JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan
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Testing BIOSEL-SR2020 to Reduce Physical-Chemical Contents in Faecal Sludge Treatment Installations in Puulonggida and Potential as An Organic Fertilizer Ingredient
No full textTo improve environmental health and address the issue of domestic fecal sludge waste, it is essential to treat the waste using an environmentally friendly organic oxidizing material, BIOSEL-SR2020. This study examines the effect of adding BIOSEL-SR2020 to reduce the physicochemical content of fecal sludge at the Puulonggida sludge treatment plant (STP) in Kendari City and its potential as a component of organic fertilizer. The environmental condition of Puulonggida STP shows that the air quality around the STP is excellent. The area is far from residential zones and features numerous trees, which help transform the toxic gases produced by septage treatment. The application of BIOSEL-SR2020 to septage solids significantly alters and enhances the chemical elements in the septage. Oxide composition data, such as MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO—soil components—indicate that BIOSEL-SR2020 application significantly improves chili plant growth compared to commercial organic fertilizer and untreated samples. Furthermore, treating fecal sludge liquids with BIOSEL-SR2020 affects the pH, maintaining a standard range of 7.06 - 7.13. The Dissolved Oxygen (DO) value increases slightly, and the fecal liquid’s salinity indicates no mineral salts. BIOSEL-SR2020 also demonstrates antibacterial properties, reducing bacterial colonies by an average of 26%. The most prevalent bacteria, Klebsiella sp., and Pseudomonas sp. are effective in decomposing fecal organic matter at the Puulonggida STP. In conclusion, BIOSEL-SR2020 effectively enhances the physicochemical properties of fecal sludge and holds potential as a mixture in organic fertilizers, significantly benefiting plant growth and environmental health.To improve environmental health and address the issue of domestic fecal sludge waste, it is essential to treat the waste using an environmentally friendly organic oxidizing material, BIOSEL-SR2020. This study examines the effect of adding BIOSEL-SR2020 to reduce the physicochemical content of fecal sludge at the Puulonggida sludge treatment plant (STP) in Kendari City and its potential as a component of organic fertilizer. The environmental condition of Puulonggida STP shows that the air quality around the STP is excellent. The area is far from residential zones and features numerous trees, which help transform the toxic gases produced by septage treatment. The application of BIOSEL-SR2020 to septage solids significantly alters and enhances the chemical elements in the septage. Oxide composition data, such as MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO—soil components—indicate that BIOSEL-SR2020 application significantly improves chili plant growth compared to commercial organic fertilizer and untreated samples. Furthermore, treating fecal sludge liquids with BIOSEL-SR2020 affects the pH, maintaining a standard range of 7.06 - 7.13. The Dissolved Oxygen (DO) value increases slightly, and the fecal liquid’s salinity indicates no mineral salts. BIOSEL-SR2020 also demonstrates antibacterial properties, reducing bacterial colonies by an average of 26%. The most prevalent bacteria, Klebsiella sp., and Pseudomonas sp. are effective in decomposing fecal organic matter at the Puulonggida STP. In conclusion, BIOSEL-SR2020 effectively enhances the physicochemical properties of fecal sludge and holds potential as a mixture in organic fertilizers, significantly benefiting plant growth and environmental health
A Factors Relating to The Behavior of Latrine Use in Klapasawit village, Purbalingga
No full textSanitation is crucial for environmental health as it helps reduce disease transmission and related health issues. In Indonesia, sanitation problems persist, often tied to socio-cultural factors, such as the habit of open defecation. In 2021, 83.28% of households in Central Java Province had adequate sanitation, while in Purbalingga Regency, it was 76.33%. Klapasawit Village, within the Kalimanah Health Centre's area, has yet to achieve open defecation-free status. This study analyzes the factors influencing latrine use behavior in Klapasawit Village, Kalimanah District, Purbalingga Regency. This quantitative analytical research used a cross-sectional design. The population was the entire Klapasawit village, and the sample met specific criteria. Proportionate stratified random sampling was employed, resulting in 90 samples. Instruments included questionnaires, interviews, camera recorders, and secondary data forms. Univariate analysis revealed that the age group of 36–45 years (41.1%) dominated the community, with women making up the majority (45.6%). Most had a primary school education (33.3%) and were housewives (32.2%). Bivariate analysis showed no significant correlation between knowledge, attitudes, infrastructure, family support, and the role of health workers in latrine use in Klapasawit Village, Kalimanah District, Purbalingga Regency.
Sanitation is crucial for environmental health as it helps reduce disease transmission and related health issues. In Indonesia, sanitation problems persist, often tied to socio-cultural factors, such as the habit of open defecation. In 2021, 83.28% of households in Central Java Province had adequate sanitation, while in Purbalingga Regency, it was 76.33%. Klapasawit Village, within the Kalimanah Health Centre's area, has yet to achieve open defecation-free status. This study analyzes the factors influencing latrine use behavior in Klapasawit Village, Kalimanah District, Purbalingga Regency. This quantitative analytical research used a cross-sectional design. The population was the entire Klapasawit village, and the sample met specific criteria. Proportionate stratified random sampling was employed, resulting in 90 samples. Instruments included questionnaires, interviews, camera recorders, and secondary data forms. Univariate analysis revealed that the age group of 36–45 years (41.1%) dominated the community, with women making up the majority (45.6%). Most had a primary school education (33.3%) and were housewives (32.2%). Bivariate analysis showed no significant correlation between knowledge, attitudes, infrastructure, family support, and the role of health workers in latrine use in Klapasawit Village, Kalimanah District, Purbalingga Regency.
Noise Levels and Comfort Levels of Populations Living Around Mistar Cokrokusumo Bangkal District
No full textToday, many houses are located on the edge of highways, potentially exposing these homes to additional noise from the traffic flow. This study aims to determine the relationship between noise levels and the comfort levels of residential homes in the Bangkal sub-district. This observational study, which has a cross-sectional design, includes 12 sample points for noise measurement and 77 houses directly adjacent to the road for comfort level sampling. Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter, while traffic density was measured using a compass and counter. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results showed that the volume of traffic flow ranged from 334 pcu/hour to 402 pcu/hour. The highest noise level was recorded at TS-7 (65.7 dBA) and the lowest at TS-9 (61.7 dBA). According to the South Kalimantan governor's regulation number 53 of 2007, all 12 sample points of noise measurement exceed the quality standard. The average correlation between noise level and comfort level indicated that 88% of households reported being less comfortable, 12% felt uncomfortable, and none felt comfortable. Houses can reduce road traffic noise by installing thick curtains on their windows and doors, planting trees and ornamental plants in pots, and constructing artificial walls.
Today, many houses are located on the edge of highways, potentially exposing these homes to additional noise from the traffic flow. This study aims to determine the relationship between noise levels and the comfort levels of residential homes in the Bangkal sub-district. This observational study, which has a cross-sectional design, includes 12 sample points for noise measurement and 77 houses directly adjacent to the road for comfort level sampling. Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter, while traffic density was measured using a compass and counter. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Results showed that the volume of traffic flow ranged from 334 pcu/hour to 402 pcu/hour. The highest noise level was recorded at TS-7 (65.7 dBA) and the lowest at TS-9 (61.7 dBA). According to the South Kalimantan governor's regulation number 53 of 2007, all 12 sample points of noise measurement exceed the quality standard. The average correlation between noise level and comfort level indicated that 88% of households reported being less comfortable, 12% felt uncomfortable, and none felt comfortable. Houses can reduce road traffic noise by installing thick curtains on their windows and doors, planting trees and ornamental plants in pots, and constructing artificial walls
The Relationship of Teachers' Role and Students' Attitudes Towards Clean and Healthy Living Behavior In Islamic Boarding Schools
No full textClean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is a practice carried out by students, teachers, and school members as part of learning to be proactive in preventing and maintaining health and playing an active role in forming a healthy environment. Children of school age are very susceptible to disease. PHBS is often associated with the number of diseases that occur in school-aged children. The method used in this study is quantitative, with a cross-sectional study design. The sample in this study was 136 respondents using the two-stage cluster technique. Data were taken using a questionnaire from the students of SMP Pondok Pesantren Mumtaz Ibadurrahman provided data using a questionnaire. According to the research findings, factors related to PHBS are the teacher's role. The teacher's role and attitude are factors that influence PHBS. Therefore, teachers should increase their support and education to students, emphasizing the importance of implementing PHBS through the learning process and encouraging cooperation activities to clean the classroom environment. Ion activities to clean the pesantren environment.Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is a practice carried out by students, teachers, and school members as part of learning to be proactive in preventing and maintaining health and playing an active role in forming a healthy environment. Children of school age are very susceptible to disease. PHBS is often associated with the number of diseases that occur in school-aged children. The method used in this study is quantitative, with a cross-sectional study design. The sample in this study was 136 respondents using the two-stage cluster technique. Data were taken using a questionnaire from the students of SMP Pondok Pesantren Mumtaz Ibadurrahman provided data using a questionnaire. According to the research findings, factors related to PHBS are the teacher's role. The teacher's role and attitude are factors that influence PHBS. Therefore, teachers should increase their support and education to students, emphasizing the importance of implementing PHBS through the learning process and encouraging cooperation activities to clean the classroom environment. Ion activities to clean the pesantren environment
The Attractive Ability Of Types Of Attractants Against Aedes sp. Mosquito Eggs Using Ovitrap
No full textAn attractant is a substance that attracts insects (mosquitoes) either chemically or visually. To prevent the spread of dengue, various methods have been employed, one of which is using ovitraps containing attractants. This study aimed to determine the number of Aedes sp. mosquito eggs based on different attractants. The research was experimental with a one-shot case study design, comparing various attractants and their effectiveness in attracting Aedes sp. mosquito eggs. The findings showed that the type of attractant significantly affected the presence of mosquito eggs, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), allowing further analysis using a post hoc test. The post hoc test revealed significant differences between no attractant and shrimp paste water immersion, no attractant and shrimp head immersion, and no attractant and a brown sugar and yeast mixture. Significant differences were also found between shrimp paste soaked water and brown sugar and yeast mixtures and between shrimp head attractants and brown sugar and yeast mixtures. Shrimp head immersion attractant had a p-value of 0.199 (>0.05), indicating no significant difference compared to other attractants. Among the various attractants tested, shrimp paste soaking water and shrimp head soaking water were the most effective. It is recommended that communities use ovitraps with shrimp paste soaking solution to reduce the Aedes sp. mosquito population around homes, as these materials are relatively easy to obtain and ovitraps can be made using repurposed plastic cups
Effect of Adding Local Microorganisms in Pineapple Skin (Ananas comosus l. merr) on NPK Levels in The Manufacture of Liquid Compost Based on Tofu Waste
No full textTofu industry liquid waste can be used as a base ingredient in making liquid compost. Liquid compost is made from liquid organic materials/waste by adding a compost activator. One effective activator is local microorganisms (MOL) derived from the fermentation of easily found materials, which decompose organic compounds and can substitute for the EM-4 decomposer. This research aims to determine the effect of adding pineapple peel MOL on the N, P, and K levels of liquid compost based on tofu waste. This experimental research used a Pretest-Posttest with Control Group design. The population and sample were liquid waste from the Dinanti Banjarbaru Tofu Factory. Data analysis utilized the Kruskal-Wallis’s test and simple regression test. Results showed that adding pineapple peel MOL increased N, P, and K levels in liquid compost made from tofu waste. The optimal dose for adding pineapple peel MOL has not been established, but a 200 ml dose showed a statistically significant difference. Pineapple peel MOL can be used as a decomposer to create liquid compost from tofu waste as a substitute for EM-4. However, additional organic materials are needed to enhance the N, P, and K nutrients to meet quality standards. Future research should explore combining starter/decomposer compositions with organic materials to achieve optimal liquid organic fertilizer quality according to compost quality standards.Tofu industry liquid waste can be used as a base ingredient in making liquid compost. Liquid compost is made from liquid organic materials/waste by adding a compost activator. One effective activator is local microorganisms (MOL) derived from the fermentation of easily found materials, which decompose organic compounds and can substitute for the EM-4 decomposer. This research aims to determine the effect of adding pineapple peel MOL on the N, P, and K levels of liquid compost based on tofu waste. This experimental research used a Pretest-Posttest with Control Group design. The population and sample were liquid waste from the Dinanti Banjarbaru Tofu Factory. Data analysis utilized the Kruskal-Wallis’s test and simple regression test. Results showed that adding pineapple peel MOL increased N, P, and K levels in liquid compost made from tofu waste. The optimal dose for adding pineapple peel MOL has not been established, but a 200 ml dose showed a statistically significant difference. Pineapple peel MOL can be used as a decomposer to create liquid compost from tofu waste as a substitute for EM-4. However, additional organic materials are needed to enhance the N, P, and K nutrients to meet quality standards. Future research should explore combining starter/decomposer compositions with organic materials to achieve optimal liquid organic fertilizer quality according to compost quality standards
The Relationship of Sanitation Hygiene with The Presence of Echericia Coli on Jamu Beras Kencur in The Official Village of Banjarbaru City
No full textJamu is a traditional medicine originating in Indonesia. We process herbal medicine from natural plants without using chemical additives as additional ingredients. Herbal medicine must meet health standards by BPOM Regulation, namely Escherichia coli negative. Escherichia coli found on jamu beras kencur can cause health problems for those who consume it. The Banjarbaru City Official Village is a collection of herbal medicine makers and traders. This study aimed to determine the correlation between hygiene and sanitation in the manufacture of jamu beras kencur and the presence of Escherichia coli in jamu beras kencur in Kampung Pesantren Banjarbaru City. The research type was an analytical and cross-sectional design approach. There were 13 makers and samples of jamu beras kencur. We gathered the data through observation and utilized laboratory testing techniques for MPN. Data analysis used the Spearman rank correlation test. Observations of herbal medicine makers' hygiene and sanitation conditions revealed that 7 (53.8%) fell into the excellent category. The results of laboratory examinations obtained by as many as seven (53.8%) met the requirements. The results of the Spearman test showed a correlation between hygiene and sanitation with Escherichia coli on jamu beras kencur in Kampung Pesantren Banjarbaru City. Herbalists use gloves, head coverings, masks, and aprons during herbal medicine processing to improve the bacteriological quality of the medicine. They also ensure that their nails are short, maintained, and cleaned. Herbalists process herbal medicine using boiling water as the raw material and adhering to strict hygiene and sanitation protocols.Jamu is a traditional medicine originating in Indonesia. We process herbal medicine from natural plants without using chemical additives as additional ingredients. Herbal medicine must meet health standards by BPOM Regulation, namely Escherichia coli negative. Escherichia coli found on jamu beras kencur can cause health problems for those who consume it. The Banjarbaru City Official Village is a collection of herbal medicine makers and traders. This study aimed to determine the correlation between hygiene and sanitation in the manufacture of jamu beras kencur and the presence of Escherichia coli in jamu beras kencur in Kampung Pesantren Banjarbaru City. The research type was an analytical and cross-sectional design approach. There were 13 makers and samples of jamu beras kencur. We gathered the data through observation and utilized laboratory testing techniques for MPN. Data analysis used the Spearman rank correlation test. Observations of herbal medicine makers' hygiene and sanitation conditions revealed that 7 (53.8%) fell into the excellent category. The results of laboratory examinations obtained by as many as seven (53.8%) met the requirements. The results of the Spearman test showed a correlation between hygiene and sanitation with Escherichia coli on jamu beras kencur in Kampung Pesantren Banjarbaru City. Herbalists use gloves, head coverings, masks, and aprons during herbal medicine processing to improve the bacteriological quality of the medicine. They also ensure that their nails are short, maintained, and cleaned. Herbalists process herbal medicine using boiling water as the raw material and adhering to strict hygiene and sanitation protocols
Potential for Eco-efficiency of Water Resources in The School Environment
No full textWater is a natural resource that humans and other living things need. Along with population growth, water consumption in Indonesia has increased. That is inversely proportional to water availability, which is decreasing. To overcome these problems, the concept used in this study is eco-efficiency. Eco-efficiency is a concept that seeks to increase economic and environmental efficiency when carrying out activities. This study aims to analyze the opportunities for enhancing the eco-efficiency of water resources in the school environment, specifically at SMA N 1 in Ambarawa. This type of research is known as descriptive research. The SWOT analysis method is used for data analysis. SMA N 1 Ambarawa's average total water consumption is in the wasteful category, at 20,898 liters daily. The potential for implementing eco-efficiency in SMA N 1 Ambarawa regarding water consumption is high. The volume of water consumed in SMA N 1 Ambarawa is efficient, at 7,326 liters daily. However, there are significant leaks of technical and non-technical water, amounting to 13,572 liters. Several efforts can be implemented through no-cost, middle-cost, and high-cost recommendations to increase the eco-efficiency potential in water at SMA N 1 Ambarawa.Water is a natural resource that humans and other living things need. Along with population growth, water consumption in Indonesia has increased. That is inversely proportional to water availability, which is decreasing. To overcome these problems, the concept used in this study is eco-efficiency. Eco-efficiency is a concept that seeks to increase economic and environmental efficiency when carrying out activities. This study aims to analyze the opportunities for enhancing the eco-efficiency of water resources in the school environment, specifically at SMA N 1 in Ambarawa. This type of research is known as descriptive research. The SWOT analysis method is used for data analysis. SMA N 1 Ambarawa's average total water consumption is in the wasteful category, at 20,898 liters daily. The potential for implementing eco-efficiency in SMA N 1 Ambarawa regarding water consumption is high. The volume of water consumed in SMA N 1 Ambarawa is efficient, at 7,326 liters daily. However, there are significant leaks of technical and non-technical water, amounting to 13,572 liters. Several efforts can be implemented through no-cost, middle-cost, and high-cost recommendations to increase the eco-efficiency potential in water at SMA N 1 Ambarawa
Variations in the Flow Rate of Activated Carbon Filtration are implemented to reduce the amount of biochemical oxygen demand in a Gray Water Canteen
No full textDomestic liquid waste stemming from cooking and cleaning activities poses a significant environmental concern. Initial tests revealed a high Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) level of 376 mg/L, far exceeding the permissible limit of 30 mg/L, according to Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 68 of 2016. Failure to treat this waste could have detrimental effects on the environment. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of varying flow rates in reducing BOD levels in canteen liquid waste, employing activated carbon derived from coconut shells. Employing an experimental design without control, the research encompassed three flow rate treatments: 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 liters per minute, each repeated six times. Thirty-six samples, equivalent to 54 liters of waste, were analyzed, exhibiting a normal data distribution. Results indicated a notable reduction in BOD levels across all flow rate variations. Specifically, the average decrease was 109.68 mg/L, 107.57 mg/L, and 99.52 mg/L for flow rates of 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 liters per minute, respectively. These findings underscore the effectiveness of varying flow rates in mitigating BOD in domestic liquid waste. Further research includes investigating activated carbon media's saturation point to optimize its adsorption capacity and determining reactivation timelines. Such endeavors are crucial for refining waste treatment processes and minimizing environmental impacts.Domestic liquid waste stemming from cooking and cleaning activities poses a significant environmental concern. Initial tests revealed a high Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) level of 376 mg/L, far exceeding the permissible limit of 30 mg/L, according to Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 68 of 2016. Failure to treat this waste could have detrimental effects on the environment. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of varying flow rates in reducing BOD levels in canteen liquid waste, employing activated carbon derived from coconut shells. Employing an experimental design without control, the research encompassed three flow rate treatments: 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 liters per minute, each repeated six times. Thirty-six samples, equivalent to 54 liters of waste, were analyzed, exhibiting a normal data distribution. Results indicated a notable reduction in BOD levels across all flow rate variations. Specifically, the average decrease was 109.68 mg/L, 107.57 mg/L, and 99.52 mg/L for flow rates of 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 liters per minute, respectively. These findings underscore the effectiveness of varying flow rates in mitigating BOD in domestic liquid waste. Further research includes investigating activated carbon media's saturation point to optimize its adsorption capacity and determining reactivation timelines. Such endeavors are crucial for refining waste treatment processes and minimizing environmental impacts
Hubungan Sanitasi Tempat, Sanitasi Peralatan Dan Higiene Penjamah Dengan Bakteri Coliform Pada Depot Air Minum Di Kecamatan Sukmajaya
No full textThe increasing need for drinking water consumption has caused drinking water depots (DAM) to become one of the most popular choices among people. This is because the number of drinking water depots in Sukmajaya District has increased from 2019-2020 by 33%. To acquire consumption-safe status, DAM’s water must be free from coliforms. This study aims to determine the relationship between DAM’s sanitation hygiene with the number of Coliforms, with DAM in Sukmajaya District as the research subject. This study uses an analytical observational method using a cross-sectional approach. The research variables are place sanitation, equipment sanitation, and handler hygiene from the research population of 45 DAM units, with 31 DAM units taken as samples. By observation and interview with checklist sheets guided by the Minister of Health Regulation No. 43 of 2014, the results showed that among 31 DAMs, there were 15 (48.4%) DAMs that met the requirements for the total number of Coliforms, and 16 (51.6%) others did not meet the requirements for the total number of Coliforms. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between equipment sanitation (p = 0.001) and the hygienic conditions of the handlers (p = 0.001) in the presence of Coliform bacteria. Meanwhile, in the sanitation conditions (p=0.537) there was no significant relationship with the presence of Coliform bacteria. It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between equipment sanitation and handler hygiene and the number of coliforms in DAM waters. Conversely, the place sanitation variable shows that there is no significant relationship with the number of Coliforms in DAM waters.Meningkatnya kebutuhan konsumsi air minum telah menyebabkan air olahan DAM (Depot Air Minum) menjadi salah satu preferensi yang popular di kalangan masyarakat. Hal tersebut dikarenakan jumlah depot air minum yang terdapat di Kecamatan Sukmajaya mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2019-2020 yaitu sebesar 33%. Untuk mempunyai status aman konsumsi, air olahan DAM harus terbebas dari kandungan Coliform. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara higiene sanitasi DAM dengan jumlah Coliform, dengan subjek penelitian DAM di Kecamatan Sukmajaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional, dengan variabel sanitasi tempat, sanitasi peralatan, dan hygiene penjamah dari populasi penelitian sebanyak 45 unit DAM dengan jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 31 unit DAM. Dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara dengan lembar checklist yang berpedoman pada Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 43 tahun 2014, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 31 DAM, terdapat 15 (48,4%) DAM telah memenuhi syarat angka total Coliform, dan 16 (51,6%) lainnya tidak memenuhi syarat angka total Coliform. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sanitasi peralatan (p=0,001); dan kondisi higiene penjamah (p=0,001) dengan keberadaan bakteri Coliform. Sedangkan pada kondisi sanitasi tempat (p=0,537) tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dengan keberadaan bakteri Coliform. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sanitasi peralatan dan higiene penjamah dengan jumlah coliform air minum olahan DAM. Di lain sisi, variablel sanitasi tempat menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan jumlah coliform air minum olahan DAM