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Temporal discrete Z-number and its application in assessing EEG signal data of epileptic seizure
No full textAnalysis and modeling of a complex physical system, particularly EEG signals involved vague and uncertain information. The approach introduced by Kosanovic using temporal fuzzy set to model a complex system particularly the EEG signal does not address the problem of uncertainty for the time of occurrence. In this paper, an ordered discrete Z-number is used to construct temporal discrete Z-number to assess EEG signal data of an epileptic seizure for the first time. The proposed temporal discrete Z-number is able to accommodate the problem of uncertainty with regards to the time of occurrence for a given seizure by using and modifying the method for measuring the uncertainty of Z-number
Nitrogen optimization on rhamnolipid biosurfactant production from Pseudoxanthomonas sp. G3 and its preservation techniques
No full textBiosurfactant is a microbial bioproduct that is used to reduce the surface tension, and can acted as emulsifier, dispersant, and anti-adhesive. Optimization of biosurfactant production needs to be done, not only to increase its production quantity, but also to reduce overall production cost. This study aims to determine the most suitable and optimum concentration of nitrogen source for biosurfactant production and its preservation techniques. The biosurfactant was produced by Pseudoxanthomonas sp. G3 using minimal salt medium with 2% light crude oil as carbon source and different nitrogen sources in the form of urea, sodium nitrate, and ammonium nitrate. The activity of biosurfactants were measured by emulsification index (E24), interfacial tense (IFT), oil drop assay, and dry weight. Potassium sorbate 0.2% (w/v) was used as preservative agent. The results showed that biosurfactant production using sodium nitrate as a nitrogen source provides the highest activity and yield. The E24 value was 76.63% and the clear zone diameter observed was 0.875 cm. The overall decreased in IFT was 35.4% and the biosurfactant dry weight was 0.45 gL-1. Microbial contamination occurred after 3 weeks of storage in the treatment without the addition of preservative. It also showed that the activity of biosurfactants (emulsification and IFT) were gradually decreased during storage. In conclusion, the optimum biosurfactant production by Pseudoxanthomonas sp. G3 was obtained by the addition of sodium nitrate 0.3% (w/v). Meanwhile, the most effective biosurfactant preservation method was by adding potassium sorbate which was stored at 4 ?
Thermal treatments on the oil palm fruits: response surface optimization and microstructure study
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Traditional Knowledge and Botanical Description of Edible Bitter Plants from Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
No full textMost elders in Malaysia like to consume ulam as side dishes with rice. The bitter taste of ulam attracts people to give good perception in certain plants and use them for alternative medicine or supplement. Most of them are believebitter plants have good potential in medicinal aspect and contribute great benefits for human which improve their health condition. However, there were plants in Besut which undiscovered for the scientific name and only known in local names. Botanical description is still lack for the edible bitter plants in Besut which consumed by local people. Thus, field visit by botanists may confirm the appropriate name of the plants. While, interview session and personal communication may reveal traditional knowledge from elders before it could be deteriorated. Selection for respondents was done by method of purposive sampling. A number of 50 respondents were interviewed for traditional knowledge about wild edible bitter plants which commonly used by villagers. Botanical descriptions were documented and herbarium specimens were prepared after plants confirmation in field. The keys and iconographies from experts had been referred and details were most helpful. From our research, we identified 17 species from 15 families of the edible bitter plants as alternative medicine by villagers. The botanical description of 17 species were successfully made as an important source for better reference related to edible bitter plants in Besut. Traditional knowledge of elders had been revealed, where it will be useful for research and development of sustainable natural product of edible bitter plants in future
Kefahaman Pelajar Sekolah Agama Terpilih Di Selangor Terhadap Doktrin Syiah
No full textKemunculan golongan Syiah mula dilihat di Malaysia setelah tercetusnya revolusi Iran tahun 1979 menyebabkan ajaran mereka menular dalam masyarakat Melayu Islam. Ini dapat diperhatikan dengan kemunculan hauzah-hauzah Syiah Melayu di seluruh Malaysia, tangkapan-tangkapan pihak jabatan agama Islam negeri terhadap aktiviti penyebaran Syiah dan kemunculan para graduan Melayu dari Iran dan negara lain. Kajian ini bertujuan membongkar kesan dakyah Syiah di Malaysia terhadap pelajar-pelajar sekolah agama menengah di Selangor serta pengetahuan mereka terhadap ajaran ini. Kajian kuantitatif ini menggunakan diskriptif menggunakan kaedah berbeza (survey reseach) melalui instrumen soal selidik dan sampel bertujuan kepada 756 pelajar-pelajar SPM tahun 2018 daripada 9 buah sekolah menengah asrama penuh. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa 7 responden mempunyai rakan berfahaman Syiah, 1 responden terlibat dengan ajaran Syiah, dan seramai 107 responden tidak pernah mendengar taklimat atau ceramah berkaitan dengan kesesatan Syiah. Justeru usaha menyedarkan masyarakat Islam dalam kalangan pelajar muslim tentang penyelewangan ajaran Syiah dan kesesatan mereka perlu ditekankan dan pendedahan secara langsung diperlukan sebelum mereka melangkah ke alam universiti yang pastinya lebih terbuka dan mencabar
No full textThis research departs from interest and curiosity about women\u27s issues and positions as represented in internet memes. The purpose of this research is to uncover the hidden philosophical meaning behind internet memes with feminist themes, chosen using a purposive sampling technique. This research thus provides a feminist internet meme analysis using the theoretical framework of critical discourse Sara Mills. This qualitative research is divided into four sections, after opening with an overview of internet memes, their philosophical background, and Sara Mills critical discourse to looking at the issue of women\u27s positions. The first section discusses internet memes with a Western cultural backgroundthe second section the analysis of internet memes with an Eastern cultural backgroun
