml. The treatment of germination and growth started from control, 0.1; 0.3; 0.5 and 0.7 g/ml. The results showed that the concentration that could inhibit M. pudica weed germination was the 0.5 g/ml concentration and its growth was the 0.5 g/ml concentration
Komposisi Diatom (Bacillariophyceae) Perifitik pada Substrat Kaca di Sungai Kapuas Kecil Kota Pontianak Kalimantan Barat
Get PDFPeriphytic diatom (Bacillariophyceae) is diatom that lives attach on a substrate and it was dependent on the environmental conditions in an aquatic ecosystem. This study was aimed to determine the composition of periphytic diatom (Bacillariphyceae) on glass substrate and the condition of physical chemical water in Kapuas Kecil River. This study was conducted from September to December 2017. The sampling stations were chosen by purposive random sampling method and divided into four stations. At each station in the river were installed 5 baskets each with 5 glass slides. Samples were collected from three baskets with sampling intervals on day 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20. The result shows that the composition of periphytic diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) in Kapuas Kecil River consists of 29 genera from 2 orders (Pennales and Centrales) and 12 families. The most commonly genera found of periphytic diatom were Eunotia, Gomphonema, Frustulia and Nitzschia
Daya Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Batang Lakum (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Isolat Phytophthora sp. Im5 secara In Vitro
Get PDFStem rot disease is caused by one of Phytophthora pathogenic fungi that attacks several types of cultivated plants. The alternative control against Phytophthora attack can be done with the use of natural fungicides. One of the herbs that can be untilized is the ethanol extract of lakum stem (Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin). The aim of this research is to know the effect of ethanol extract of lakum stem and its secondary metabolite in inhibiting the growth of isolate Phytophthora sp. Im5. The research was conducted for three months starting from October to December 2017. This research used solid dilution method and completely randomized design (CRD) wth 8 levels of treatments, i.e. positive control, negative control, ethanol extract concentration of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg/ml. The test for secondary metabolite compounds was done by phytochemical screening method. The result showed that the concentration of 30 mg/ml has the biggest antifugal activity with the inhibition percentage of 34.98%. The activity of lakum stem ethanol extract against isolate Phytophthora sp. Im5 was included in moderate catagory. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of lakum stem contained alkaloid, flavonoid and tannin compounds