eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia
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Association between Nutritional Status and Blood Glucose Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
No full textBlood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients should be well controlled to prevent complications. In addition to diet and the use of drugs, nutritional status is known also play a role in maintaining blood glucose. This study aims to determine the association between nutritional status and blood glucose level of T2DM patients. This cross sectional study using T2DM outpatients at Endocrine Unit of RSUD dr Soetomo Surabaya on January-February 2017. The variables were nutritional status (body mass index/BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Primary data collected by measuring the weight and height and secondary data by looking at FBG result from patient’s medical record. The data was processed using SPSS program version 20. There were 65 subjects who met the criteria. The result showed 72.9% of patients had more nutritional status with an average BMI 26.06±4.625 kg/m2 and 61.52% had poor blood glucose levels with an average GDP of 142.17±44.012 mg/dL. Pearson test result showed an association between nutritional status and FBG with p value 0.04 and association coefficient value 0.256.  
Profile of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, 2010
No full textNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common head and neck malignancy in Indonesia. NPCpresents numerous challenges from non-specific signs and symptoms until lack of awareness from generalpractitioners (GP), which lead to late or missed diagnosis. Early diagnosis and prevention are proposedas the best solutions for this problem. In order to do that, we need a complete and well-managed patients’data. This study aims to reveal the demographic, clinical and histopathologic characteristics of NPC inIndonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting medical records of all NPC patients in 2010from Otorhinolaryngology Department of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital. The extracted datawere then analyzed to describe the problem of NPC in Indonesia. Out of 167 patients, 68.3% of the patientsare male and most of them are Sundanese and Javanese. Palpable lump in the neck is the most commoncomplaint in presentation (58.1%), followed by nasal congestion (49.1%). Salted fish consumption was themost prevalent risk factor (29.9%). Based on the histopathologic findings, 75.4% of the cases were classifiedas WHO-3 and around half of the patients (51%) were in stage IV upon diagnosis. Studying demographic andclinical characteristics of NPC patients is the first step to overcome problems caused by NPC in Indonesia
Level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Rabies in Manggarai Regency, Nusa Tenggara Timur, 2014
No full textRabies is widely known as disease with high mortality rate. We conducted this study to assess level ofknowledge, attitude and practice regarding rabies in Manggarai regency, Nusa Tenggara Timur. This study wasconducted using cross sectional design. The knowledge, attitude and practice of subjects were determinedusing validated questionnaire. We gathered the data from primary health care located in 9 Manggarai districton July 2014. Out of 278 respondents, 65.8% have poor level of knowledge while 34.2% have good level ofknowledge. Its only 18.3% have poor level of attitude while 81.7% have moderate level of attitude. The 53.2%resident have poor practice related to rabies and 46.8% have moderate level of practice. Level of educationand place of residence are shown to have significant relationship with level of knowledge, attitude and practicetoward rabies. Moreover, subjects with adequate knowledge of rabies tend to have better practices againstthe disease itself (PR=2,391;CI95% 1,879-3,043;p<0,001). Raising level of knowledge of the communityregarding rabies is crucial to improve the practices against the disease
Mental Disorder of Freshmen Students of Primary Health University Clinic in Jakarta
No full textTo realize a comprehensive service, one big university in Jakarta organize medical check up for freshmen students which include physical and mental health. The purposes of this study were to identify the characteristics of students who have mental disorder and factors related to visit for consulting doctor or psychologist after the medical check up. A cross-sectional study was conducted in January-February, 2017. The study used secondary datas from freshmen medical check up of 2015 and 2016 and medical records of university student clinic in 2015-2016. Mental health evaluation done by using SRQ20 (self-reporting questionnaire) that filled online by students’ re-registration. A total of 1,793 (12.4%) of freshmen students from 14,129 students fill out ‘yes’ answer for at least 6 question and called as having mental disorder. There were only 24% of mental disorder students had come to doctors at university hospitals and only 2.4% who come to the counselor psychologist at the clinic during the year 2015-2016. The factors associated of visit the doctor in clinic were living in a dormitory or boarding (p<0.05 OR 2.82) and having physical problems at medical check up (p<0.05 OR 1.49). The factor associated with of visit the psychologist was male (p<0.05 OR 2.16). Number of mental disorder students who visited the doctor almost ten fold than visited the psychologist. So university clinics doctors as primary care physicians need to be more competence in identifying and detecting early mental disorder symptoms that hide in somatic symptoms
The Efficacy of Probiotic in Adults with Acute Infectious Diarrhea
No full textDiarrhea is a global health problem with high morbidity and mortality. In developing countries, acute diarrhea is most commonly caused by infectious pathogens. Regardless of the cause, diarrhea is primarily treated by fluid replacement therapy to decrease the risk of dehydration and death, although it does not affect the duration of diarrhea. Probiotics are able to shorten the duration of diarrhea in children, but its efficacy in adults is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the benefit of probiotic in reducing the duration of acute diarrhea in adults as compared to placebo. Systematic search was done using four databases: PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Embase, without limit on the year of publication. Randomized clinical trials were selected as the appropriate study design to answer the clinical question and two studies were considered relevant for appraisal. In conclusion, probiotics could improve the recovery of acute infectious diarrhea in adults (level of evidence 1b) however more studies should be carried out since only very few strains of probiotics have been investigated.  
Azoospermia: A Genomic Review
No full textAzoospermia or the absence of sperm in semen is one of the sperm disorders that results in male infertility. There are two types of azoospermia, the first one isazoospermia caused by obstruction of the vas deferens (obstructive azoospermia) and the second one is azoospermia due to the damage of testes (nonobstructive azoospermia). The etiology of azoospermia could be genetic or non-genetic. Genetic factors may occur in genomics starting from chromosome until gene level or single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). At the chromosome level, there is Klinefelter’s syndrome (47, XXY) to the Y chromosome microdeletion, whereas at the gene level there is mutation of jsd, Bmp8b and other genes. At the level of SNPs, Genome Wide SNP Association Study (GWAS) had uncovered 20 SNPs which were related significantly to azoospermia. Extensive knowledge of genomics review on male infertility, is expected to promote the development of investigation and management of azoospermia
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Oryza sativa L. indica on Protein Kinase B Activity and CA 15-3 Serum Level in in Female Sprague dawley Rats
No full textOryza sativa L. indica or black rice is a food containing high level of polyphenol and anthocyanin that has potency as anticancer and prevent resistance of doxorubicin therapy as a result of phosphatydil-inositol-3-kinase (PI3K) hyperactivation. This study aimed to analyze the potency of black rice to inhibit the PI3K pathway. The study was done on March-June 2016 at faculty of veterinary Universitas Airlangga using 30 female Sprague dawley rats aged 7-8 weeks. Breast cancer induced by 7,12- dimethylbenz(α)anthracene(DMBA) and estrogen. Rats were divided into three groups: K1 (placebo), K2 (doxorubicin), and P (doxorubicin and black rice ethanol extract). Black rice ethanol extract was given with dose of 75mg/kg weight/day for six weeks. Parameters used in this study were the activity of PKB and CA 15-3 serum level, The results showed that there was significant difference in activity of PKB and CA 15-3 serum level between the groups (p < 0.05). The group of rats that treated by combination doxorubicin and black rice ethanol extract had the lowest activity of PKB and CA 15-3 serum level among the other groups. The conclusion of the study is that black rice ethanol extract can decrease the activity of PKB and CA 15-3 serum level in white rat modelled breast cancer
Ilmu dan Teknologi di Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer: dari Penyakit Tropik Terabaikan Sampai Personalized Medicine
No full textNo Abstrac
The Association of Lipoprotein Changes and the Development of Plasma Leakage in Dengue Infection
No full textThere’s interrelationship between infection and lipoprotein. This is a cohort prospective study which conducted November 2010 – February 2011. This study aimed to assess the changes of HDL-C, LDL-C, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), in acute and critical phase of dengue infection and its association with plasma leakage. Subjects who had fever 48 hours or less and Dengue NS1 antigen test positive were admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta. We examined clinical and CBC daily; level of albumin, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, TG; ultrasound to find ascites and pleural effusion. Among 51 subjects, 21 subjects (41%) had plasma leakage. There were significant lower of HDL-C, LDL-C, and higher TG in critical phase than acute phase. In critical phase, subjects with plasma leakage had a significant lower HDL-C level [26.3 (8.2) vs 33.1 (12.1) mg/dL, p=0.029] but not for LDL-C, TC, and TG. They also had a significantly higher reduction in HDL-C [19.6 (9.1) vs 11.5 (5.8) mg/dL, p<0.0001] and TC [25.1 (20.0) vs 15.2 (14.5) mg/dL, 0.045] over the course of acute to critical phase. Lipoprotein changes during dengue infection were more pronounced among subjects who developed plasma leakage. The higher reduction in HDL-C is associated with the development of plasma leakage.  
