eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia
Not a member yet
287 research outputs found
Sort by
Eradikasi dan Babak Akhir Polio: Peran Tenaga Kesehatan Indonesia
No full textPoliomielitis adalah penyakit menular yangditandai dengan kelumpuhan akibat kerusakanmotor neuron di kornu anterior sumsum tulangbelakang; disebabkan oleh tiga serotipe virus polioyaitu serotipe 1 (brunhilde), serotipe 2 (lansig) danserotipe 3 (leon).1 Poliomielitis ditularkan secarafekal-oral atau oral-oral.Sebelum vaksin polio ditemukan, semua anakyang terinfeksi virus polio dan sekitar 1 dari 200anak yang terinfeksi akan menderita kelumpuhan.Setelah ditemukan vaksin polio inaktivasi (IPV,salk) pada tahun 1955, vaksin polio oral monovalen(mOPV, sabin) tahun 1961 dan vaksin polio oraltrivalen (tOPV) pada tahun 1963, program imunisasipolio berlangsung di seluruh dunia. Vaksin IPVdiganti dengan tOPV karena pemberiannyamudah, lebih unggul dalam merangsang kekebalanmukosa usus, dan lebih murah. Vaksin tOPV masukdalam Program Pengembangan Imunisasi/PPI diIndonesia sejak tahun 1978
Singawalang Leaf Extract Effects on LDL Levels of Hypercholesterolemic Male Rats
No full textPetiveria Alliaceae or known as singawalang can decrease levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood because of the content of compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. This study is a laboratory experimental research with pre and posttest control group design. Sample using rats (Rattus norvegicus) males, aged 2-3 months with body weight ± 150 gs. The average LDL cholesterol level of negative control group (KN) is 3.40 ± 2.07, which means there is no significant increase. In the simvastatin group (S), the treatment group 1 (K1), group 2 (K2), and treatment group 3 (K3) the average of LDL cholesterol results showed a decrease with the result S = -71.10 ± 31.35, K1 = -53.60 ± 26.80, K2 = -67.05 ± 23.98, and K3 = -51.06 ± 20.27. By using One Way Anova obtained significance value of p <0.05, which showed significant differences between group KN with group S, K1, K2, K3
Combination of Glasgow Coma Scale, Age, and Systolic Blood Pressure in Assessing Patients’ Outcomes with Decreased Consciousness
No full textGlasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is commonly used to assess outcomes of patients with loss of consciousness, but it is insufficient in predicting the outcome of some cases. This study aimed to assess the combination of GCS, systolic blood pressure and age to predict the outcome of patients with decreased consciousness. This was a retrospective cohort observational study of 76 loss of consciousness patients that comes into the Emergency Department of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital in June-August 2014. Data was obtained from the medical records . GCS, systolic blood pressure and age were recorded when patients were admitted to the triage. Outcome was assessed two weeks after admission in the emergency department. Bivariate analysis on the GCS and age showed significant different between patients with poor outcome group with good outcome group (p<0.05) and no significant different of the systolic blood pressure between both groups (p>0.05). Multivariate analysis on the GCS and age showed good probability equation based on the calibration test and discrimination. The combination of Glasgow Coma Scale and age was accurate in assessing the outcomes of patients with loss of consciousness.  
Correlation between Sagittal Spinopelvic Parameters and Oswestry Disability Index after Thoracal and Lumbar Spine Stabilization and Fusion
No full textSpinopelvic parameter consists of sagittal vertical axis (SVA), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS) which are measured by whole-spine-lateral-view radiograph in standing position. Measurement of the separameters is pivotalas the land mark analysis toachieve correct sagittal balance. The objective of the study is to analyze the correlation between PI, PT, SVA and SSwith theclinical outcomes which was measured usingOswestry Disability Index (ODI) scoring system.This is a cross-sectional study involving 19 patients who underwent thoracal and lumbar fusion surgery in our centerduring 2012-2014. Radiographi cevaluation of SVA, PI, PT, and SS and ODI score were performed 1 year after surgery. Pearson test was conducted to determine the correlation between SVA, PI, PT, and SS with ODI score.There wasa strong correlation between ODI withSVA and PI (p<0.001,r=0.866; p=0.006; r=0.603, respectively). There was no correlation between other parameters with ODI.Based on this study, spinopelvic parameters that can represent the clinical outcome after thoracal and lumbar fusion and stabilization surgeries are SVA and PI.  
Effect of Pomegranate’s Extract to Malondialdehyde Level and Rat’s Heart Vessel
No full textPomegranate (Punica granatum) contains high level of antioxidant. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of pomegranate extract on MDA level and histopatological findings in rat’s heart vessel that is exposed to cigarette smoking. Experimental study included sprague dawley rats that were exposed to cigarette smoke 2-3 hours a day for 2 weeks. The rats were divided into 3 groups: the first group was a control group, the second group received 5% pomegranate extract, and the third group was given 10% pomegranate extract. Measurement of MDA levels was done before and after the intervention (at the 8th day and 15th day). The MDA levels were significantly higher in control group than those among intervention group (p<0,05). Histopathological finding showed damage of endothelial cell and microhemorrhagic in rat’s heart vessel due to tissue hypoxia
Effect of Temperature towards RNA Concentration: Quantitative Investigation with Spectrophotometer
No full textRibonucleic acid (RNA) is a thermodynamically unstable molecule. The way RNA samples are preserved is critical to maintain maximum yield and quality, therefore it is useful for molecular analysis such as real time- PCR. There are many contradictions and variations regarding the temperature for RNA storage. The aim of this study is to find the ideal temperature to store RNA among -80o C, -20o C and 4oC by determining changes in RNA concentration over two weeks of storage time. The liver of eight rats was divided into three groups, weighing from 25-26 μg. Samples were homogenized, isolated and stored in -80oC, -20oC and 4oC freezers. Absorbance was measured with spectrophotometry at 260 and 280 nm to determine the concentration of RNA. There was no significant difference in the concentration of RNA samples stored in all temperatures after two weeks, both experimentally and statistically (Kruskal-Wallis, -80oC p=0.949; -20oC p=0.885; 4oC p=0.935). In conclusion, RNA can be stored in -80oC, -20oC and 4oC for two weeks without quantity reduction. Longer duration of study and RNA quality analysis is recommended to check for RNA degradation. 
Case Management of Pure Gonadal Dysgenesis 46, XY (Sindrom Swyer)
No full textDisorders of sex development (DSD) are medical conditions in which the development of chromosomal, gonadal or anatomic sex varies from normal and may be incongruent with each other. Swyer syndrome is a condition caused by pure gonadal dysgenesis 46,XY, which followed by inadequate anti-mullerian (AMH) production results in maintenance and further development of mullerian duct into uterus. Therefore, many patients who suffer from this condition initially come with chief complaint of primary amenorrhea with insufficient development of secondary sexual characteristics. Patient’s gender orientation commonly is a female, since her brain was not sufficiently exposed with androgen hormone. Management of DSD patients should be based on patient-centered approach. Therefore, overall management of DSD patients should follow according to patient’s perception regarding to her gender orientation. Herein, we reported a case of Swyer syndrome in female aged 29 years with chief complain primary amenorrhea. Chromosomal analysis was 46,XY (20 mataphase), FSH level was 31.5miu/ml, LH 10.8miu/ml, estradiol (E2) <5pg/ml, testosteron total (T) <0.0025ng/ml. Medical management for this patient has the purpose to drive her feminization process in order to improve her physical appearance. However, since there is a great tisk for having gonadal tumor development from intra-abdominal dysgenetic gonad with Y chromosome, this patient has been strongly suggested to have bilateral gonadectomy. 
Menyongsong Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN 2015: Apakah Dokter Indonesia Sudah Siap?
No full textNo Abstrac
Quality of Life among Patients on Hemodialysis atRSUD Tarakan, North Kalimantan, 2014
No full textPatients with end-stage renal disease require renal replacement therapy. Hemodialysis is the mostcommon renal replacement therapy in Indonesia. Quality of life assessment of patient undergoing hemodialysisshould be taken since it predicts mortality of end-stage renal disease patients. This cross-sectional studywas conducted at RSUD Tarakan. Primary data, such as socio-demography, comorbidity, and laboratoryresults were taken through history taking and medical records. Quality of life was assessed using KidneyDisease Quality of Life - Short Form (KDQOL-SF)-36 which has been used to measure quality of life ofpatients undergoing hemodialysis. There were 28 samples, with mean age of 53.5±13.8 years old, male(67.9%). high school graduates (28.6%) and main comorbidity was hypertension (83%). Hemoglobin meanscore was 8.01±2.12, serum ureum was 144.5±44.85 and serum creatinine score was 9.13±4.03. Physicaland mental health components score were 38.51±8.37 and 44.48±8.66. Other component mean scores wasphysical function 63.39±24.08. Limitation of role because of physical and mental reasons were 58.33±25.71and 53.3±16.61, pain 57.05±28.19, health perceptions 44.82±15.42, vitality 48.21±20.91, mental health55.14±21.45 and social function 53.3±16.61. Male had significantly lower mental health components score(p<0.05) and patients with hypertension had significantly worse SF-36 mean score compared to patientswithout history of hypertension (p<0.05). In conclusion, gender and hypertension was associated with lowerquality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis
Systemic Hypoxia Effect on Rat Brain Malondialdehyde, Glial FibrillaryAcidic Protein, and Acetylcholine Esterase Activity
No full textSistemic hypoxia causes lack of oxygen and energy in brain that trigger the release of acetylcholine,free radical and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a specific protein in astrocyte cells that act to strenghtenastrocite membrane. The aim of the research was to evaluate the damages of brain in systemic hypoxiathrough activity of acetylcholine esterase, neuron and astrocyte membran damages. The research conductedat the Chemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, FM Universitas Indonesia, in 2013. Twenty-five malespraque dawley rats were subjected to systemic hypoxia devided into 5 group of by placing them in thehypoxic chamber supplied 8-10% of O2 for 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA), acetylcholineesterase specific activity and glial fibrillary acidic protein concentration were measured in plasma and braintissues. The result show that 7 day systemic hypoxia did not increase MDA concentration in plasma and braintissues, but increase significantly the spesific activity of acetylcholine esterase and GFAP concentration inbrain tissues. Systemic hypoxia as long as 7 day did not cause oxidative stress, but show increasing of AChEactivity and astrocyte adaptation through increasing of GFAP in brain tissues